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Botanica farmaceutica > PVM > Flashcards

PVM Flashcards

1
Q

Psilotum triquetrum (cls. Psilophytatae)

A
  • tufa
  • frunze mici, solzoase
  • Noua Zeelanda, Australia, Japonia
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2
Q

Lycopodii sporae

A
  • conspergent la fabricarea comprimatelor

* tinturi homeopate

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3
Q

Lycopodii herba

A
  • alcaloizi => toxic
  • tratamentul artritelor reumatice
  • dezobisnuinta de fumat si de consum de alcool
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4
Q

Equisetum herba

A
  • ulei volatil
  • flavone
  • saponine
  • saruri de K
  • SiO2
  • diuretic
  • dezinfectant al cailor urinare
  • hemostatic
  • mineralizant in tratamentul fracturilor
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5
Q

Filicis maris rhizoma

A

-derivati fluoroglucinici (acid filicic + aspinidol = filicina bruta 2-5%) -> sintetizati de glandele lui Schacht din rizomi
-ulei gras
-tanin
*antihelmintic (paralizia musculaturii netede a animalelor cu sange rece (Poikiloterme)
FILIXONUM
FILMARONA (Germania)
FILICINA (pt uz veterinar)

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6
Q

Ginkgo folium

A

-flavone
-biflavone
-ginkgolide-bilobalide
*angioactivatoare (arteriopatii cerebrale si ale membrelor inferioare, angiopatia diabetica)
*cap. de retinere, rezistenta la oboseala
*vasodilatator, vasoprotector, stimuleaza oxigenarea tisulara
TANAKAN
BILOBIL

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7
Q

Juniperi baccae, Juniperi fructus

A
  • ulei volatil
  • zahar
  • rasini
  • lipide
  • diuretic
  • antiseptica
  • afectiuni renale, bronsite catarale, reumatism
  • preparare GIN
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8
Q

Thujae sumitates

A
  • ulei volatil (THUJONA)
  • flavone
  • taninuri
  • tincturi pentru veruci si papiloame
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9
Q

Taxus baccata, Taxus brevifolia

A
  • pseudoalcaloid = TAXOLUL (opus COLCHICINEI) sintetizat din 10-deacetil baccatina
  • taxine TOXICE!!!
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10
Q

Pini montanae turiones

A
  • ulei volatil alfa si beta-pinen
  • antiseptic
  • antiinflamator
  • tratamentul bronsitelor si traheitelor
  • diuretic, infectii ale cailor urinare
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11
Q

Pini silvestris turiones

A
  • ulei volatil (actiune inferioara celui de jnepeni)

- Pix liquida - gudronul de pin *cheratoplastic, antiseptic (dermatoze, eczeme, psoriazis)

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12
Q

Abieti turiones

A
  • ulei volatil
  • fitobalneologie (bai medicinale)
  • reumatism
  • afectiuni ale sistemului nervos
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13
Q

Abieti cortex

A

-tanin

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14
Q

Picea abies

A

-terebentina (rasina purificata) = oleorezina formata ditr-o parte volatila (ulei de terebentina) si una nevolatila (rezine + acizi rezinici = COLOFONIU sau SACAZ)
*revulsiv in unguente
*indicat in ulcer varicos
CARPICON (terebentina+ulei gras+ceara de albine)

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15
Q

Ephedra herba

A
  • proalcaloidul EFEDRINA (prin sinteza chimica)
  • antiastmatic
  • bronhodilatator
  • spasmolitic in bronsite astmatiforme si emfizem pulmonar
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16
Q

Lauri folium

A

ulei volatil (CINEOL si LINALOOL)

  • condiment
  • frunctele contin ulei ras
  • unguente, produse cosmetice
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17
Q

Cinnamomum camphora

A

In lemn si ramuri:

  • ulei volatil (CAMFOR)
  • extern
  • inflamatii
  • dureri musculare
  • reumatism
  • afectiuni respiratorii
  • excitant SNC
  • revulsiv
  • antiseptic
  • antipruriginos
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18
Q

Cinnamomm cortex

A
  • ulei volatil (ALDEHIDA CINAMICA)
  • antiseptic
  • antihelmintic
  • aromatizant
  • corector de gust (in patiserie)
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19
Q

Cinnamomm cortex

A

-ulei volatil (ALDEHIDA CINAMICA)

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20
Q

Myristicae semen (Nux-moschata)=nucsoare, protejate de un aril rosu = macis

A
  • ulei voLATIL (MIRISTICINA)
  • ulei gras
  • fitosteroli
  • amidon
  • stomahic, carminativ
  • aromatizant
  • condiment
  • narcotic si halucinogen in doze mari
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21
Q

Boldo folium

A

-2% alcaloid
*colagog
*stimulent al digestiei
BOLDOCOLIN

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22
Q

Piperis nigri fructus

A
  • 4% ulei volatil (cu 2 alcaloizi ce dau gust arzator: CAVICINA, PIPERINA)
  • oleorezine
  • ulei gras
  • amidon
  • proteine
  • carminativ
  • expectorant
  • febrifug
  • condiment
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23
Q

Piperis nigri fructus

A
  • 4% ulei volatil (cu 2 alcaloizi ce dau gust arzator: CAVICINA, PIPERINA)
  • oleorezine
  • ulei gras
  • amidon
  • proteine
  • carminativ
  • expectorant
  • febrifug
  • condiment
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24
Q

Piper methystici rhizoma = rizomi cu radacini de kawa-kawa

A
  • kawa-pirone
  • active asupra SNC => relaxarea musculaturii scheletice fara a influenta respiratia
  • sedativ nervos
  • antispastic urinar
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25
Q

Aristolochiae rhizoma

A
  • acizi aristolochici cu nucleu fenantrenic si un radical NO2 substituit
  • alcaloizi (MAGNOFLORINA)
  • taninuri
  • rezine
  • stimuleaza fagocitoza
  • cicatrizant (granularea si epitalizarea in tratamentul ranilor, fisuri anale)
  • TOXICI in doze mari => nu mai e administrat intern (iritant, purgativ, CANCERIGEN)
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26
Q

Hellebori rhizoma cum radicibus

A

-glicozide cardiotonice (HELLEBRINA sau HELLEBROZIDA)
-saponine
*antialgic (in boli reumatice)
BOICIL (Terapia)
*in medicina veterinara => abces(puroi) de fixatie

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27
Q

Hellebori rhizoma cum radicibus

A

-glicozide cardiotonice (HELLEBRINA sau HELLEBROZIDA)
-saponine
*antialgic (in boli reumatice)
BOICIL (Terapia)
*in medicina veterinara => absces de fixatie

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28
Q

Nigellae semen

A

-gust iute, uitilizat la condimentarea branzeturilor si conservelor

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29
Q

Adonidis herba

A
  • glicozide cardiotonice (ADONITOXINA)
  • tincturi recomandate in insuficienta cardiaca
  • diuretic
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30
Q

Clematis folium

A
  • ANEMONINA
  • saponine
  • antiinflamator
  • atitusiv
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31
Q

Hydrastidis rhizoma

A
  • 3-6% alcaloizi (HIDRASTINA, CANADINA, BERBERINA)
  • vasoconstrictor
  • hemostatic in hemoragii uterine
  • ocitocic
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32
Q

Hydrastidis rhizoma

A
  • 3-6% alcaloizi (HIDRASTINA, CANADINA, BERBERINA)
  • vasoconstrictor
  • hemostatic in hemoragii uterine
  • ocitocic
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33
Q

Podophylli rhizoma

A
  • PODOFILINA (subs rezinoasa, brun deschisa)
  • PODOFILOTOXINA (structura lignanica)
  • necrozant
  • tratamentul papilelelor si vegetatiilor, cancerului epitelial => actiune antimitotica
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34
Q

Papaveris fructus (Papaveris capita) = capsule mature, ramase dupa recoltarea semintelor

A

-0,2% alcaloizi
-opiu (10-25% alcaloizi: morfina - analgezic, euforic; papaverina - spasmolitic; codeina - antitusiv)
*ceai contra colicilor
ceai sedativ
opiupt diaree, colici si stari depresive

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35
Q

Papaveris immaturi fructus = capsule recoltate inainte de maturitate

A

-0,8% alcaloizi
-opiu (10-25% alcaloizi: morfina - analgezic, euforic; papaverina - spasmolitic; codeina - antitusiv)
*ceai contra colicilor
ceai sedativ
opiupt diaree, colici si stari depresive

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36
Q

Papaveris immaturi fructus = capsule recoltate inainte de maturitate

A

-0,8% alcaloizi
-opiu (10-25% alcaloizi: morfina - analgezic, euforic; papaverina - spasmolitic; codeina - antitusiv)
*ceai contra colicilor
ceai sedativ
opiupt diaree, colici si stari depresive

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37
Q

Rhoeados flos

A
  • antocianozide
  • alcaloizi
  • mucilagii
  • usor sedativ
  • ceaiuri pectorale
  • colorant vegetal
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38
Q

Rhoeados flos

A
  • antocianozide
  • alcaloizi
  • mucilagii
  • usor sedativ
  • ceaiuri pectorale
  • colorant vegetal
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39
Q

Chelidonii herba

A
  • alcaloizi (CHELIDONINA, CHELERITRINA, SANGVINARIA, COPTIZINA, BERBERINA, PROTOPINA)
  • antispastic
  • coleretic, colagog
  • afectiuni ale veziculei biliare (dischinezii, hipotonie, colici biliare)
  • latexul (in care sunt prezente si enzime, daca e proaspat) - combaterea verucilor si negilor
  • alcaloizii - prop citostatice
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40
Q

Chelidonii herba

A
  • alcaloizi (CHELIDONINA, CHELERITRINA, SANGVINARIA, COPTIZINA, BERBERINA, PROTOPINA)
  • antispastic
  • coleretic, colagog
  • afectiuni ale veziculei biliare (dischinezii, hipotonie, colici biliare)
  • latexul (in care sunt prezente si enzime, daca e proaspat) - combaterea verucilor si negilor
  • alcaloizii - prop citostatice
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41
Q

Fumariae herba

A
  • alcaloizi (PROTOPINA, CRIPTOPINA)
  • stomahic
  • stimulent al functiei biliare
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42
Q

Hamamelidis folium (mai rar Hamamelidis cortex)

A
  • 8% taninuri galice (HAMAMELITANIN)
  • ulei volatil
  • flavone
  • proantociani
  • astringent
  • hemostatic si vasoconstrictor
  • in afectiuni venoase (varice, flebite)
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43
Q

Liquidamba orientalis

A

=> balsamul de Styrax = rezina Benzoe (contine esteri ai acidului benzoic si cinamic)

  • pt tratamentul scabiei
  • antiseptic
  • dezinfectant
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44
Q

Ulmi cortex

A

*in dermatoze

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45
Q

Mori folium

A
  • actiune hipoglicemianta

* in forme usoare de diabet

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46
Q

Cannabis sativa var. indica

A
  • subst rezinoasa bogata in CANABINOIDE
  • narcotic
  • sedativ
  • spasmolitic
  • analgezic
  • scade imunitatea organismului
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47
Q

Lupuli strobuli (si Lupuli glandulae)

A
  • rezine bogate in derivati fluoroglucinici (HUMULONA si LUPULONA)
  • ulei volativ
  • acizi amari
  • sedativ in insomnii
  • calmant
  • anafrodisiac
  • industria berii
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48
Q

Lupuli strobuli (si Lupuli glandulae)

A
  • rezine bogate in derivati fluoroglucinici (HUMULONA si LUPULONA)
  • ulei volativ
  • acizi amari
  • sedativ in insomnii
  • calmant
  • anafrodisiac
  • industria berii
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49
Q

Urticae radix

A
  • afectiuni ale prostatei

* intretinerea parului

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50
Q

Urticae radix

A
  • afectiuni ale prostatei

* intretinerea parului

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51
Q

Urtica urens

A
  • prop antihemoragice

* tincturi homeopate

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52
Q

Castaneae folium

A
  • flavone
  • saponine
  • tanin
  • vitamina E
  • saruri de Mg si P
  • compusi fenil-propanici
  • antitusiv
  • bacteriostativ
  • sedativ respirator
  • cofetarie
53
Q

Querci cortex (de pe ramurile de 3-5 ani ale speciilor)

A
  • tanin 9-15%
  • astringent
  • hemostatic
  • antiseptic
  • antidiareica in intoxicatii cu alcaloizi sau metale grele
  • tratarea plagilor supurate (adica cu puroi)
  • stomatite, degeraturi, arsuri
54
Q

Quercus lusitanica var. infectoria

A

Nuci de Alep (sau gogosi de ristic) - din cauza intepaturii lui Cynips in mugurii foliari

  • taninuri (25-45%)
  • obt acidului tanic de uz medicinal
55
Q

Betulae folium

A
  • flavone
  • saponine
  • tanin
  • triterpene
  • diuretic (pt bolnavi cariorenali-> reduce edemele si albuminuria, elimina acidul uric si colesterolul)
  • antimicrobian
  • antireumatic
56
Q

Betulae cortex

A
  • in tratamentul dermatitelor

* ingrijirea parului

57
Q

Betulae succus

A
  • elemente minerale
  • cosmetica (lotiuni capilare)
  • infectii urinare
  • calculoza renala
58
Q

Betulae pix = gudron vascos, brun

A

*dermatologie

59
Q

Coryli folium

A
  • urme de ulei volatil
  • flavone
  • tanin
  • proantociani
  • triterpene
  • complexul polifenolic: hemostatic, antihemoragic, venotonic, mareste rezistenta capilarelor
  • afectiuni ale cavitatii bucale
  • ulceratii
  • hemoroizi
  • flebite
  • uleiul: antianemic si coagulant
60
Q

Juglandis folium (fara petiol)

A
  • ulei volatil
  • tanin
  • vitamina C
  • JUGLONA (o naftochinona)
  • astringent
  • antiseptic
  • antidiareic
  • hipoglicemiant
  • tinctorial
  • ingrijirea parului
61
Q

Juglandis pericarpum

A
  • ulei volatil
  • tanin
  • vitamina C
  • JUGLONA (o naftochinona)
  • astringent
  • antiseptic
  • antidiareic
  • hipoglicemiant
  • tinctorial
  • ingrijirea parului
  • tratamentul eczemelor cronice
62
Q

Ribes nigri fructus

A

-flavone
-tanin
-antociani
-pectine
-acizi organici
-vitamine
RUBIFER

63
Q

Ribes nigri fructus

A

-flavone
-tanin
-antociani
-pectine
-acizi organici
-vitamine
RUBIFER

64
Q

Ulmariae flos (mai rar Ulmariae herba si Ulmariae radix (tincturi homeopate) )

A

ulei volatil

  • flavone
  • tanin
  • glicozide fenolice, avand ca aglicon alcoolul si acidul salicilic (MONOTROPITOZIDA, care se scindeaza prin strivire in PRIMVEROZA si SALICILAT DE METIL=> miros caracteristic)
  • astringent
  • antiinflamator
  • diuretic
  • dezinfectant
  • afectiuni uro-genitale
  • reumatism
65
Q

Rubi fructicosi folium (fara petiol principal)

A
  • flavone
  • tanin
  • vitamine
  • saruri minerale
  • diuretic
  • astringent
  • antidiareic
66
Q

Rubus fructicosi folium (fara petiol principal)

A
  • flavone
  • tanin
  • vitamine
  • saruri minerale
  • diuretic
  • astringent
  • antidiareic
67
Q

Rubi fructicosi fructus

A
  • pectine
  • antocianozide
  • vitamine
  • acizi organici
  • antiinflamator oro-faringian
  • gem, sirop in alimentatie
68
Q

Rubi idaei fructus

A
  • antociani
  • pectine
  • acizi organici
  • vitamine
  • sirop aromatizant si
  • corector de gust pt medicamente
69
Q

Fragariae folium (pot fi inlocuiti de frunzele de Fragaria moschata = capsunii)

A
  • flavone
  • taninuri
  • antidiareic
  • ceai aromat si dietetic
70
Q

Fragariae folium (pot fi inlocuiti de frunzele de Fragaria moschata = capsunii)

A
  • flavone
  • taninuri
  • antidiareic
  • ceai aromat si dietetic
71
Q

Cynosbati fructus

A
  • provitamina A
  • vitamine B, E, K, P
  • vitamina C
  • pectine
  • acizi organici
  • vitaminizant
  • ceai dietetic si aromatic
  • “feinschnit” - pulpa fruct uscat si maruntit
  • gemuri si siropuri
72
Q

ROSA

A

-ulei volatil (GERANIOL)
-flavone
-tanin
-antociani
*astringent
*antiseptic
*aromat
MEL ROSATUL si AFTOLIZOL (tratamentul aftelor, ape aromatice)
*parfumerie

73
Q

Tormentillae rhizoma

A
  • 15-22% tanin (ca si cel din Ratanhie radix) = rosu de Tormentila
  • astringent
  • bacteriostatic
  • dezinterie
  • enterocolite
  • extern in gingivite si stomatite
  • NU SE RECOMANDA IN COLITELE ULCEROASE
74
Q

Agrimoniae herba

A
  • flavone
  • tanin catehic
  • triterpene
  • substante amare
  • fenil-propani
  • astringent
  • stimulent a apetitului
  • antidiareic
  • coleretic colagog
  • afectiuni cronice, gastrice, hepatice
  • calculoza biliara
75
Q

Agrimoniae herba

A
  • flavone
  • tanin catehic
  • triterpene
  • substante amare
  • fenil-propani
  • astringent
  • stimulent a apetitului
  • antidiareic
  • coleretic colagog
  • afectiuni cronice, gastrice, hepatice
  • calculoza biliara
76
Q

Gei rhizoma

A

-10-18% tanin
-GEOZIDA (o glicozida a eugenolului)
-substante amare
-rezine
*hemostatic
*astringent
*antidiareic
*antiseptic (datorita eugenolului)
*ceaiuri medicinale pt gargara, hemoroizi, enterite infectioase
*extracte in paste de dinti
*sirop iodo-tanic pentru gingiviate si stomatite
poate inlocui produsul Ratanhie radix

77
Q

Alchemillae herba

A
  • flavone
  • 6-8% taninuri
  • proantociani
  • steroli
  • vitamina E
  • astringent
  • antihemoragic, in hemoragii uterine, disgravidii
78
Q

Pyrus pyraster

Pyrus communis

A
  • arbutozida
  • piosorida
  • FLORIZINA cu efect hiperglicemiant => nu pot fi folosite in terapeutica
79
Q

Pyrus pyraster

Pyrus communis

A
  • arbutozida
  • piosorida
  • FLORIZINA cu efect hiperglicemiant => nu pot fi folosite in terapeutica
80
Q

Sorbus aucuparia

Sorbus domestica

A

Fructele:

  • tanin
  • glucide
  • vitamina C
  • astringent
  • hemostatic
81
Q

Crataegi folium cum flore

A
  • flavonoide
  • proantociani
  • acizi triterpenici
  • amine biogene
  • vasodilatator coronarian
  • usor hipotensiv
  • bradicardizant
  • sedativ
  • in dereglari cardio-vasculare
  • angina pectorala
  • scleroza coronariana si cerebrala
82
Q

Crataegi fructus

A

-flavone
-pectine
-antociani si proantociani
-glucide
-acizi organici
*vasodilatator coronarian
*usor hipotensiv
*bradicardizant
*sedativ
*in dereglari cardio-vasculare
*angina pectorala
*scleroza coronariana si cerebrala
Diferenta fata de flori si frunze, este ca principiile active sunt mai reduse

83
Q

Cerasorum stipites (coditele)

A
  • flavone
  • taninuri
  • proantociani
  • saruri de K
  • diuretic
  • antilitiazic
  • tratamentul catarului vezical
84
Q

Pruni africanum cortex (Pigei africani cortex)

A

-acizi grasi
-fitosteroli
-acizi triterpenici
-alcanoli esterificati
*in fitoterapie
*antiedematos
*mareste elasticitatea vezicii urinare
*stimuleaza secretia prostatica
*diminueaza lipidele si testosterona plasmatica fara a avea actiune androgena sau estrogena
*reduce poliakiuria nocturna
Actiune asemanatoare cu Serenoa repns
TRIANOL
TADENAN

85
Q

Pruni africanum cortex (Pigei africani cortex)

A

-acizi grasi
-fitosteroli
-acizi triterpenici
-alcanoli esterificati
*in fitoterapie
*antiedematos
*mareste elasticitatea vezicii urinare
*stimuleaza secretia prostatica
*diminueaza lipidele si testosterona plasmatica fara a avea actiune androgena sau estrogena
*reduce poliakiuria nocturna
Actiune asemanatoare cu Serenoa repns
TRIANOL
TADENAN

86
Q

Pruni spinosi fructus

A
  • tanin
  • astringent
  • antidiareic
  • in dischinezii biliare
87
Q

Pruni spinosi fructus

A
  • tanin
  • astringent
  • antidiareic
  • in dischinezii biliare
88
Q

Acacia catechu

A
  • taninuri catehice
  • se extrage “catechu”
  • astringent
  • hemostatic
  • afectiuni ale cavitatii bucale
  • tonic
89
Q

Acacia catechu

A
  • taninuri catehice
  • se extrage “catechu”
  • astringent
  • hemostatic
  • afectiuni ale cavitatii bucale
  • tonic
90
Q

Cratoniae fructus

A

-glucide
-mucilagii
-pectine
-vitamine
-CABURINA (un galactomanan)
*alimentatie
*faina din fruct: antidiareic in dezinterii, dispepsii la copii, gastrite, enterocolite
*pulberea de fruct:absoarbe toxinele, previne deshidratarea, rol nutritiv-dietetic
AROBON
CERATONIA

91
Q

Sophorae immaturi flos

A

-cea mai importanta sursa de rutozida

92
Q

Sophorae immaturi flos

A

-cea mai importanta sursa de rutozida

93
Q

Liquiritiae radix (radacini decorticate galben-deschise)

A
  • flavone (LIQIURITINA, IZOLIQIURITINA)
  • acid gliciretic sub forma de sare de Ca si K = GLICIRIZINA
  • glucide
  • hormoni estrogeni
  • edulcorant
  • fluidificant al secretiilor bronsice
  • antiinflamator
  • antiulceros
94
Q

Foenum graeci semen

A
  • proteine
  • aminoacizi liberi
  • lipide
  • vitamina PP
  • lecitina
  • mucilagii
  • steroli
  • stimulent neuromuscular
  • afrodisiac
  • tonic
  • anabolizant
  • hipoglicemiant
  • hipocolesterolemiant
95
Q

Foenum graeci semen

A
  • proteine
  • aminoacizi liberi
  • lipide
  • vitamina PP
  • lecitina
  • mucilagii
  • steroli
  • stimulent neuromuscular
  • afrodisiac
  • tonic
  • anabolizant
  • hipoglicemiant
  • hipocolesterolemiant
96
Q

Ononidis radix

A
  • ulei volatil
  • izoflavonoide
  • substante triterpenice
  • diuretic
  • favorizeaza eliminarea calculilor
97
Q

Myrti folium

A
  • ulei volatil (MIRTENOL, EUCALIPTOL)
  • tanin
  • astringent
  • antiseptic asupra cailor respiratorii
98
Q

Myrti folium

A
  • ulei volatil (MIRTENOL, EUCALIPTOL)
  • tanin
  • astringent
  • antiseptic asupra cailor respiratorii
99
Q

Caryophyllorum flos (mugurii = cuisoare)

A
  • ulei volatil (EUGENOL)
  • tanin
  • mucilagii
  • lipide
  • aromatizant
  • condiment
  • stomatologie (antiseptic in tratamentul afectiunilor pulpei dentare - EUGENAT DE Zn)
100
Q

Melaleuca viridiflora

A

Frunzele:

  • ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Niaouli = GOMENOL (EUCALIPTOL)
  • antiseptic
  • in rinite, faringite, bronsite
101
Q

Melaleuca viridiflora

A

Frunzele:

  • ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Niaouli = GOMENOL (EUCALIPTOL)
  • antiseptic
  • in rinite, faringite, bronsite
102
Q

Epilobii herba

A

-flavone
-tanin
-compusi fenil-propanici
*antibiotic
*antiviral
*coleretic colagog
*infuzie: tratamentul afectiunilor de prostata
ELCOHEP (Plantavorel)

103
Q

Epilobii herba

A

-flavone
-tanin
-compusi fenil-propanici
*antibiotic
*antiviral
*coleretic colagog
*infuzie: tratamentul afectiunilor de prostata
ELCOHEP (Plantavorel)

104
Q

Hippophae fructus

A
  • vitamine hidrosolubile si liposolubile:
  • acid ascorbic (vit. C)
  • vit. B1, B2, E, PP
  • carotenoide (provit. A)
  • flavonoide (vit. P)
  • leucoantociani
  • pectine
  • ulei gras
  • catehina
  • acizi triterpenici
  • uleiul gras: cicatrisant
  • suc, gem, sirop
  • ceaiuri vitaminizante
105
Q

Hippophae fructus

A
  • vitamine hidrosolubile si liposolubile:
  • acid ascorbic (vit. C)
  • vit. B1, B2, E, PP
  • carotenoide (provit. A)
  • flavonoide (vit. P)
  • leucoantociani
  • pectine
  • ulei gras
  • catehina
  • acizi triterpenici
  • uleiul gras: cicatrisant
  • suc, gem, sirop
  • ceaiuri vitaminizante
106
Q

Citrus limonum (sin. Citrus limon)

A

Fructul:

  • in coaja: ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Citri (CITRAL, CITRONELAL, LIMONEN) si flavone
  • vitamina C
  • acid citric
  • pectine
  • aromatizant
107
Q

Citrus limonum (sin. Citrus limon)

A

Fructul:

  • in coaja: ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Citri (CITRAL, CITRONELAL, LIMONEN) si flavone
  • vitamina C
  • acid citric
  • pectine
  • aromatizant
108
Q

Citrus aurantium ssp. bergamia

A
  • ulei volatil (acetat de linaliil)
  • cumarine
  • parfumerie
  • cosmetica
  • aromatizant
109
Q

Naphae flos

A
  • ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Aurantii Flos
  • antispastic
  • sedativ
  • cosmetica
  • parfumerie
110
Q

Aurantii Pericarpum (coaja)

A
  • ulei volatil = Aetheroleum Aurantii (LIMONEN)
  • flavone
  • vitamine
  • substante amare
  • stomahic
  • tonic
  • sedativ
  • tincturi amare
  • bautri alcoolice
  • siropuri
  • aromatizant
  • corector de gust
  • cosmetica
  • parfumerie
111
Q

Hippocastani semen

A

-flavone
-tanin
-saponine triterpenice (ESCINA)
-amidon
-ulei gras
*antiinflamator
*venotonic
*antiedematos
*uz extern: varice, tromboflebite, inflamatii ale membrelor inferioare, hemoroizi (VARITERP unguent)
NU se admin pe cale orala

112
Q

Hippocastani semen

A

-flavone
-tanin
-saponine triterpenice (ESCINA)
-amidon
-ulei gras
*antiinflamator
*venotonic
*antiedematos
*uz extern: varice, tromboflebite, inflamatii ale membrelor inferioare, hemoroizi (VARITERP unguent)
NU se admin pe cale orala

113
Q

Hippocastani cortex

A
  • cumarine (ESCULINA)
  • tanin
  • alantoina
  • proantociani
  • filtru UV, absorb selectiv radiatii din UVB
  • produse de protectie solara, fotoprotectoare
114
Q

Lini semen

A
  • mucilagii
  • ulei gras -> vitamine F
  • sicativ
  • proteine
  • glicozide cianogenetice, dar fara toxicitate
  • laxativ, purgativ
  • faina de in: emolient, antiinflamator (in cataplasme)
  • din ulei: prepararea linimentului oleo-calcar
115
Q

Hederae helicis folium

A
  • saponine triterpenice, avand ca aglicon HEDERAGENINA
  • diminueaza spasmele bronsice (in tusea spastica)
  • antireumatice
  • analgetice
  • antiinflamator in celulite (creme anticelulitice)
116
Q

Hederae helicis folium

A
  • saponine triterpenice, avand ca aglicon HEDERAGENINA
  • diminueaza spasmele bronsice (in tusea spastica)
  • antireumatice
  • analgetice
  • antiinflamator in celulite (creme anticelulitice)
117
Q

Carvi fructus

A
  • ulei volatil (50-60% CARVONA si 30% LIMONEN)
  • carminativ
  • stimulent al secretiilor gastro-intestinale
  • calmante ale colicilor intestinale
  • in anorexii
  • dispepsii
  • aromatizant
  • condiment
118
Q

Carvi fructus

A
  • ulei volatil (50-60% CARVONA si 30% LIMONEN)
  • carminativ
  • stimulent al secretiilor gastro-intestinale
  • calmante ale colicilor intestinale
  • in anorexii
  • dispepsii
  • aromatizant
  • condiment
119
Q

Anisi fructus

A

-ulei volatil (ANETOL)
*carminativ
*expectorant
*galactagog
*stimuleaza secretiile
*poate produce insomnie, agitatii motorii si psihice
*in compozitia speciei pectorale
CALMOTUSIN

120
Q

Foeniculi fructus

A

-ulei volatil (ANETOL)
*carminativ
*antispastic
*stimuleaza secretia lactata
*fluidifica secretiile bronsice
!!! CONTRAINDICATE IN: ulcer gastric, duodenal si enterocolite

121
Q

Coriandrii fructus

A
  • ulei volatil (LINALOOL)
  • carminativ
  • stomahic
  • ceai gastric si contra colicilor
  • aromatizant
  • condiment
122
Q

Angelicae radix

A
  • ulei volatil (FELANDREN)
  • cumarine (UMBELIFERONA)
  • furanocumarine (XANTOTOXINA, ANGELICINA)
  • acizi organici
  • vitamina B1
  • glucide
  • tonic
  • stomahic
  • antispastic
  • stimulent al digestiei
  • sedativ
  • in anorexii
  • dispepsii
  • meteorism
  • enterite
  • anaciditate
  • eructatii
  • colici intestinale
  • astenie psiho-fizica
  • aromatizant fin
  • bauturi alcoolice, tonice amare
123
Q

Angelicae fructus

A

-ulei volatil (FELANDREN)
-cumarine (UMBELIFERONA)
-furanocumarine (XANTOTOXINA, ANGELICINA)
-acizi organici
-vitamina B1
-glucide
*tonic
*stomahic
*antispastic
*stimulent al digestiei
*sedativ
*in anorexii
*dispepsii
*meteorism
*enterite
*anaciditate
*eructatii
*colici intestinale
*astenie psiho-fizica
*aromatizant fin
*bauturi alcoolice, tonice amare
UTILIZATE MAI PUTIN DECAT Angelicae fructus

124
Q

Eryngii plani herba

A
  • saponine

* antitusiv (tuse convulsiva)

125
Q

Ammi visnagae fructus

A
  • furanocromone (KELINA si VISNAGINA)
  • piranocumarine
  • flavone
  • spasmolitic
  • vasodilatator a vaselor coronariene
  • in sindroamele angioase
126
Q

Ammi visnagae fructus

A
  • furanocromone (KELINA si VISNAGINA)
  • piranocumarine
  • flavone
  • spasmolitic
  • vasodilatator a vaselor coronariene
  • in sindroamele angioase
127
Q

Conium maculatum

A

-alcaloizi 1% in intreaga planta (CONIINA)
Fructe:
*prop antinevralgice

!!! FOARTE TOXICA. NU MAI E FOLOSITA IN MEDICINA

128
Q

Conium maculatum

A

-alcaloizi 1% in intreaga planta (CONIINA)
Fructe:
*prop antinevralgice

!!! FOARTE TOXICA. NU MAI E FOLOSITA IN MEDICINA

129
Q

Frangulae cortex

A

-derivati antracenici glicozidati
-antranoli (forme reduse a derivatilor) -> forme oxidate antrachinonice
*scoarta proaspata produce colici, greturi, varsaturi
*compusii antrachinonice (frangulinele a si b) cresc peristaltismul intestinului gros => laxativ si purgativ
CORTELAX
RHAMNOLAX
CEAI LAXATIV

Botanica farmaceutica (3 decks)

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