FX Flashcards
(238 cards)
1
Q
1
In terms of the programming process, what re 3 limitation of behavior observation as a technique for gathering information?
A
- It cannot address why people are behaving the way they are.
- It is only valid for one period of time.
- It is accurate only when implemented by a skilled practitioner.
2
Q
2
What 4 methods of gathering information are used in the programming process?
A
- client interview
- questionnaires
- observation
- field surveys
3
Q
3
What is a common way to determine the floor area required for an activity?
A
Multiply the are required per person by the number of people.
4
Q
4
What range of percentages do space-planning efficiency ratios typically fall within?
A
60-80%
5
Q
5
What is the net area or net assignable area of a building?
A
This is the actual area needed to accommodate specific functions, without taking into account primary circulation space or support space.
6
Q
6
In a leased space, what is considered to be rentable area?
A
This is the area available for assignment to a tenant with the perimeter walls of the tenant space, as well as private corridors, walls and columns within the tenant space. This area may also include a proportionate shar of public corridors, rest rooms, and elevator lobbies shared by all tenants.
7
Q
7
In a leased space, what is considered to be usable area?
A
Usable area is the area actually used for the space’s intended purpose, in addition to circulation spaces within the leased space and partitions and columns within the space.
8
Q
8
What is the efficiency factor of a leased space?
A
This is the ratio of net area to usable area in the leased space.
9
Q
9
What 2 things must a designer know about a space before the necessary number of exits can be determined?
A
Floor area and occupancy group
10
Q
10
What are nine common biological contaminants often found in buildings?
A
- Mildew
- Mold
- Animal Dander
- Insects
- Mites
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Pollen
- Dust
11
Q
11
What are five common hazardous materials found in existing buildings?
A
- Lead
- Asbestos
- PCBs
- Radon
- Vermiculite
12
Q
12
What is adaptive reuse?
A
This is the practice of reusing existing buildings and materials from buildings as much as possible.
13
Q
13
What is programming?
A
This is the process undertaken before design during which all pertinent information about a project is collected and analyzed.
14
Q
14
According to the book Problem Seeking by William Pena, et al., what are the five steps in the programming process?
A
- Establish goals
- collect facts
- uncover concepts
- determine needs
- state the problem
15
Q
15
How does a programmatic concept differ from a design concept?
A
A programmatic concept in a performance requirement that is related to general methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need.
A design concept is a specific physical response that is an attempt to satisfy the programmatic concept.
16
Q
16
In terms of the programming process what are the 3 components of flexibility?
A
- expandability
- convertibility
- versatility
17
Q
17
What are the four possible ratings for a LEED certified project?
A
- certified
- silver
- gold
- platinum
18
Q
18
What type of workflow is represented by this diagram? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A
Departmental workflow.
19
Q
19
What type of conceptual plan arrangement could be used as a non-directional way to focus attention of a space?
A
A centralized plan.
20
Q
20
What type of circulation pattern is generally the most efficient and flexible?
A
A linear layout or dumbbell layout.
21
Q
21
What voluntary, consensus-based national standard for developing high performance, sustainable buildings was established by the US Green Building Council?
A
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED).
22
Q
22
What activities does the Greenguard Environmental Institute conduct?
A
This organization tests products for acceptable indoor air quality standards and registers the products it certifies.
23
Q
23
What 3 activities does Scientific Certification Systems conduct?
A
Certifies:
- Environmentally related product attributes
- Environmentally preferable products
- Well-managed forests
24
Q
24
What is the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)?
A
This is a nonprofit organization devoted to encouraging the responsible management of the world’s forest.
25
25
| What type of conceptual plan arrangement is represented here {INSERT IMAGE HERE}?
An axial plan.
26
26
| What type of volumetric relationship could be used to functionally and perceptually link two space?
An overlapping relationship.
27
27
In accessibility regulations, what type of provision might require that a certain percentage of seating in an area be accessible?
A scoping provision.
28
28
| What is a design concept?
This is an idea or statement concerning an overall physical response to ideas developed during programming.
29
29
| What is mixed occupancy?
This is a situation where a single building or interior space houses two or more different types of occupancies.
30
30
| How many construction types are there, and which has the highest fire resistance?
5, Type I
31
31
| What is territoriality?
Human behavior that attempts to lay claim to space and give a sense of self-identity.
32
32
| What is proxemics?
The study of the degree of spatial separation that people maintain while interacting, and how these distances are related to social, environmental and cultural factors.
33
33
| In proxemics, as described by Edward T. Hall, what are the names of the four distances (starting with the closest)?
- intimate
- personal
- social
- public
34
34
| What theory did Abraham Maslow propose?
This American psychologist proposed a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from basic needs, such as for food and water, to more advanced needs, such as for self-actualization, order and beauty.
35
35
Which of the table and seating configurations shown here is most appropriate for a committee meeting? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A circular table and seating configuration (option B) tend to foster cooperation, which makes it most appropriate for the type of activity.
36
36
| What is a design theory?
This is a mental construct, based on a philosophy or set of beliefs, that is used to direct a design.
37
37
| What is Gestalt psychology?
This is theory of psychology asserts that people perceive their environment as a whole and add structure to what they see.
38
38
| What psychological principle is illustrates by out ability to see 2 triangles in this diagram? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
Closure or form constancy in Gestalt psychology.
39
39
| In Gestalt psychology, what is grouping?
This is the tendency to perceive separate elements in a visual field as a single whole.
40
40
| In Gestalt psychology, what is perceptual constancy?
This is the tendency to perceive a familiar object or space as essentially the same in spite of changes in position viewing angle, lighting and so on.
41
41
| What are some of the visual cues through which people perceive depth and distance?
- Linear perspective
- atmospheric perspective
- texture perspective
- interposition
- closeness of objects to the horizon line
- relative size difference
42
42
| In design, what is regionalism?
Social or cultural influence on a design that reflects a particular geographical area.
43
43
| What are the six elements of designs?
- Form
- Scale
- Color
- Texture
- Pattern
- Light
44
44
| What basic form is the intersection of a wall and a ceiling perceived as?
a line
45
45
| What types of forms are represented by the niche and vase shown?
The niche is a volumetric form defined by 5 enclosing planes. It is a void, or negative space, because the perceived volume is not solid and is defined by other objects.
The vase is a solid volume, or positive space.
46
46
| In design, what is scale?
The relative size of an object or element in comparison to another element of known size.
47
47
| What are the true primary colors of pigment?
cyan, magenta, yellow
48
48
| What is hue?
The most basic color classification, for example, it distinguishes yellow from blue.
49
49
| In terms of color, what is intensity or chroma?
The degree of purity of a hue when compared to a neutral gray of the same value.
50
50
| What are the two names by which this diagram is known? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This is the Brewster, or Prang, color system, often simply known as the color wheel.
51
51
| That three terms does the Munsell color system use to define colors?
- hue
- value
- chroma
52
52
| What is simultaneous contrast?
This is the phenomenon in which a color seems to change when placed against differently colored backgrounds.
53
53
| What is an analogous color scheme?
This is a color scheme using hues that are close to each other in the color wheel.
54
54
| Which design element can be perceived through the senses of both touch and sight?
Texture.
55
55
| What is pattern?
The repetition of a decorative motif on a surface.
56
56
| What are the three primary colors of light?
red, green, blue.
57
57
| What are the 6 principles of design?
- balance
- harmony and unity
- rhythm
- emphasis and focus
- contrast and variety
- proportion
58
58
| What is asymmetrical balance?
This is the arrangement of dissimilar elements within a visual field such that the composition appears balanced even though the elements are not grouped around a common axis.
59
59
| What is visual weight?
This is the perception that some objects are heavier than other by nature of their size, shape, complexity, color, texture or location in space.
60
60
| What is radial balance?
This is the uniform arrangement of elements about a central point.
61
61
| In regard to interior design, what is harmony?
This is a characteristic of a comparison in which all the elements of the interior seem to belong together and to reinforce the overall design theme.
62
62
| What is gradation, and what design principle is it derived from?
This design principle is a variation of rhythm. It described cases where the size, color or value of a design element is slightly modified.
63
63
| What design principle is often achieved by placing a element in a prominent position or by using special lighting?
Emphasis and focus
64
64
| What is contrast in interior design?
This is intentional juxtaposition of dissimilar elements within a design to create emphasis.
65
65
| How does proportion differ from scale?
Proportion is the size relationship between objects or elements in a space.
Scale is the relative size of an object or element in comparison to another element of known size (often the human body).
66
66
| What does this diagram represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
The Golden Section
67
67
| What is the value of the golden ratio?
(1 + the square root of 5) / 2
| or 1.618
68
68
| What is the Fibonacci sequence?
The first 2 terms are 0 and 1 and each number that follows is the sum or the previous two.
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21.......
69
69
| What is ergonomics?
This is the study of the relations between human physiology and the physical environment.
70
70
| In what 3 ways does the human body lose heat?
- convection
- evaporation
- radiation
71
71
People seated along the edge of a table should be provided with a comfortable amount of space between one another. What is the acceptable range for the amount of space per person?
24-30" per person
72
72
| What is anthropometrics?
The practice of measuring the size, proportion, and range of motion of the human bod.
73
73
| What is a safety data sheet? (SDS)
This is a document provided by a manufacturer containing information about the physical makeup of a substance, proper storage and handling procedures, and other safety issues.
74
74
| What is composite wood veneer?
This is a product a made by slicing readily available, fast-growing trees into veneers, dyeing the veneers, and then gluing them together to create an artificial log. The log is then re-sliced to produce a variety of wood veneers,
75
75
| What is a clerestory?
This is a vertically glazed area placed between two different roof levels to admit natural light.
76
76
| What is the unit of measure for the frequency of sound?
The hertz (Hz) is the unit of measure for this and is equal to one cycle per second.
77
77
| What is the unit of measure for sound intensity, based on a logarithmic scale?
The decibel (dB) is the unit of measure for this.
78
78
| What do most people perceive when a sound increases by 10 dB?
When a sound increases by this amount, most people perceive a doubling in loudness.
79
79
| What frequency range can be heard by most healthy young people?
This range is 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
80
80
| What is the coefficient of absorption?
This is the ratio of the sound intensity absorbed by a material to the total sound intensity reaching the material.
81
81
| What is the noise reduction coefficient (NRC)?
This is a single-number average of a material's coefficients of absorption at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, and 2000 Hz, rounded to the nearest 0.05.
82
82
| What is reverberation time?
This is the time it takes for the sound level in a space to decrease 60 dB after the source has stopped producing the sound.
83
83
| What is the ceiling attenuation class (CAC)?
This is a single-number measure of the transmission loss through ceiling tiles between two closed rooms where there is no barrier above the suspended ceiling.
84
84
What percentage range of a commercial building's total energy use is typically devoted to electric lighting and the cooling it requires?
30-40%
85
85
| What are the three most common types of interior glazing?
- Float
- Tempered
- Laminated
86
86
| What are the primary elements used to make bronze?
Copper and tin
87
87
| What is a concrete masonry unit?
This building product, abbreviated CMU, is also commonly known as concrete block.
88
88
| What is mean radiant temperature?
This is a measure of the heat a person gains/loses to the surroundings through radiation. It is used to assess home comfortable a room is.
The value is a weighted average of the various surface temperatures in a room (taking into account an occupant's angle of exposure to these surfaces) and any sunlight present.
89
89
| What are the standard depths of metal studs?
```
1 5/8"
2 1/2"
3 5/8"
4"
6"
```
90
90
| What is the generic name for fire-rated gypsum board?
Type X
91
91
| What are 4 advantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
- hard and abrasion resistant
- water resistant
- easily formed into curved and ornate surfaces
- a good base for wall tile
92
92
| What are 4 disadvantages of using portland cement plaster as a finish material?
- more expensive than gypsum wallboard
- slower to construct with
- wet and messy to work with
- challenging to work with, thus requires more-skilled labor
93
93
| What is a pivot?
This is a type of hardware used to hang door. It consists of a rotating bottom pin and a corresponding pin at the top of the door.
94
94
| In regards to construction, what is a plenum?
In commercial construction, this is the space between the building structural roof or floor and the suspended ceiling.
95
95
| What effect does an acoustical ceiling have on sound?
This construction element mainly absorbs sound.
96
96
| Stainless steel is primarily an alloy of steel and an additional element. Which one?
Chromium is added to steel to create stainless steel.
97
97
| What process occurs when dissimilar metals are in contact in the presence of water?
Galvanic action. A form of electrochemical corrosion is which one metal gives up electrons to the other, corroding quickly, while slowing the other metal's corrosion.
98
98
| What type of steel floor or roof framing system provides generous space in both direction for pipes, ducts and conduit?
Open-web steel joist system.
99
99
| What type of precast structural member is often used to provide support as a beam and as floor decking?
A double-tee
100
100
What electrical components are required for switches, outlets, lights and location where electrical conductors have been spliced?
Junction boxes
101
101
| What is a ground fault interrupter?
This is an electrical safety device that detects small current leaks and disconnects the power to a circuit.
102
102
| What are the components labeled A through D and what purpose does each serve? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A- Stack vent: connects to a soil or waste stack above the highest fixture.
B- Vent stack: a vent pipe that is separate from a soil of waste stack
C- Soil Stack: carries human waste
D- Waste stack: carries waste other than human waste
103
103
| What is the purpose of a plumbing trap?
Holds water to provide a seal that prevents gases from the sewage system from entering the building.
104
104
| What is an intumescent material?
A material, when exposed to heat, expands rapidly and insulates of fills spaces to prevent the passage of fire and smoke.
105
105
| What are the components labeled A through D?
A- run of stairs
B- tread
C- nosing
D- riser
106
106
| What is a flight in a stairway?
A series of two or more risers between one floor or landing and the next.
107
107
| What is a winding stairway?
This is a type of stairway that has tapered treads that are wider at one end than the other.
108
108
| What 2 materials have largely supplanted plywood in interior construction applications?
Particleboard and medium density fiberboard.
109
109
| What is a jalousie window?
Individual horizontal pieces of glass that all pivot outward at once for ventilation.
110
110
| What is direct glare?
When a light source in the field of vision causes discomfort and interference with a visual task.
111
111
| What is a veiling reflection?
When a reflection causes glare that interferes with a visual task.
112
112
| What is running trim?
Molding installed end to end.
113
113
| Which finish material for woodwork provides the hardest, most durable surface?
Polyester
114
114
| What is lacquer?
A coating material with a high nitrocellulose content that has been modified with resins and plasticizers dissolved in a volatile solvent.
115
115
| What is solid surfacing?
A homogeneous polymer-based surfacing material
116
116
| What organization produces furniture standards that have been adopted by ANSI?
BIFMA: the Business Institutional Furniture Manufacturers Association.
117
117
| What is a furniture factory rep?
A person who works directly for a furniture manufacturer and represents only that manufacturer' s products.
118
118
| What is a line chart?
A document that lists all the products that an independent furniture representative handles.
119
119
| What is the Taber test (ASTM D3884) used for?
Abrasion resistance of carpet and sometimes other textiles.
120
120
| What are some authoritative sources for product information?
- manufacturer's product catalogs
- manufacturer's website
- manufacturer's representatives
- trade associations
- Sweets Network Online
121
121
| What are two places an interior designer could take a client to view furniture directly?
- dealership
| - showroom
122
122
| What is abrasion resistance?
The ability of a material or finish to resist being worn away or to maintain its original appearance when rubbed with another object.
123
123
| What are the main advantages of acrylic as a furniture fabrics?
- moderately good strength
- resilience
- resistance to sunlight
- similarity to wool
124
124
| What are the main advantages of nylon as a furniture fabric?
- exceptional strength
- high resiliency
- high elasticity
- resistance to many chemicals
- resistance to microorganisms
- good water resistance
125
125
| What are 3 common ways to attach fabric to cushioning?
- buttoning
- tufting
- channeling
126
126
| What are roman shades?
A shade that pulls up with a cord into accordion folds.
127
127
| What materials does NFPA 701 test and what condition does it test for?
This test the flammability of draperies, curtains and other window treatments.
128
128
| What are 5 common types of resilient flooring?
- vinyl
- vinyl composition
- rubber
- cork
- linoleum
129
129
| What is velvet carpet?
Made by a simple weaving method that places all the pile yarn on the face of the carpet.
130
130
| What are 4 reasons why carpet cushions are used?
- provide support for the pile yarn
- increase dimensional stability
- provide added strength
- give a softer feel underfoot
131
131
| That type of diagram is this? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
a candlepower distribution diagram
132
132
| How is a tungsten-halogen lamp different from a standard incandescent lamp?
A tungsten-halogen lamp includes a small amount of a halogen with the inert gas and is made from a bulb of quartz. It lasts longer than the incandescent lamp, produces a whiter light, more uniform light over time.
133
133
| How does a high-intensity discharge lamp work?
By passing an electric current through a gas or vapor under high pressure.
134
134
| How is the color temperature of a light source determined?
Based on teh temperature, in degrees Kelvin, to which a black-body radiator would have to be heated to produce the same hue as a particular light source.
135
135
| What is a lumen (abbreviated lm)?
The unit is the amount of luminous flux produced by a point source of one candlepower (candela) in a solid angle of one steradian.
On a sphere with a radius of one unit, an area of one square unit will subtend an angle of one steradian.
136
136
| What is marble?
Metamorphic rock that is converted by heat and pressure from limestone into calcite and/or dolomite.
137
137
| Why would a designer want to use a Wilton carpet?
To produce a complex pattern with different surfaces?
138
138
| In terms of paint, what is the vehicle and how does it work?
The liquid portion, composed of nonvolatile binder and a volatile part called the solvent. The binder combines with the body to form the final film, while the solvent dissolves the binder to allow for application and later either evaporates or dries.
139
139
| What 2 paint types are often used to achieve a very durable surface?
Epoxy and urethane
140
140
| What is illuminance?
The density of luminous flux incident on a surface in lumens per unity area.
In US units, 1 lm uniformly incident on 1 foot squared produces an illuminance of 2 footcandle.
141
141
| What is luminous efficacy?
The ratio of luminous flux emitted by a light source to the tower used by the light source.
142
142
| How does a fluorescent lamp produce light?
A electric arc is formed generating ultraviolet light. When the light strikes the phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp, the phosphor fluoresces, generating visible light.
143
143
| What is a light-emitting diode (LED)?
A semi-conductor device that uses solid-state electrons to create light.
144
144
| What is a color rendition index?
A numerical measure of how well a light source renders the color of an object when compared to the same object lit by a reference source of the same color temperature.
145
145
| What is the coefficient of utilization (CU)?
A measure of how efficiently a luminaire distributes light under various degrees of finish reflectivity.
146
146
| What is bookmatching?
A method of assembling veneers in which every other piece sliced off the log is turned over.
147
147
| What is blueprint matching?
most exacting method of matching veneer panels in a room, such that grain continuity is maintains across door, cabinet and other obstructions.
148
148
| What is composite wood veneer?
A sustainable product of laminated veneers from a from commonly available trees onto an artificial log, which is then sliced to produce the final veneers.
149
149
| What is detailing in interior design?
The process of determining a design's technical requirements--that is, how the individual components will fit together and exactly how they will look.
150
150
| What is a project manual?
contains:
- Technical construction specifications
- contract forms
- general and supplementary conditions of the contract
- bidding requirements (if used)
- supplemental bid forms (if used)
151
151
| What system was created to standardize the organization and writing of specification and what group developed it?
The MasterFormat system was developed by the Construction Specifications Institute and Construction Specifications Canada
152
152
Individual specification sections of the CSI MasterFormat system are divided into 3 parts. What broad subjects do these three parts cover?
- Part 1: General
- Part 2: Products
- Part 3: Execution
153
153
| What are construction drawings?
The detailed drawings the contractor uses to construct a project and describe the extent of the work and the locations, dimensions and relationships of the various construction elements.
154
154
| How is the MasterFormat system organized?
Into major subgroups and individual divisions with each subgroup.
155
155
| What does a typical floor plan show.
This type of drawing shows the overall configuration of a building (or portion of an interior under contract). It includes all partitions, doors and other fixed elements and gives dimensions, notes and references to elevations and details drawn elsewhere.
156
156
| What does a reflected ceiling plan show?
This drawing type shows all items that are part of the ceiling, elements that touch the ceiling and elements that penetrate the ceiling.
157
157
| In regard to construction drawings, what does an elevation show?
It shows vertical elevations and the configurations and finishes of wall surfaces.
158
158
| What is a title block?
This is the area of a drawing sheet that contains identifying information about the project as well as information specific to that particular sheet.
159
159
| In regard to construction drawings, what is layering?
This is the method of placing different information on separate levels in a CAD system when creating a construction drawing.
160
160
| In regard to electrical drawings, what is a home run?
This is a graphic element on an electrical drawing that uses arrowheads to indicate that the line joining lights or power outlets is connected to a particular circuit breaker in a particular electrical panel box.
161
161
| When producing construction drawings for a house remodeling, what type of plan would probably not be necessary?
A demolition plan would not be necessary for this type of project.
162
162
| For a large commercial remodeling project, where is a demolition plan typically placed in the drawing set?
Before the construction plan.
163
163
| In addition to location, a typical construction floor plan shows what two pieces of information for partitions?
Thickness and type of partition.
164
164
| What is a match line?
Where 2 portions of a large floor plan drawn on two sheets would be joined if combined on one large sheet.
165
165
| What is an open dimension and why is it used?
An dimensionless distance in a string of dimension on a floor plan. It is used to accommodate any slight variation caused by the distance being established by other dimensions to existing construction.
166
166
| What are two ways to show partition types on a construction floor plan?
Flag notes and patterns.
167
167
| Why are enlarged floor plans used?
These are used to show construction elements, dimensions, and other annotations that could not be shown on a small-scale plan.
168
168
| Why is the term "reflected" used for reflected ceiling plan?
It has the same orientation as the construction plan.
169
169
| What is shown on the reflected ceiling plan that is also shown on the fire protection plan?
Sprinklers.
170
170
| At what scale should the reflected ceiling plan be drawn?
The same scale as the construction plan.
171
171
| What should be included on the reflected ceiling plan to refer to more detailed luminaire information>
Code numbers that refer to a luminaire schedule should be included.
172
172
| Who is responsible for coordinating the reflected ceiling plan with the electrical engineer's lighting plan?
The interior designer is responsible for coordinating this with the electrical engineer's lighting plan.
173
173
| How would the interior designer determine what circuit a particular outlet is connected to?
Look at the home run designations on the electrical engineer's power plan.
174
174
| How can the interior designer verify that an outlet is a dedicated outlet?
Look at the electrical engineer's power plan to determine if this type of outlet is on a separate circuit.
175
175
Under what circumstances would the electrical engineer develop a telephone/communication plan separate from a power plan?
When a project has a large number of electrical outlets, computer outlets, telephone jacks, and other communication outlets, the electrical engineer would provide two separate plans.
176
176
| What is sometimes shown on a furniture plan in addition to furniture and furniture keynotes?
Electrical and telephone outlets.
177
177
| What should be included on the furniture plan to refer to detailed furniture information?
Code numbers that refer to a furniture schedule or furniture specifications can be included.
178
178
| How is a finish plan different from a finish schedule?
A finish plan consists of a separate floor plan with notations indicating wall, base and floor finishes. A finish schedule consists of a tabular listing of finishes using room numbers to identify the rows of the schedule.
179
179
| What surfaces are typically shown on a finish schedule?
Floor, base, wall and ceiling materials.
180
180
| What does a section detail show in addition to the cut plane?
This type of detail drawing also shows a partial elevation in that it indicates what is beyond the main view plane.
181
181
| What type of joint does this drawing represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A wood dado joint.
182
182
| What distinguishes reveal overlay cabinetry from other types of cabinetry?
The edges of a adjacent drawer and door fronts are separated rather than being very close together to distinctly show the face frame behind.
183
183
| What type of gypsum wallboard must be used for fire-rated partitions?
Type X.
184
184
| What is a schedule?
A presentation of information in a tabular format with row and columns of data.
185
185
| What are the four most common schedule types for interior design projects?
Finishes
Doors
Kitchen Equipment
Millwork
186
186
| What is the purpose of an approved equal type of specification?
To state the desired product in a specification section but allow for possible alternates submitted by the contractor.
187
187
| What is used to fit a cabinet tightly to an irregular wall?
A scribe piece.
188
188
| What type of cabinet framing is shown? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A reveal overlay construction.
189
189
| On a construction drawing what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A wall telephone outlet.
190
190
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent?
Supply air diffuser.
191
191
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
Concrete block.
192
192
| What does this symbol represent on a section drawing? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A steel beam in section.
193
193
| What does this symbol represent on a floor plan?
A concrete column.
194
194
| What is this symbol, and what do the numbers mean?
This is an elevation reference symbol. The top number is the detail number, and the bottom number indicates the sheet on which the elevation is drawn.
195
195
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This the symbol for a duplex outlet on a ground fault circuit interrupter.
196
196
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A recessed fluorescent light.
197
197
| On a construction drawing what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A ceiling incandescent light.
198
198
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent and what do the numbers mean? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This is a portion of a symbol for an air duct in plan view. The first number is the width and the second number is the height.
199
199
| What are the four components labeled A through D? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
On an HVAC plan, these are the symbols for:
A) fire damper
B) return air diffuser
C) round flexible duct (with size given)
D) supply air diffuser with one quadrant blocked off and air directed as shown by the arrows.
200
200
| What scales are typically used for interior design floor plans?
```
1/8" = 1'-0"
1/4" = 1'-0"
```
201
201
| What scale is typically used for an enlarged floor plan?
1/2" = 1'-0"
202
202
| When SI units are used for interior design and architectural drawings, what unit of measure is never used?
Centimetres.
203
203
| What is the standard format for dimensioning on interior design drawings?
Feet and inches: XX'-XX"
204
204
| What is the standard format for dimensioning on interior drawings when SI units are used?
Omit the suffix abbreviation when indicating a value in millimetres (mm), but to include the suffix abbreviation when indicating a value in meters (m).
205
205
| What does the acronym BIM represent?
Building Information Modeling.
206
206
| When are string dimensions used on an interior design drawing?
When 2 or more lengths in a row must be dimensioned?
207
207
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent and what annotations are placed with it? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A spot elevation. The name of the floor is placed above the line and elevation is placed below the line.
208
208
What is this symbol, what do the numbers indicate, and what other annotations are placed with the symbol? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This is the symbol for a drawing title. The top number is the sequential drawing number on the sheet, and the bottom number indicates the sheet it is on. The drawing title is placed above the line and the drawing scale is placed below the line.
209
209
What is a common format for sheet numbering for medium-size projects when drawings of engineering consultants are included?
Single capital letters, which represent drawing responsibility (A, M, E, etc.), followed by sequential numbers is a common format for this.
210
210
| On construction drawings, what are the purposes of a border line?
- Confining drawing within a certain area
- Allowing for limitations of plotters
- Providing for paper tears and other edge imperfections.
211
211
On a construction drawing, what is this line used for?
__._._._._._._
This is the line used to indicate the center of an object.
212
212
| What is typically the thickest line used on a drawing?
A profile line.
213
213
What is this symbol and what is it used for?
{INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This is a section-cut symbol and indicate the plane of a section perpendicular to the view where it is drawn. The arrow indicates the direction of view.
214
214
What is the term for text in a title block, or elsewhere on a construction drawing, with an identifying number used in the field of the drawing to refer to that text?
Keynotes.
215
215
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
Finish wood.
216
216
| On a construction drawing, what does this symbol represent? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
Steel.
217
217
| What is the dimension of an architectural D-size drawing?
24" x 36"
218
218
| On construction floor plan drawings, which cardinal direction should be toward the top of the sheet?
North.
219
219
| What type of diagram is shown here? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
This is an adjacency matrix.
220
220
| What type of diagram is this? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
Bubble diagram.
221
221
| What is a base plan?
A floor plan drawing of an existing space that an interior designer uses in developing interior design drawings.
222
222
| What type of scale is this and when should it be used? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A graphic scale. Include on drawings that have been resized in uneven increments of that might be used by a person who does not have an instrument with which to scale.
223
223
| What is poche?
This is a graphic shading element (either patterned or solid black) used to fill in walls on a plan or to indicate material types in a section.
224
224
| What are the three types of axonometric drawings?
- Isometric
- Dimetric
- Trimetric
225
225
| What distinguishes an oblique drawing of an object from an axonometric drawing?
An oblique is drawn so that one plane of the object appears to be parallel to the picture plane. An axonometric is drawn so that all three planes of the object appear to be at an angle to the picture plane.
226
226
| In perspective drawing, what do VPL and LVP stand for?
Left vanishing point.
227
227
What kind of drawing is often used as an aid in developing a design concept when a proposed project will occupy more than one floor of a building?
A stacking diagram.
228
228
| What four types of information should be included in every programming document?
- Client goals and objectives.
- Required spaces and area requirements.
- Required adjacencies between spaces.
- Specific client requirements for budget, schedule, furnishings, equipment and mechanical and electrical systems.
229
229
| What is orthographic projection?
Viewing an object as though the viewer's line of sight were simultaneously perpendicular to every point on the nearest face of the object.
230
230
| What characterizes an isometric drawing?
This is a three-dimensional view of an object in which the object is tilted in relation to the picture plane, with two faces of the object most commonly drawn at 30 degree angles to the horizontal.
231
231
| What is an oblique drawing?
This is a three-dimensional drawing with one side of an object parallel to the picture plane?
232
232
| What are 3 advantages to a computer model?
The ability to generate:
- many views
- fly-throughs
- realistic renderings
233
233
| What is a flow chart and why is it used?
This is a programming analysis tool used to diagram a client's sequential business or work processes.
234
234
| How should the interior designer most accurately communicated material and finish choices to the client?
Material and finish sample boards.
235
235
| What type of diagram is this? {INSERT IMAGE HERE}
A zoning diagram.
236
236
| During space planning, what is the best type of diagram to show size and position of individual rooms and areas?
A block plan is he best way.
237
237
| What does a schematic floor plan show and why is it used?
This type of plan indicates accurate placement of partitions and doors, plumbing fixtures and built-in equipment, along with room names. It is used to finalize space planning prior to beginning construction drawings.
238
238
| What is a mockup?
This is a full-size representation of a portion of a design or a piece of furniture.
