Pyelonephritis, Cystitis and Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Flashcards
Acute complicated UTI/pyelonephritis is an infection where
kidney/ upper urinary tract
Acute uncomplicated cystitis is an infection where
bladder/lower urinary tract
What is the etiology of cystitis
- more common in women
- gram (-) bacteria
Most common pathogens that cause cystitis
- e coli (most common)
- klebsiella
- proteus
When you see what bacteria you should suspect contamination
- lactobacilli
- group B strep
- enterococci
What are some risk factors for cystitis
- sex
- hx
- spermicide coated condoms
- diaphragms
- indwelling catheters
- diabetes
- obesity
- structural abnormalities
Clinical manifestations of cystitis
- dysuria
- frequency
- urgency
- suprapubic pain
- hematuria
What do urine dipsticks detect
- leukocyte esterase
- nitrites
- WBC
- RBC
- protein
What does leukocyte esterase reflect
pyuria
Nitrites shows the presence of
enterobacteria
What are the treatments for cystitis
- macrobid
- bactrim
- cipro
What are risk factors for UTI in men
- insertive intercourse
- uncircumcised men
Common pathogens that cause pyelonephritis
- e coli (most common)
- klebsiella
- proteus
- pseudomonas
Pathogenesis of pyelonephritis
starts with colonization of the vaginal introitus with fecal flora–> ascends into bladder, ureters, kidney
Clinical manifestations of pyelo
- dysuria
- frequency/urgency
- suprapubic pain
- hematuria
- fever/chills
- flank pain/ CVA tenderness
- nausea/ vomiting
