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03. Pump Operating Procedure > Pumps Chapter 1 pp 1-27 > Flashcards

Pumps Chapter 1 pp 1-27 Flashcards

1
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Physical properties of _ are important to the understanding of fire service hydraulics

A

Water

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2
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Weight of water varies according to _ and _

A

Temp and mineral content

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3
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Hydraulics is a branch of the physical sciences that deals with what?

A

The properties of liquids at rest or in motion

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4
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What are two of the specialized areas within the general field of hydraulics?

A

Hydrostatics and hydrodynamics

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5
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What specialized area of hydraulics involves the motion and actions of liquids?

A

Hydrodynamics

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6
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What specialized area of hydraulics involves the pressure and equilibrium of liquids?

A

Hydrostatics

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7
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What interest does the fire service have in hydraulics?

A

As it relates to the delivery of water in sufficient quantities to extinguish fires

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8
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What helps the fire service achieve desired quantity of flows and ranges of streams?

A

Set of applied formulas

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9
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What French mathematician and scientist laid the foundation for modern hydraulics?

A

Blaise Pascal

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10
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What did Pascal discover?

A

That pressure in a liquid operates equally in all directions and that this pressure acts at right angles to containing surfaces

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11
Q

From the Pump Manual:

<p>

| What year did Pascal make his discovery about pressure in fluids?</p>

A

<p>

| 1653</p>

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12
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What is the most popular figure used to express the approx weight of one cubic foot of water?

A

62.5lbs

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13
Q

From the Pump Manual:

True or false water is practically incompressible

A

TRUE

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14
Q

From the Pump Manual:

_ is defined as a force divided by the area over which it is delivered

A

Pressure

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15
Q

From the Pump Manual:

_ pressure of water is directly proportional to it’s depth

A

Downward

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16
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How much pressure does a one foot high column of water exert per square inch?

A

0.434

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17
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What is the height of water that would produce exactly one pound of pressure per square inch?

A

2.304 feet

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18
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Downward pressure of water in an open container is in no way affected by the _ of the container

A

Shape

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19
Q

From the Pump Manual:

In a liquid what determines how much pressure is present?

A

Density or weight

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20
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How many times heavier than water is mercury?

A

13.546

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21
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What height of mercury would produce exactly one pound of pressure per square inch?

A

.17feet or 2.04 inches

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22
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What substance and the pressure developed by it plays another important role in hydraulic theory?

A

Air

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23
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What is the atmospheric pressure of the earth at sea level?

A

14.69 but commonly stated as 14.7

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24
Q

From the Pump Manual:

True or false when additional pressure is applied by some external means to a liquid at rest in a confined area the same additional pressure is transmitted equally and undiminished at every other point in the liquid.

A

TRUE

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25
Q

From the Pump Manual:

When a hoseline is placed in service from one of the outlets of the standpipe system the static pressure in the standpipe system would be reduced due to what?

A

the friction loss in the supply lines to the siamese, and in the standpipe itself.

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26
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What are hydrostatics?

A

The pressure and equilibrium of liquids at rest.

27
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What are empirical methods?

A

methods based on experience and observation.

28
Q

From the Pump Manual:

_____ is the ability of the given liquid to resist shearing forces, and varies from substance to substance.

A

viscosity

29
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What type of liquid exhibits greater resistance to movement in response to a force?

A

A liquid possessing high viscosity

30
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What effect is caused by the molecular friction within the liquid itself and where the liquid comes in contact with the confining surface?

A

The laminar effect

31
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What part of the stream has the greater velocities?

A

The center of the stream

32
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What occasions cause the changes from streamline to turbulent?

A

increase of velocity,increase of area between boundaries,roughness of carrier,attractions, degrees of curvature bends, and number of bends

33
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What are the two classifications of friction loss?

A

friction loss that occurs due to the motion of a liquid along a smooth or rough surface, and Eddy loss, which occurs at relatively abrubt changes in flow, as at a valve, or direction change, or at sudden enlargement of a channel

34
Q

From the Pump Manual:

<p>

| What word is used to indicate the quantity of liquid which will pass a given point in a given unit of time?</p>

A

<p>

| flow</p>

35
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What is the usual way of expressing volume of flow?

A

gallons per minute (GPM)

36
Q

From the Pump Manual:

_____ means the rate of speed at which liquid is moving in relation to same fixed point?

A

velocity of flow

37
Q

From the Pump Manual:

If the cross section area in part of an iron pipe were 10 square inches, and the pipe narrowed to a cross section of 2 square inches, and there was a flow of 300 GPM through entire pipe, the velocity of water in the 2 inch area would be ____ of the water in the 10 inch area?

A

5 times the velocity

38
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What determines the friction loss?

A

the velocity of the water

39
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What types of gauges have been developed to measure the forces involved in hydraulics?

A

mercury and water manometers, pitot tubes and bourdon gauges

40
Q

From the Pump Manual:

____ is a device used to measure velocity and pressure heads present within a flowing stream?

A

pitot tube

41
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What gauges consist of a curved metal tube, gears and a needle pointer?

A

bourdon gauges

42
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What are the 3 kinds of gauges?

A

those that measure only pressure, those that messure only vacuum and those that measure both.

43
Q

From the Pump Manual:

On gauges that measure preasure only, what do the calibrations represent?

A

pounds per square inch

44
Q

From the Pump Manual:

On gauges that measure vacuum only, what do the calibrations represent?

A

inches of mercury

45
Q

From the Pump Manual:

On gauges that measurepressure and vacuum, what do the calibrations represent?

A

pounds per square inch and inches of mercury

46
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What can be described as “that pressure present with atmospheric pressure representing zero”?

A

relative pressure

47
Q

From the Pump Manual:

____ is described as the actual amount of water pressure present?

A

absolute pressure

48
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How much does 1 cubic foot of water weigh?

A

62.5 pounds

49
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How many cubic inches are in one cubic foot?

A

1728 cubic inches

50
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How many gallons are in one cubic foot of water?

A

7.481

51
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How many cubic inches are in one U.S. gallon?

A

231 cubic inches

52
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How much does 1 U.S. gallon of water weigh?

A

8.35 pounds

53
Q

From the Pump Manual:

How many feet of water exerta pressure of 1 pound per square inch?

A

2.304 feet

54
Q

From the Pump Manual:

<p>

| In theory an absolutely perfect positive displacement pump could draft water, how many feet?</p>

A

<p>

| 33.9 feet</p>

55
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Are there any fire department pumpingapparatus that can lift water 33.9 feet?

A

no

56
Q

From the Pump Manual:

A pump in excellent condition can cause enough vacuum so that atmospheric pressure can force water about ___ feet and one in average condition, about ___ feet?

A

28 and 26

57
Q

From the Pump Manual:

One inch of mercury is equivilent to how many pounds per square inch?

A

.49 pounds per square inch

58
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What is a static reading?

A

A reading of an intake gauge on the pumping apparatus at that time(approx 9 inches)would represent a vacuum required solely for lift.

59
Q

From the Pump Manual:

A reading of the intake gauge, taken when operating with a particular flow of water is what?

A

A dynamic reading

60
Q

From the Pump Manual:

If your vacuum is destroyed by air leakage after the pump has been primed, what will happen?

A

It will cause the pump to lose it’s prime

61
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What term refers to the pressure prevailing in the hose immediately prior to the waters entrance into the nozzle?

A

nozzle pressure

62
Q

From the Pump Manual:

What instrument is a long ended tube with a 90 degree curve at one end?

A

pitot tube

63
Q

From the Pump Manual:

Where should the pitot tube be held when testing a stream?

A

at the center of the stream

64
Q

From the Pump Manual:

The range of a firefighting stream is dependant upon what 4 factors?

A

nozzle pressure, nozzle diameter, angle of inclination above horizontal plane and wind speed and direction.

03. Pump Operating Procedure (10 decks)

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