PX Flashcards
(190 cards)
1
Q
1
What is building commissioning?
A
This is the process of inspecting, testing, starting up, and adjusting building systems and then verifying that the systems are operating as intended ans that they meet the design criteria.
2
Q
2
How does an independent furniture rep differ from a manufacturer’s rep?
A
This type of furniture representative is self-employed and may represent more than one manufacturer.
3
Q
3
What type of schedule is this? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A
This is a graphic representation of a critical path method (CPM) schedule.
4
Q
4
What type of scheduling chart looks like a bar graph?
A
A Gantt chart.
5
Q
5
What client-approved document should be available to the designer before the schematic design process begins?
A
Good business practice requires that a client-approved program be available before this phase of work begins.
6
Q
6
What are 5 of the most common variable that can affect the cost of a project when bidding occurs?
A
- actual costs to the contractor and subcontractors
- current competitiveness of the market
- project schedule
- desire of a contractor to get the job
- level of profit required by the contractor
7
Q
7
On an interior construction project, who is responsible for the final electrical drawings?
A
The electrical engineer.
8
Q
8
Which consultant is responsible for designing new openings in the floor of an existing building?
A
Structural engineer.
9
Q
9
Which consultant must assist the interior designer with a project requires installation of heavy equipment?
A
Structural engineer.
10
Q
10
Who may design a building’s sprinkler system?
A
Mechanical engineer, fire protection engineer or fire protection contractor.
11
Q
11
In determining the total time required for a project, who is responsible for estimating the construction time?
A
The contractor.
12
Q
12
Who is responsible for determining the accuracy and completeness of dimensions, detail and quantities on shop drawings?
A
The contractor.
13
Q
13
Who is responsible for providing any laboratory tests, inspection, and reports required by the contract documents?
A
The owner.
14
Q
14
What is involved in generating a fee projection?
A
The total fee the designer will receive, after amounts for profit, overhead and other expenses are deducted is allocated to the schedule and to the various staff members who will be completing the project.
15
Q
15
What four tasks does the interior designer normally perform during the schematic design phase of a project?
A
- diagrams and drawings showing the general functional relationship required by the project.
- develops preliminary space plans.
- prepares design concepts, including color, finishes and furniture.
- prepares a preliminary statement of probably project costs.
16
Q
16
What is the difference between a contractor’s general overhead and project overhead?
A
Contractor’s general overhead is the cost of running a business.
Project overhead is the expenses incurred in completing a specific job that are not, labor, material or equipment.
17
Q
17
What is the parameter method?
A
This method of estimating allows the interior designed to itemize components along with their unit costs.
18
Q
18
What is life-cycle cost analysis?
A
A method of determining the total cost of a building or building component or system. Initial costs are added to the costs of financing, operation, maintenance, and disposal, estimated over the useful life of the material or system.
19
Q
19
When a project is complete, who takes ownership of the contract documents?
A
The interior designer.
20
Q
20
What is considered to be the project cost?
A
This is the total cost to the owner of all components of a project, including construction, furniture, equipment, the contractor’s overhead and profit and the costs of managing or supervising construction.
21
Q
21
What kinds of expenses are NOT included in the project cost?
A
designer’s fees, consultant’s fees, financing cost
22
Q
22
What are the four stages of a product’s life cycle cost?
A
- raw material acquisition
- manufacturing
- use and maintenance
- disposal
23
Q
23
What is embodied energy?
A
The energy required for extraction, processing and subsequent manufacture into a finished product.
24
Q
24
In terms of sustainability, what are primary advantages and disadvantages of aluminum as a construction material?
A
high potential for recycling, but requires a lot of energy for manufacture.
25
25
| What are volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?
Chemicals the contain carbon and hydrogen that vaporize at room temperature.
26
26
| What are post-industrial (or pre-consumer) materials?
scrap or trim materials generated in the manufacturing process and diverted from solid waste.
27
27
| What does post-consumer mean?
A material that has served its intended use and has been recovered from waste destined for disposal.
28
28
| What is outgassing?
This is the release of toxic gases from a material, typically after the material has been installed.
29
29
| What is the primary concern related to indoor air quality and paint?
the level of VOCs
30
30
| What is sustainable design?
Various strategies to achieve a balance between the consumption of environmental resources and the renewal of those resources throughout the life cycle of a building.
31
31
| What is the minimum diameter of a circle in which a wheelchair can turn?
5'-0"
32
32
When a door is approached perpendicularly to its opening, what is the minimum maneuvering clearance for wheelchair access at the strike side of the door opening on the pull side of the door?
18"
33
33
| How high above the floor must a grab bar be mounted?
33-36" aff.
34
34
| What is the maximum allowable slope for an accessible ramp?
1:12, 8.33%
35
35
In addition to a specific diameter and mounting height, what other handrail feature is required on an accessible stairway?
This feature must extend beyond the upper and lower risers.
36
36
| Where are detectable warnings required?
Walking surfaces in front of hazardous vehicular areas.
37
37
| According to ADAAG regulations, what is the maximum vertical reach dimension for accessibility?
For both front and side, 48".
38
38
| What is the minimum clear floor space required to accommodate one stationary wheelchair?
30"x48"
39
39
| What is the minimum dimension for the space labeled A? {INSERT IMAGE HERE} its the clear space inside a door frame.
32"
40
40
| What is the minimum clear width of an accessible toilet stall?
60"
41
41
| To be classified as accessible, what is the maximum allowable vertical change in floor level?
1/4"
42
42
| For an accessible ramp, what is the maximum rise allowed between landings?
30"
43
43
| According to ADAAG regulations, what two types of alarms are required for accessibility?
Audible and visual
44
44
| For a corridor in commercial construction, what minimum width is required, and what width is recommended?
44" is required, but 60" is recommended
45
45
| What are 2 types of sustainable wood flooring?
- bamboo
| - palm wood
46
46
| What does the certificate of occupancy letter provide?
This letter is issued by the authority having jurisdiction and allows the client to occupy a building or proportion of a building after the final inspection.
47
47
| What is the primary model building code used in the United States?
IBC (International Building Code)
48
48
| In the United States, what document gives jurisdictions the basic authority to adopt and enforce building codes?
the tenth amendment gives police powers to the states, which in turn either use that authority to adopt codes or pass that authority to local jurisdictions.
49
49
| What two types of product labels does the Underwriters Laboratories provide?
- Listed Labels
| - Classified Labels
50
50
| What is the Steiner tunnel test, ASTM E84?
Surface burning characteristics or finish materials and the smoke developed index of the same materials.
51
51
| According to the IBC what is a fire partition and where is it used?
A wall assembly having a fire-resistance rating of one-hour. Used in:
- walls separating dwelling units
- walls separating guest rooms in Group R-1, R-2 and I-1
- walls separating tenant spaces in covered malls
- corridor walls
52
52
| What two situations require the construction of a fire barrier?
- A separation where there are different occupancies.
| - Enclosure where there are vertical exits.
53
53
What is the maximum percentage of wall or ceiling area that combustible trim (such as trim made of wood) can occupy in a room?
no more than 10% of a wall or ceiling area.
54
54
| What is an occupancy class, and what is it used for?
This is a usage classification assigned to a building or an interior space. It differentiates various types of fire hazards and the life-safety characteristics of various uses.
55
55
| What is an accessory occupancy?
This is a space or room that is used in conjunction with the main occupancy but containing no more than 10% of the floor area of the main occupancy.
56
56
| What is an incidental use area?
This is an area that is ancillary to the main occupancy, but has the same classification. It must be separated from the main occupancy by a fire barrier, be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, or both.
57
57
| What is the fire-resistance-rated glazing?
This is glass or some other glazing material that has been tested according to ASTM E119 as part of a fire-resistance-rated wall assembly.
58
58
| In regard to interior design, what is a guard, and what dimension must it have in commercial construction?
This is a building component installed to prevent falls from an elevated area. Its required minimum height is 42" above the floor.
59
59
| What are the three parts of a means of egress?
- Exit access
- Exit
- Exit discharge
60
60
| What is an exit passageway?
This is a horizontal, fully enclosed, fire-resistance-rated portion of an exit that is used only as a means of egress to an exit discharge or a public way.
61
61
| What is an occupant load factor?
The amount of floor space that the building code presumes is occupied by one person in a particular occupancy.
62
62
| How is occupant load of a space calculated?
To calculate this value for a space, the total area in square feet is divided by the occupant load factor.
63
63
| What is a common path of egress travel?
The portion of an exit access that occupants are required to traverse before two separate and distinct paths of egress travel to two exits become available.
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64
| What are the two main factors in determining if a space requires two exits rather than just one?
The space occupancy and occupant load.
65
65
In a building that has been fully equipped with sprinklers, when 2 exits are required in a space, what is the minimum separation required?
1/3 the diagonal
66
66
| What is an exit access travel distance?
This is the distance an occupant must travel from the most remote point within a building to the entrance of the nearest exit.
67
67
| How is minimum width calculated?
Multiply the occupant load of a space by the appropriate factor given the building code.
68
68
| For an occupant load greater than 50, what is the absolute minimum corridor width?
44"
69
69
| Within a means of egress system, what are exit access areas?
Areas that do not provide a protected path of travel and which lead to the entrance of an exit.
70
70
| What is the maximum allowable projection of a door into a corridor when the door is fully open?
7"
71
71
| What is the minimum clear width of an exit door?
32" clear
72
72
| In commercial construction, what is the maximum height of a stair riser, and what is the minimum depth of a stair tread?
7" riser height
| 11" tread depth
73
73
| What is an area of refuge?
The area of a building where person unable to use stairways can safely await instructions or assistance during an emergency evacuation.
74
74
If an object is between 27" and 80" above the floor, what is the maximum allowable protrusion of that object from the wall?
4"
75
75
| What are two types of glazing that can be used in hazardous locations and what test must they pass?
- Tempered
- Laminated
- Must pass 16 CFR 1201, Category II
76
76
| In regard to building codes, what are reference standards?
Standards written by standards-writing organizations (rather that by the authors of a building code) that are made part of a code by specific reference.
77
77
| What is a public way?
This is any street, alley, or similar parcel of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky that is at least 10' wide and permanently appropriated to the public.
78
78
| Under what conditions would a wood veneer not have to adhere to flame spread requirements?
When it is less than .036 thick and applied to a noncombustible material, those requirements do not apply.
79
79
| What is displacement ventilation?
Air distribution in which supply air originates at the floor level and rises to return air grilles in the ceiling.
80
80
| What is a three-way switch?
Allows users to control a device from 2 different locations.
81
81
| What are the two most important variable in controlling sound transmission through a building element?
- Mass
| - Stiffness
82
82
| What is the sound transmission class (STC) of a partition?
A single number rating of a partition's ability to reduce sound transmission.
83
83
| In a large room, where is the most effective place to install a sound-absorbing material?
Ceiling
84
84
| What are five basic ways to control sound transmission through a partition?
- increase mass
- provide additional resilience
- Insulate the cavity
- Seal all crack between components
- Provide sealed openings, such as doors and windows.
85
85
| What are some ways to increase speech privacy in a large space?
- Absorptive ceiling material
- Space dividers to reduce sound transmission
- create distance between noisy activities
- arrange hard surfaces to minimize reflected sound
- use a well-designed background masking system
86
86
| What is a daylight factor?
This is the ratio of the indoor illuminance at a point on a horizontal surface to the unobstructed exterior horizontal lluminance.
87
87
| What type of construction element is shown, and what are the components labeled A, B, and C?
The illustration shows a section of a standard wood doorframe in a wood stud partition, including the stop (A), casing trim (B), and shim (C)
88
88
| What are the components of a fire-rated door assembly?
Door (including glazing), frame, hardware
89
89
| What is a sole plate?
Horizontal wood member that serves as the base for the studs in a wood stud partition.
90
90
| What are the common differences between residential and commercial construction of wallboard partitions?
residential is typically 2x4 wood studs with 1/2" wallboard, while commercial uses metal studs with 5/8" wallboard.
91
91
| In this diagram of a door opening, what are the components labeled A, B and C?
A-Head
B-jamb
C-threshold (or sill)
92
92
| What type of construction element is shown, and what are the components labeled A and B?
This is suspended gypsum wallboard ceiling
A-cold-rolled steel channel
B-furring channel (hat channel)
93
93
| What four characteristics distinguish a fire-rated suspended acoustical ceiling from a non-rated standard ceiling?
- it is part of an entire fire-rated floor/ceiling assembly
- its tiles must be rated mineral tiles
- it uses hold down clips
- it must have expansion slots in the grid.
94
94
| What are the two major types of concrete structural systems?
- cast in place
| - pre-cast
95
95
| What type of concrete system is likely to be found where floor-to-floor heights are kept to a minimum?
Flat plate
96
96
| What are live loads?
People, furniture, and movable equipment
97
97
| What type of load is created on a building by the force of wind or an earthquake?
Lateral
98
98
| What is required at the top of a partition to accommodate deflection of the floor above?
A slip joint.
99
99
| What is a core drill?
A hole with a 2-4" diameter drilled through a concrete floor to accommodate conduits for electrical, telephone and data wiring.
100
100
| Why should post-tensioned concrete slabs never be cut into?
The tendons of this construction element should not be cut because they are under high stress.
101
101
| What are joists, and what are they typically made of?
These are horizontal repetitive elements used to support floors. They are typically made from wood members with a nominal width of 2".
102
102
| What is the typical spacing for residential studs and joists?
16" on center
103
103
| What is a chase wall?
2 runs of studs separated by a space large enough to accommodate pipes.
104
104
| What is an access door?
A opening used to provide access to mechanical and electrical components behind walls.
105
105
| What is a dedicated circuit?
This is a circuit that contains a single electrical outlet.
106
106
| What is a compartmentation in interior design?
The practice of separating areas of a building with fire-rated construction in order to contain a fire to one area and limit its spread.
107
107
| What two methods are used to measure speech privacy in open offices?
- articulation class
| - articulation index
108
108
| What are four types of fire detection devices?
- photoelectric detectors
- rise-of-temperature detectors
- ionization detectors
- flame detectors
109
109
| What are five causes of building movement that must be considered when detailing?
- dead load deflection
- lateral loading (wind and seismic)
- Water absorption
- live load deflection
- temperature change
110
110
| What is a tolerance?
Allowable variation from a given line, dimension or size.
111
111
| What is char?
The material remaining after an incomplete combustion.
112
112
| What is considered a minimum coefficient of friction for safety?
.5 is the minimum for safety.
113
113
| What is the 701 test?
This is a common name for the vertical ignition test developed by the National Fire Protection Association, which is used to test the flammability of draperies, curtains and other window treatments.
114
114
| What is the CAL TB 133 Test?
This test evaluates the response of an actual sample of furniture to an open flame. It is also known as NFPA 266 or the full seating test.
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115
| What is the Wyzenbeek test (also known as ASTM D4157) used for?
Abrasion resistance of woven textile fabrics.
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116
| What does "FOB factory" mean?
FOB factory means that the title for goods purchased is transferred at the factory. The manufacturer pays for loading the goods onto a truck or train, and the buyer pays the transportation costs and is responsible for damage during shipping.
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117
| Who is responsible for making the acceptance inspection of furniture or fixtures?
owner
118
118
| What is stain resistance?
This is a material's resistance to a change in appearance after the application and removal of another material.
119
119
| What fabric is made from the fibers of the flax plant?
Linen
120
120
| What is fuzzing?
The appearance of a fabric when small fibers work out of the yarn onto the surface.
121
121
| What are three common cushion materials?
From highest flammability resistance to lowest are:
- polyester batting
- polyurethane foam
- cellulosic batting
122
122
| What is indentation load deflection?
A measure of the firmness of foam used for furniture.
123
123
| What are the six basic components of an owner-vendor agreement (or owner-contractor agreement)?
- Agreement itself
- The conditions of the contract (general, supplemental and other)
- The drawings
- The specifications
- All Addenda
- All modification issued after the execution of the agreement.
124
124
| What are five of the responsibilities of the owner during furniture installation?
- Provide facilities for delivery, unloading and staging.
- Provide a route from the delivery point to the final placement point.
- Give a firm schedule to the contractor for unloading facilities.
- Pay costs due to failure to conform to schedule.
- Provide security.
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125
| How is the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) important to interior design projects?
Governs the sale of goods in the United States and is applicable to the purchase and delivery of furniture and other moveable items.
126
126
| What is the commonly used measure of a flooring material's slip resistance?
The coefficient of friction (COF) is typically used as a measure of this characteristic of a flooring material.
127
127
| On an interior construction project, what is a contractor's typical profit range (as a percentage)?
5-15%
128
128
| What is a cost index and how is it used?
This number relates construction or other costs to a base amount. It is used to account for the variables of geographical location and inflation over time.
129
129
| What is a discount rate?
The number used to convert future costs to their equivalent present values.
130
130
| What is the thin-set method of installing stone flooring?
This methpd of installing stone flooring uses either a special mortar about 1/8" thick or an adhesive.
131
131
| In this terrazzo floor section, what are the components labeled A, B and C? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A- A divider strip
B-A welded wire fabric reinforcing
C- Cleavage membrane on top of the sand cushion
132
132
| What are the two broad classifications of paint?
- water based
| - solvent based
133
133
| In terms of wallpaper installation, what is a drop match?
When one piece must be raised or lowered in relation to adjacent pieces to continue the pattern.
134
134
| What are four common ways to install fabric wallcovering?
- directly using adhesive
- custom fabric panels
- proprietary stretch-wall system
- acoustic panels
135
135
| What is tackable acoustic fiberglass?
A non-combustible fibrous glass mat bonded with a resinous binder and formed into a rigid board with a finish of thin, rigid fiberglass mesh.
136
136
| What is high-pressure decorative laminate? (HPDL)?
Commonly use don millwork, made from kraft paper overlaid with a patterned or colored sheet and a layer of melamine resin.
137
137
| What are the four basic types of traditional wood flooring?
- strip
- plank
- block
- end-grain block
138
138
| What are four disadvantages of using a thick-set application for stone flooring?
- added weight to the subfloor
- longer installation time
- additional thickness
- additional cost
139
139
| What are the three grades of vinyl wallcovering?
- Type I: light duty
- Type II: medium duty
- Type III: heavy duty
140
140
| What is the primary benefit of using a hydrophobic fabric wallcovering?
This does not absorb water and hold moisture and it does not sag or distort.
141
141
| What quarter sawing?
A method of sawing lumber in which the saw cut line is mostly perpendicular to the tree rings in a quarter section of the log.
142
142
| Which method of sawing or slicing veneers produces a characteristic cathedral grain pattern in most species of wood?
plain sawing or plain slicing.
143
143
| What is a flitch?
The collection of veneers that have been sliced off the same log.
144
144
| What is a purchase order and why is it used?
This form gives the receiving party all the necessary information to supply goods or services and authorizes the purchase of the items listed on the form.
145
145
| What 3 safety factors must be considered when selecting construction materials and detailing?
- structural
- fire
- human contact
146
146
| When are furniture specifications used?
On large commercial projects when the designer and client want bids from one or more dealers for the items and accessories to be purchased and when the dealers will be accepting responsibility for ordering, installing and billing the client.
147
147
| What is the purpose of a performance specification?
This shows what results the final construction assembly must achieve without stating exactly what the product must be or what procedures must be followed.
148
148
| What is a proprietary specification?
This is the most restrictive kind of specification because it requires the use of specific manufactures' products.
149
149
| What parts of a specification should include requirements for sustainability?
Division 01, General Requirements and in each appropriate technical section. Includes: energy efficiency, indoor air quality, etc.
150
150
| Which CSI division would contain the specifications for interior signage?
Division 10, specialties.
151
151
| Which CSI division would contain the specifications for doors?
Division 08, Openings.
152
152
| What does a design office use to maintain consistency, completeness and accuracy when writing specifications?
master specification or guide specifications.
153
153
| What type of specification specifies a proprietary material while still satisfying requirements for public bidding?
A base-bid or approved equal.
154
154
| What is a reference standard specification?
This document describes the requirements for a product or process based on an accepted authority or test method, such as ASTM, ANSI or a trade association.
155
155
| At a minimum, which five items should be on the cover sheet of a set of drawings?
- An index
- Information required by the building department
- Standard abbreviations and symbols used
- General Notes
- Designer's and consultants' names and contact information
156
156
| What building code information is typically required on the cover sheet of a set of interior design drawings?
- occupancy category(ies)
- construction type
- area of the interior space
- occupant load
- whether the building is sprinklered
157
157
Where should the interior designer go to verify what specific drawings are required to be submitted to the building department?
The local authority having jurisdiction (building department) can verify this requirement for required documents.
158
158
| What is a key plan?
A very small-scale plan of a large building used on a floor plan sheet. It shows by shaded area which part of the larger building is drawn on that particular sheet.
159
159
| What is a site plan?
This is an overhead view of a building showing the roof of the building and surrounding site development.
160
160
| What is the purpose of blocking when shown on a woodwork detail?
This construction element is placed in a partition cavity to provide for secure attachment of woodwork to the partition.
161
161
| What is furring and why is it used?
Either wood strip or light-gage metal, is used as an intermediate attachment when wallboard is applied over concrete or concrete block, or when additional depth is needed for electrical outlets or insulation.
162
162
| What type of glazing must be used for hazardous location, such as sliding glass doors?
tempered or laminated glass.
163
163
| Where would the exact methods of fabricating the interior designer's millwork design be show?
Millwork shop drawings.
164
164
| What is the term for veneers that form a mirror image?
Book matching
165
165
| What are joists?
Horizontal, repetitive wood or metal structural members used to support the floor.
166
166
| Who is generally responsible for providing the construction drawings for a commercial kitchen?
Kitchen or food consultant.
167
167
| What are two purposes of a vent pipe?
- Allow sewer gases to escape
| - Prevent siphoning of water out of traps
168
168
| Where should the interior designer look to locate possible conflicts with ducts and other piping?
Mechanical and plumbing plans
169
169
| On the electrical engineer's power plan how is a dedicated outlet indicated?
A single home run indication to a circuit breaker box.
170
170
What information is always shown on the electrical engineer's lighting plan but not always on the interior designer's reflected ceiling plan?
Switching.
171
171
| What is the purpose of a plumbing trap?
Holds water and prevents sewer gases from entering the building.
172
172
| Which CSI MasterFormat division would contain the specifications for acoustical ceilings?
Division 09, Finishes
173
173
| What type of specification should be used for a manufacturer's custom-etched glass panels?
Proprietary
174
174
| What type of specification could be used for gypsum wallboard?
A reference standard specification could be used.
175
175
| Which CSI MasterFormat division would contain the specification for furniture?
Division 12, Fursnishings
176
176
| What is another term for raised panel construction?
Stile and rail paneling is another term for this type of construction.
177
177
| What is performance bond?
This is a statement by a surety company that obligates the surety company to complete construction of the owner's project is the contractor defaults.
178
178
| What is the purpose of a labor and materials payment bond?
To guarantee payment for labor and materials on a project if the contractor defaults or otherwise fails to make payments.
179
179
| At an owner's request, a contractor may include alternates in the bid documents. What is an alternate?
A construction item that could be substituted for a similar item in the base bid to reduce project costs.
180
180
| What is a unit price?
A set cost for providing a portion of the construction work that is based on an individual quantity such as per unit or per square foot.
181
181
| What is an allowance in interior design?
This is a set amount of money that the interior designer estimates will cover the cost of a particular item (construction or furnishing) when that cost cannot be determined precisely at the time of the bid or negotiated proposal.
182
182
| What are 4 types of written modification that can be made after the execution of a contract?
- change order
- amendment
- a written order for minor changes in the work
- a written interpretation by the interior designer
183
183
| What is retainage (holdback in Canada)?
A percentage (usually 10%) of each payment to a contractor or vendor that is withheld by the owner for the purpose of protecting the owner against incomplete or defective work.
184
184
| What form does a vendor or contractor use to request a payment from the owner?
Application for payment.
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185
| In regard to interior design, what is substantial completion?
The stage when the work or a designated portion of it is sufficiently complete according to the contract documents that the owner can occupy or use the site even though a few minor items may yet need to be finished or corrected.
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186
| Who has the authority to stop construction?
owner
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187
| What is a change order?
A form used to authorize a change in the contract time, cost or both made after the execution of the contract. Prepared by the interior designer and signed by the designer, owner and contractor.
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188
| What are shop drawings?
Detailed drawing diagrams and other data prepared by a subcontractor or supplier that show exactly how the provider intends to supply and install work to meet the contract requirements. The are submitted to the contractor and designer for approval.
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| What is the basic process for getting approval on submittals from subcontractors or supplier?
- the submittal is sent to the general contractor, who reviews it then send to the interior designer.
- It it requires review by a consultant it is sent to the consultant.
- The submittal is sent back to the contractor who returns it to whoever made the submittal.
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| What are the interior designers obligations during construction observation?
- Become generally familiar with the progress and quality of the work.
- Keep the owner informed about the progress of the work.
- Endeavor to guard the owner against defects in the work.
- Determine, in general, if the work is progressing in such a way that it is in accordance with the contract documents.
