Pulp Flashcards
What is a pulp cavity?
Entire internal space of tooth containing pulp tissue.
What comprises the pulp cavity?
Chamber, canals, and horns
How many pulp horns are within each tooth?
Pulp horns are equal to the number to cusps
What is the largest portion of the pulp cavity?
Pulp Chamber
The chamber floor is at or just apical to the ____________________________?
CE Line
Where are the pulp canals located?
a. What are they typically called?
Anatomical Root
a. Root canals
How many canals are usually in each root?
a. What shape is one canal?
b. What shape is more than one canal?
One
a. Round cross-section
b. Elongated oval
What is a constricted opening at or near root apex?
a. What travels through this opening?
Apical Foramen
a. Nerves and blood supply
What is a small lateral extension of the root canal that often is in the apical 1/3?
Lateral (accessory) canals
What is a root canal in excess of the normal number of canals?
Supplementary canals
What is a canal that horizontally connects between canals?
Anastomosis
What are the four functions of pulp tissue?
Pulp Tissue
a. Formation of dentin by odontoblasts (primary, secondary and tertiary dentin)
b. Nutrition (blood and lymph vessels)
c. Sensation via nerve tissue
d. Defense and protection
i. Tertiary dentin (caries or trauma)
What are the four layers of Pulp histology?
Pulp Histology
a. Odontoblastic columnar layer
b. Zone of Weil (cell-free layer)
c. Cell-rich zone: fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes
d. Pulp proper (tissue): blood, lymph and nerve fibers
What characteristics does a maxillary incisors pulp canal exhibit?
Central - Triangular cervical cross-section with three pulp horns (Mamelons)
a. Lateral – two pulp horns with round cross-section
b. Chamber – wider MD with one canal
What characteristics does a mandibular incisors pulp canal exhibit?
One canal wider FL (no pulp horns) – 1-2% show two canals
What characteristics does a maxillary canine pulp canal exhibit?
Greatest FL dimensions of anteriors
a. No pulp horns (?)
b. Oval cervical cross-section
What characteristics does a mandibular canine pulp canal exhibit?
Similar to maxillary cannines (6% have two canals/roots = labial and lingual)
What characteristics does a maxillary first premolar pulp canal exhibit?
a. Cervical cross-section?
b. Mid-root cross-section?
Two roots and two canals (one root variety has two pulp canals)
a. Two pulp horns (buccal larger than lingual)
b. Lingual canal has larger orifice (opening)
c. Pulp chamber wider FL
d. Lingual diameter wider than buccal (buccal longer than lingual canal)
a. Bean-shape
b. Mid-root
i. Bean-shape (single root)
ii. Hour glass (laminated)
iii. Two separate round outlines (two roots)
What characteristics does a maxillary second premolar pulp canal exhibit?
Wider FL with 2 pulp horns
a. One root and one canal
b. Occasionally lamination and branching at the apical 1/3
What characteristics does a mandibular first premolar pulp canal exhibit?
Two pulp horns: larger buccal and smaller lingual (usually one canal)
a. If two canals: buccal and lingual
What characteristics does a mandibular second premolar pulp canal exhibit?
Two to three pulp horns (2 or 3 cusps)
a. pulp chamber more ovoid than first premolar (one pulp canals, occasionally two canals)
What characteristics does a maxillary first molar pulp canal exhibit?
Three to four pulp canals:
a. Lingual(1) : largest, ovoid MD
b. Distobuccal (1): smallest
c. Mesiobuccal (1-2):ovoid FL
What characteristics does a maxillary second molar pulp canal exhibit?
MB, DB & L root canals (MB usually 1 canal, occasionally 2 canals)
What characteristics does a mandibular first molar pulp canal exhibit?
Five pulp horns
a. Two root but usually three pulp canals
i. MB and ML canals
ii. Distal canal (or DB and DL)
b. Cross-section
i. Distal: largest and ovoid
ii. MB: next largest and round
iii. ML: smallest and round
What characteristics does a mandibular second molar pulp canal exhibit?
Four pulp horns (4 cusps)
a. Usually three canals (MB, ML, D)
i. Sometimes only two canals (M and D)
