Putting Up Defences Flashcards
Identify some diseases caused by protozoans.
Malaria, toxoplasmosis, dysentery.
Identify some diseases caused by viruses.
AIDS, influenza, measles.
Identify some disease caused by fungi.
Thrush, ringworm, athletes foot.
What is an antigen?
Any substance that triggers the production of antibodies.
What is an antibody?
A type of protein produced by B lymphocytes in the blood in response to antigen. They attach to antigens to render them harmless.
What is a vaccine?
A preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen that stimulates antibody production.
What is a vaccination?
Inoculation with a vaccine.
What is immunity?
An organisms ability to resist disease by the activities of specialized blood cells or antibodies.
What does sterilized mean?
Making some thing free of bacteria or other microorganisms.
What does antiseptic mean?
Capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms.
Which lymphocytes make antibodies?
B
What is a vector?
Any agents that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism.
What are the 3 lines of defence?
1- physical and chemical.
2- increased blood flow, fever, phagocytes.
3- lymphocytes start immune response and attack pathogen.
What is quarantine?
Enforced isolation or restriction of free movement to prevent the spread of contagious disease.
What is an epidemic?
An outbreak of a contagious disease that is quickly and widely spread.
What is a disinfectant?
An agent such as heat, radiation or chemical tat inhibits the growth of pathogens.
Identify some diseases caused by bacteria.
Scarlet fever, tuberculosis, meningitis.
What is an independent variable?
The variable that is changed.
What is the dependent variable?
The one that is measured.
What is the control/constant variable?
The one that is kept the same.
What is reliability?
Repetition of experiment.
What is validity?
The extent to which data measure what was intended.
What is accuracy?
The precision of measurement.
What is an antibiotic?
A drug developed from living things that is used to kill pathogens in bacteria.
What is the difference between primary and secondary immune responses?
Primary immune response is the first response to a specific pathogen whilst a secondary is the second time the same pathogen triggers an immune response.
