Puritans Test Review Flashcards
On what holiday was Hawthorne born?
4th of July
Who was his ancestor that was involved in the Salem Witch Trials?
John Hathorne
How did Hawthorne distance himself from his ancestors?
By adding a “W” to his last name
What job did he fill at the custom house?
Surveyor
What was Brook Farm?
A transcendentalist utopia
Brook Farm: “the ________________, anew”
City of God
Name 3 beliefs of Brook Farm
Anti-Slavery, Pro-Worker, Pro-Woman
Who did Hawthorne marry?
Sophia Peabody
Conversations with Hawthorne’s friend, _________, led to the book ____________ being written.
Herman Melville, Moby Dick
Franklin Pierce appointed Hawthorne to what position?
US Consul to Liverpool
Who were 2 neighbors of Hawthorne?
Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson
How did Hawthorne feel about Puritanism?
He thought they were judgmental people and felt cursed by his family’s past.
What book did Hawthorne write while living in Rome?
Marble Faun
Hawthorne wrote one of the first ___________ novels.
Psychological
What genre did Hawthorne help establish?
American Short Story
Like Poe, Emerson, and Thoreau, Hawthorne began exploring what topic?
Nature of people (Evil vs. Good)
What genre did Hawthorne consider Scarlet Letter to be?
Romance
Novel is not colored by the ___________.
Marvelous
Novel: “Life seen in the __________”
Sunlight
Romance permits _____________________.
A modest use of the marvelous
Romance must maintain _________________, meaning it must not swerve too far from the truth.
Verisimilitude
Romance: “the familiar seen in the ___________ and warmed slightly by the ____________________.”
Moonlight; light of the fire
What word means a public shaming or degradation?
Public humiliation or degradation
What scenes form the background of the Scarlet Letter’s plot?
Scaffold
Romans crucifying people is an example of a _____________________.
Ignominious death
What tem means that although the original effect of a sin is negative, a person, through intense suffering, learns much about him or herself?
Fortunate fall
What is a piece of literature where setting, characters, dialogue and objects become symbolic called?
Allegory
What does the Forest represent in YGB? What does the town represent? Why is this ironic?
Evil; Good; All are sinners in the town, too. All have been to the forest
__________ is the nature of mankind.
Evil
Hawthorne leaves the end of YGB ambiguous, saying what?
That Brown might have fallen asleep and just dreamed it.
What is the theme of YGB and TMBV?
All are capable of sinning, although we veil our iniquities from the public
Young Goodman Brown is furthest from what type of literature?
Realism
Name 4 types of nonrealistic literature.
Fantasy, romance, fable, allegory
What allegory writers influenced Hawthorne?
Spense and John Bunyan
Why do Hawthorne’s allegories contain doubt, ambiguity and slyness?
He doesn’t possess the religious certainty of ancestors necessary for pure allegory.
Hawthorne includes “___________________” to help readers choose which way to read it.
Ocular deception
Goodman brown experiences ____________________: glee at discovering a scandal as town elders, divines, etc. are present at devil’s meeting
Schadenfreude
What sin does Brown become guilty of?
Pride (he feels he is morally superior to others)
Who did Anne Bradstreet marry? Their ages?
Simon Bradstreet (he was in her family’s care since his father’s death). He was 25; she 16.
What ship did she come to America on?
The Arabella
It was one of the first ships to bring _________ from ________ to America
Purtains; England
Simon, her husband, took up a career in what?
Politics
Who was Bradstreet’s friend, considered to be one of the first feminists in the Puritan society?
Anne Hutchinson
What is the belief that the Gospel frees Christians from required obedience to law and that salvation is attained solely through faith and the gift of divine grace called?
Antinomanism
Who published Bradstreet’s work?
Her brother-in-law John Woodbridge secretly published it in England without her permission.
What did Bradstreet die of?
TB
What sexist claim was levied against her?
Some felt her husband wrote her poems, rather than believe that a woman could have written them
What theme was Bradstreet’s writing?
Salvation and redemption
Bradstreet saw her misfortunes as “________________”
training for salvation
Bradstreet perhaps influenced _________________.
Emily Dickinson
Where did John Edwards go to college? How old was he?
Yale @ age 13
What religious revival swept through American colonies from 1735-1742?
The Great Awakening
What did Edwards believe was the essence of religious life?
Grace (believed in predestination; some could be denied grace even though they lived a good life)
“God holds you over the pit of Hell,much as one holds a ________ over the fire”
Spider
Edwards believed he had God’s grace because of what?
Thunder and lightning no longer scare him.
