Pupils

Question 1

How will an afferent pupillary defect present?

Answer 1

absent direct response to light but constricts to a beam in other eye (consensual response)

Question 2

What does the swinging flashlight test show?

Answer 2

On moving light to the normal eye both pupils should constrict then on swinging the light to the affected eye and the pupil dilates this shows a relative afferent pupillary defect.

Question 3

What are the causes of a tonic pupil and how does it typically present?

Answer 3

A lack of sympathetic innervation results in poor constriction to light. Typically a young women with sudden blurring of near vision and dilated pupil that is very slow at responding to light.

Question 4

What is myopia and how is this corrected?

Answer 4

Short sighted meaning that the light is focused infront of the retina, it is corrected by a concave divergent lens

Question 5

What is hypermetropia and how is it corrected?

Answer 5

This is far sighted and results from the light being focused behind the retina. This is corrected with convex convergent lenses.

Question 6

What is astigmatism?

Answer 6

This is when the cornea does not have a regular curve, can be corrected with lenses