PVD

Question 1

6 P’s of Ischemia

Answer 1

• Pain: earliest sign
• Parasthesias
• Pallor
• Poikilothermia
• Pulslesness
• Paralysis

Question 2

6 P’s of Ischemia

Answer 2

• Pain: earliest sign
• Parasthesias
• Pallor
• Poikilothermia
• Pulslesness
• Paralysis

Question 3

Types of primary lymphedema

Answer 3

1. Congenital (Milroy’s dz): 35y/o

Question 4

Rutherford Classification

Answer 4

Stages of PAD

• Grade 0: asymptomatic
• 1: mild claudication pain
• 2: moderate claudication pain
• 3: severe claudication pain
• 4: rest pain
• 5: minor tissue loss (ischemic ulcer)
• 6: major tissue loss (gangrene)

Question 5

Allen Test

Answer 5

-tests radial or ulnar artery for occlusion

Question 6

ABI success for healing

Answer 6

> 0.35 = Non-DM

> 0.45 = DM

Question 7

TBI

Answer 7

-indicated when ABI > 1.3

-

Question 8

Segmental Pressures

Answer 8

• 30 mmHg difference between adjacent cuffs on same leg

- 20-30 mmHg difference between contralateral leg

Question 9

TcPO2

Question 10

Skin Perfusion Pressure (SPP)

Question 11

MRA v CTA

Answer 11

• CTA gives > image detail

- CTA less accuracy in extensive vessel calcification

Question 12

MRA v CTA

Answer 12

• CTA gives > image detail

- CTA less accuracy in extensive vessel calcification

Question 13

Types of primary lymphedema

Answer 13

1. Congenital (Milroy’s dz): 35y/o

Question 14

Rutherford Classification

Answer 14

Stages of PAD

• Grade 0: asymptomatic
• 1: mild claudication pain
• 2: moderate claudication pain
• 3: severe claudication pain
• 4: rest pain
• 5: minor tissue loss (ischemic ulcer)
• 6: major tissue loss (gangrene)

Question 15

Allen Test

Answer 15

-tests radial or ulnar artery for occlusion

Question 16

ABI success for healing

Answer 16

> 0.35 = Non-DM

> 0.45 = DM

Question 17

Blue toe syndrome etiologies

Answer 17

CAVEMAN

• Cardiac catheterization
• A fib
• Valvular dz
• Endocarditis
• MI/mural thrombus
• Aneurysm/AV fistula
• Nothing

Question 18

Segmental Pressures

Answer 18

• 30 mmHg difference between adjacent cuffs on same leg

- 20-30 mmHg difference between contralateral leg

Question 19

TcPO2

Question 20

Skin Perfusion Pressure (SPP)

Question 21

Contraindications for MRA

Answer 21

• pacemaker
• pregnancy
• implanted defibrillators
• other implanted electronic devices
• aneurysm clip

Question 22

MRA v CTA

Answer 22

• CTA gives > image detail

- CTA less accuracy in extensive vessel calcification

Question 23

Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Answer 23

• Modifiable: smoking, DM, HL, HTN
• Predisposing factors: obesity, sedentary, stress (mod); age, male, post-meno, FHx (non-mod)
• Emerging: elevated homocysteine, inflammation

Question 24

TAO

Answer 24

-AKA Buerger’s Dz
-inflammatory dz of small and medium arteries and veins
-

Question 25

Sickle Cell Dz

Answer 25

• Homozygous for hemoglobin S

- Contraindication for TQ use

Question 26

When does irreversible tissue damage occur secondary to ischemia?

Answer 26

6 hours

Question 27

Risk factors for acute thrombosis

Answer 27

• Hypercoaguable state: protein c/s def, factor V leiden def, etc.
• Thrombophilia
• Malignancy
• Low flow states (i.e. LE immobilization)
• Dehydration
• Hypotension

Question 28

Blue toe syndrome etiologies

Answer 28

CAVEMAN

• Cardiac catheterization
• A fib
• Valvular dz
• Endocarditis
• MI/mural thrombus
• Aneurysm/AV fistula
• Nothing

Question 29

PE Testing

Answer 29

• PE likely: spiral CT (positive rules in)

- PE unlikely: D-dimer (negative rules out)

Question 30

How to reverse coumadin?

Answer 30

• Vitamin K

- FFP (works faster)

Question 31

How to reverse heparin?

Answer 31

-Protamine sulfate