Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

usmle step 2 > Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pulmonology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Classification of asthma 2

A

Intermittent and persistent

Presistent-Mild,Moderate,severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Quid asthma intermittent and RX

A

Symptom< ou egal 2f par semaine nightime awakening,</ 2f month use B2 agonist </ 2f par semaine
RX:Albuterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Quid asthma Mild persistent and RX

A

Symptom>2 f par semaine,3 a 4 nightime awakening/month

Rx albuterol + inhaled corticosteroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Quid asthma moderate persistent and RX

A

daily symptom,weekly nightime awakening,FEV 60-80

SABA+inhaled corticisteroid +long acting B2 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Quid severe asthma and RX

A

daily symptoms,frequent nightime awakening,FEV<60

Same as Astma moderate +prednisone oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Organ involved in wegener 3

A

Upper and lower respitatory

renal involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Renal involvement in wegener

A

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rx of wegener

A

corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

COPD and acute respiratory distress

A

Rule out secondary pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physiopato seconary pneumothorax in COPD

A

blebs rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

quid Blebs

A

dilated apical alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dx of Blebs

A

CT scan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Management of acute exacerbation of COPD

A

NPPV,decreases Mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cause of recurrent pneumonia involving same lung area(4)

A

Alcohol use,GERD,seizures,brochial stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Community acquired Pneumonia with skin involvement

A

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Bugs causing Atypical pneumonia(4)

A

Mycoplasma P,Legionelle P,Chlamidya P,Coxiella and influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Disease causing granulomatous inflammation(2)….

A

TB,sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dx confirmatory of Sarcoidosis

A

Biopsy by brochoscopy or by mediatinoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Recurrent Pneumonia in smoker

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pulmonary disease with high A-a gradient(2)….

A

PCP,PE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Causof recurrent pneumonia involving different sites of the lung(3)

A

Sinopulmonary disease
immunodeficiency
Nonn infectious cause,vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cause of sinopulmonary disease reccurente(2)

A

Cystic fibrosis

immotile cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Rx CAP for inpatient

A

Levofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Rx CAP for out patient(2)

A

Azythromycin

Dox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dx of pulmonary HT(2)

A

Prominent pulmonary arteries

Enlarged right heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Physiopatho ARDS in acute pancreatitis

A

Phospholipase A2 causes inflammation in lung and destroys surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

quid Pancoast tumor

A

Non small cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Findings in Pancoast Tumor(5)

A 
Shoulder Pain
Horner's syndrome
C8-T2 involvement
weight loss
supra clavicular lymph node
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Manif for c8-t2 involvement(3)

A

Paresthesie 4e et 5e doigt,bras et face ant avant-bras

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Pneumonia et digestive symptom or hyponatremia or neurologic problem

A

Legionella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

dx of legionella(2)

A

antigen in urine or charcoal agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Rx of legionella(2)

A

Quinolone or macrolide(Azytromycin or levofloxacin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Why b2 agonists causes hypokaliemia

A

they drive k+ into cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Manif of HypoK+(3)

A

Mx weakness
arythmia
EKG changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Why shock in massive PE

A

RV dilation
Septum is pushed towards left ventricle
Low ejection fraction—shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Epidemio of histoplasmosis(2)

A

Missisipi,Ohio river

Link with guano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Pulmonary nodule in non smoker

A

rule out histoplasmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Quid of respiratory acidosis(3)

A

Low PH45

Normal HCO3- 22-28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

cause of respiratory acidosis

A

Hypoventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Main indication of BAL(2)

A

PCP

Malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Indication for inferior vena cava filter placement(3)

A

contrindication to anticoagulant
HIT
DVT on heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Manif of Theophyline toxicity(2)

A

Neurologic

Palpitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Metabolism of theophyline

A

Cytochrome P450

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

drug inhibiting CP450

A 
Cimetidine
clarythromycin
ciprofloxacin
erythromycin
verapamil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

FEV% in Obstructive disease

A

<70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

FEV% in restrictive disease

A

> 70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Restrictive disease with low DLCO

A

Intersticial disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Restrictive disease with normal DLCO

A

Mx chest weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Bug causing pneumonia in alcoholics

A

Klebsiella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Quid Friedlander Pneumoniae(2)

A

Jelly sputum

Klebsiella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Bugs causing empyema(3)

A

Strep Pneumo
Staph aureus
Klebsiella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Quid Empyema

A

Pus in pleural space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Rx of empyema(2)

A

drainage

antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Most common site of Wegener

A

Upper respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Wegener Quid(4)

A

Upper respiratory tract involvement
Lower respiratory tract involvement
Renal involvement
Ulcer in leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

rx for Wegener

A

cyclophosphamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

PH fluid for empyema

A

<7,2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Acute productive cough with no fever and wheezing and sore throat

A

acute bronchitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Rx of acute bronchitis

A

Supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

sleep apnea syndrome management

A

weight reduction
avoid supine position
avoid alcohol and sedatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Therapeutic INR

A

2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

indication of endotracheal intubation in asthma

A

Normal or High PCO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Bad prognosis in asthma acute exacerbation

A

Normal or High PCO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

First measure in hypersensitivity pneumonitis

A

avoid antigen exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Two forms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis(2)

A

Bird fancier’s Lung

farmer’s Lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Pneumonia linked with cruise

A

Legionella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

PE and renal failure :RX

A

unfractionnated heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

abnormal GFR

A

<30/ml/mn/1,73m2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Dx of adult astma

A

Increase FEV% after administration of bronchodilator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

COPD exacerbation management(4)

A

Albuterol
ipratopium
antibiotics
corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Management of exercice induced astma

A

Short acting agonist 20 mn before exercising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Light criteria(4)

A

Protein pleural fluid/protein serum >0.5
LDH pleural fluid/LDH serum>0,6
LDH pleural fluid>2/3 upper limit LDH serum
Favor exsudate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Management of solitary nodule in non smoker <40 ans

A

serial chest xray to see if mass is incresing in volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Prognosis of solitary nodule in nonsmoker

A

stable during 2 years ,no cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Indication of home oxygen in COPD(3)

A

Pa0255 si Pao2<60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

PH of pleura transudate

A

7,4-7,55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

PH of pleural exsudate

A

7,30-7,45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Quid of flail chest

A

> / 3 ribs adjacent ruptured in two places

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Rx

A

Positive pressure ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Risk of flail chest

A

Paradoxical respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Co2 Narcosis Manif(2)

A

Seizure

cardiac problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Risk for co2 narcosis

A

patient with acute or chronic respiratory failure treated with high o2 flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Best site to biopsy for wegener

A

nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Anapath wegener(2)

A

Medium and small size arteries involvement

granulomatous inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

PCO2 value in secondary pneumothorax causing by COPD

A

Normal 33-45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

PCO2 value in acute exacerbation causing by COPD

A

High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

2e cause of reccurent pneumoniae involving same site

A

Local anatomic brochial obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Lofgren syndrome(4)

A

Adenonopathie hilaire
erythema nodosum
fever
polyarthritis migratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

disease with lofgren syndrome

A

sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Biopsy findings in sarcoidosis

A

Non caseating granuloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

cause of bronchial obstruction(3)

A

Bronchial stenosis
ca(bronchogenic carcinoma or carcinoisd tumor)
foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

In reccurrent pneumonia test to do and why

A

Chest CT

to rule out bronchial obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Seizures and respiratory

A

seizures can cause apnea and hypoventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Workup of PVCP pneumonia(3)

A

Chest xray
Sputum induction by hypertonic saline
BAL si sputum induction fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Quid of bronchodilator challenge in obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Si FEV% increases:asthma

No change:COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Triad of wegener

A

Systemic vasculitis
Upper and lower respiratory tract infection
renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Rx of severe asthma exacerbation(4)

A

SABA
Ipratopium
corticisteroid
si no improvement intubation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Rx for mild to moderate asthma exacerbation(2)

A

SABA

No Improvement corticosteroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Confirmatory test for legionella(2)

A

Charcoal agar

or Urine antigen testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

When to initiate warfarin in DVT

A

when PTT>1,5 or 2 fois la normale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Inchronic respiratory acidosis ,link between PCO2 et HCO3

A

each 10 mm de hg of PCO2,HCO3- increases 0f 3,5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Exsudate physio patho

A

Increase capillary permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Transudate physio patho

A

Increase hydrostatic pressure

Decrease oncotic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

Centrally located nodule work up

A

Broncoscopy for Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

peripherically located nodule

A

CT guided Biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

Measure to decrease mortality in COPD (3)

A

Home 02
stop smoking
lung reduction surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Ideal sao2 for patient with acute exacerbation of COPD on O2

A

90-94%

108
Q

Risk for patient with acute exacerbation COPD and high Sao2(3)

A

Haldane effect
risk of co2 narcosis because of low affinity of HB for CO2
co2 is free in tissue

109
Q

First site of matastasis of choriocarcinoma

A

Lung

110
Q

Dx of choriocarcinoma

A

BHCG en serie

111
Q

hematologic side effect of steroids

A

Leukocytosis(Neutropphilia)

112
Q

Link between GERD and astma

A

GERD can exacerbate asthma

113
Q

Cor Pulmonale findings

A

Dyspnea
dialted pulmonary artery
Right heart failure(Increased P2)

114
Q

Middle mediastinum Mass DX(5)

A 
Trachea tumor
bronchogenic cyst
pericardic cyst
aorta aneurysm
lymphoma
115
Q

Anterior Mediastinum Mass(4)

A

Terrible Lymphoma
Thymoma
Teratoma
Thyroid Mass

116
Q

Posterior Mediastinum Mass(3)

A

Neurogenic Mass
aortic aneurism
esophageal mass(Leiyomyoma)

117
Q

Physiopatho respiratory distress in ARDS

A

Infection or Phoslipase A2 cause inflamamatory change in alveli=gaz exchange -
cytokines or Phospholipase A2 destroy surfactant=stiff lung=decrease lung compliance

118
Q

Quid of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy(2)

A

clubbing

hand pain

119
Q

significance of Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

A

Lun cancer
TB
Emphysema
bronchiectasis

120
Q

chronic cough causes(12)

A 
Post nasal drip
asthma
bronchiectasis
GERD
ACE inhibitor
Mtral stenosis
TB
Broncite chroniques
sclerodermia
sarcoidosis
fungal infection 
cancer of lung
121
Q

Rx of post nasal drip

A

anti histaminique with anti cholinergic effect

122
Q

COPD plus clubbing

A

Lung cancer

123
Q

Risk for DVT above the knee

A

PE

124
Q

Quid of DVT above the knee(3)

A

-illiac
femoral
popliteal

125
Q

travel to mexico or any developing countries

A

Infectious disease

126
Q

Physio patho of chronic cough in Mitral stenosis(3)

A

Left atrial enlargement

compression on reccurent laryngeal nerve–>cough and hoarsening of the voice

127
Q

Cause of exsudate(5)

A 
Infection
Malignancy
rhumatologic disease(connective tissue )
PE
Iatrogenic
128
Q

Dx of bronchiectasis

A

chest ct scan

129
Q

Clue for GERD induced asthma

A

Hoarseness in the morning

130
Q

dx et Rx of GERD induced asthma

A

Pomp inhibitor

131
Q

When suspect anaerobic pneumonia(3)

A

After any procedure involving upper digestive tract
Failure in rx CAP rx
Any neurologic problem impairing swallowing ability

132
Q

Normal A-a gradient

A

<15

133
Q

cause high A-a gradient(3)

A 
Diffusion limitation(Interticial disease)
VQ mismatch(PE,pulmonary edema)
Shunt intra cardiac
134
Q

Calculation of A-a gradient

A

PAo2-Pao2

135
Q

Respiratory distress in new intubated patient/why(2)

A

right main bonchus intubation

because of pulmonary edema

136
Q

VQ mismatch physiologic shunting effect

A

lyng down on affected lung decreases SAO2 because of increase physiologic shunting

137
Q

role of FIO2 in ventilation settings(2)

A

Helps to know the degree of oxygenation

50 a 60 is the required value

138
Q

why glucose is low in exsudate<60

A

because of presence of white cells

139
Q

indication of chest thoracostomy in the setting of parapneumonic effusion(2)

A

low PH < 7,2 in pleural fluid

low glucose <60

140
Q

OPD with normal DLCO (carbone monoxyde diffusion a 100%)

A

chronic bronchitis

141
Q

OPD with high DLCO

A

asthma

142
Q

OPD with decreased DLCO

A

Emphysema

143
Q

pulmonary cause of hemoptysis(7)

A 
Bronchitis
PE
Bronchiectasis
cancer
TB
Lung abcess
Wegener
144
Q

Quid of chronic bronchitis

A

productive cough lasting for 3 months 2 years consecutives

145
Q

COPD exacerbation with respiratory failure

A

NPPV noninvasive positive pressure ventilation

146
Q

COPD with failure of NPPV

A

endotracheal intubation

147
Q

spirometry of ARDS

A

Pao2/fi02<300mm de hg

148
Q

xray of ARDS

A

bilateral opacily

149
Q

Bugs causing lung infection in bronchiectasis

A

Pseudomonas

150
Q

VQ mismatch(3)

A

Pulmonary edema
PE
PCP

151
Q

cause of respiratory distress(4)

A

ARDS
Trauma
Infection
OPD

152
Q

PAo2 calculation

A

Fio2(Patm-PH20)-Pco2/r
0,21 (760-47)-pco2/0,80
149,73-pco2/0,80

153
Q

Cause of Hypoxia(5)

A 
Hypoventilation(CNS depression)
Reduced o2 inspired(high altitude)
Vq mismatch
diffusion limitation
intracardiac shunt
154
Q

hypoxia which can be corrected by O2

A

intracardiac shunt

155
Q

cause of low glucose in pleural fluid(4)

A

TB
Empyema
Rhumatoid arthritis
Malignancy

156
Q

drug induced lupus(3)

A

hydralazine
isoniazid
procainamide

157
Q

Drug induced lupus causes exsudate ou transudate

A

exsudate

158
Q

cause of hyper coagulable state(6)

A 
OCP use
Facteur V leiden
Dehydration
Protien C et S deficiency
cancer
Hyperhomocyteinemie(folate,B12,B6)
159
Q

Does seminoma produce AFP

A

no

160
Q

Mixed germ cell tumor dx

A

AFP and BHCG are produced

161
Q

Extra pulmonary manif of ca pulmonaire(3)

A

Paraneoplastic syndrome
Pancoast syndrome
SVC syndrome

162
Q

Cause of ARDS(4)

A

infection
acute pancreatitis
trauma
massive transfusion

163
Q

Physical exam in pneumonia(4)

A

consolidation—>
Dulness to percussion
Increase tactile fremitus
bronchial type sound or decreased breath sound

164
Q

Physical exam in pleural effusion(3)

A

Decreased breath sound
decrease tactile fremitus
dulness to percussion

165
Q

Pulmonary embolism and RV dilation(2)

A

Increase pulmonary artery pressure

right atrial and ventricular dilation

166
Q

Physio patho of ACE inhibitor induced cough

A

accumulation of kinin

167
Q

respiratory acidosis compensation(2)

A

renal retention of bicarb

decrease chloride reabsorbtion

168
Q

why sleep apnea can cause respiratory acidosis

A

hypoventilation

169
Q

complication of sleep apnea(3)

A

respiratory acidosis
cor pulmonale
hta pulomanire

170
Q

bad prognosis of acute asthma attack(5)

A 
High or normal PCO2
silent lung
cyanosis
altered sensorium
difficulty speech
171
Q

Characteristic of atypical pneumonia

A

cause extra pulmonary features

172
Q

Dx of bronchiectasis

A

CT of chest

173
Q

Complication of bronchiectasis

A

Hemoptysis

174
Q

side effect# 1 of bclomethasone use

A

oral thrush

175
Q

type of hypersensitivity is aspirin induced asthma(2)

A

indeterminate

It’a a pseudo allergic reaction

176
Q

Rx of aspirin induced asthma

A

antagonist of leukotrien

177
Q

action of aspirin(2)

A

block cox 1 and cox 2

Accumulalation of leukotrien from lipoxygenase pathway

178
Q

action of steroid(3)

A 
block phospholipase 
no arachidonic acid produced
both pathways(lipoxygenase and cyclooygenase ) are blocked
179
Q

gold standard for DX CAP

A

chest xray

180
Q

gold standard to DX sleep apnea

A

nocturnal polysomnography

181
Q

cause of empyema(4)

A

Lung infection
post hemothorax
neighborhood abcess(hepatic )
esophageal rupture

182
Q

Post hemothorax empyema dx and rx(2)

A

CT of chest

surgery

183
Q

Most common inherited disorder causing hypercoagulable state

A

factor v leiden

184
Q

Physiopatho factor v leiden

A

Point mutation

Can be activate by protein C

185
Q

Acido basis balance in COPD

A

respiratory acidosis

186
Q

acidobasic balance in CHF

A

respiratory alkalosis

187
Q

organ involvement in goodpasture disease(2)

A

lung involvement

renal involvement

188
Q

physio patho of goodpasture(2)

A

antibody against type iv collagen

antibody anti basement membrane

189
Q

ventilated patient with high PA02 but normal PH,management

A

decrease FIO2

190
Q

ventilated patient with high Pao2 and respiratory alkalosis,management

A

decrease respiratory rate

191
Q

clue for alpha 1 anti trypsine deficiency(2)

A

emphysema in non smoker and young

cirrhosis in young patient

192
Q

confirmatory dx of AAT deficiency

A

Measure alpha 1 anti trypsine

193
Q

cause of transudat(4)

A

CHF
cirrhosis
nephrotic syndrome
peritoneal dyalisis

194
Q

Qui of non allergic rhinitis(2)

A

Post nasal drip,

chronic cough important clue

195
Q

modality of treatment of non allergic rhinitis(2)

A

intranasal glucocorticoid or intra antihistaminique

oral anti allergic with anticholinergic effect

196
Q

Xray findings in PE

A

Hampton’s hump

westermak’s sign

197
Q

Most common symptom of PE(2)

A

Shortness of breath

pleuritic chest pain

198
Q

EKG in PE(2)

A

sinus tachycardia

S1Q3T3

199
Q

Bad prognosis in PE(2)

A

AFIB

Low saturation

200
Q

wells modified criteria 3 points(2)

A

3 points si DVT

si aucun autre dx ne peut etre retenu

201
Q

wells modified criteria 1,5 points(3)

A

immobilisation
recent surgery
tachycardy >100

202
Q

Wells modified criteria 1 point (2)

A

Ca

Hemoptysis

203
Q

Next step in Wells modified >4(3)

A

Ct angiography of chest
si positif heparin
si negatif exlude PE

204
Q

Next step if wells criteria<4

A

Ddimer measure
>500 ng—>ct scan chest
<500 exclude PE

205
Q

epidemio of blastomycosis(3)

A

ohio
missisipi
great lakes

206
Q

clue for blastomycosis

A

Lung infection
ulcerative skin lesion
bone osteolytic lesion

207
Q

normal PH in blood

A

7,35-7,45

208
Q

normal PaO2

A

75-105

209
Q

Normal PaCO2

A

33-45

210
Q

Lung exam during food allergy

A

stridor

211
Q

Physiopatho of stridor in food allergy

A

laryngeal edema

212
Q

Why diaphram is flat in late COPD

A

Hyperinflation

213
Q

Consequence of diaphram flattening

A

increase work of breathing

214
Q

What are increased in COPD(2)

A

-residual lung volume

total lung capacity

215
Q

Why residual lung volume is increased in COPD

A

because air is trapped in lungs

216
Q

Why total lung capacity is increased in COPD

A

because of hyperinflation

217
Q

Mobile cavity mass on chest xray and hemoptysis

A

aspergiloma

218
Q

Rx of anaphylactic shock

A

IM epinephrine

219
Q

Common cause of anaphylaxis in the US

A

bee stung

220
Q

20 years later pateient treated for hodgkin lymphoma by radiation develops lung mass Dx?

A

secondary malignancy induced by radiation

221
Q

other complication of radiation used during Hogkin lymphoma treatment(2)

A

Acute leukemia

Non hogkin lymphoma

222
Q

First cause of daytime sleepiness in the US

A

sleep apnea

223
Q

complication of sleep apnea

A

Erythrocytosis
HTA pulmonaire
right ventricular failure

224
Q

Most common secodary ca in radiation during H Lymphoma(5)

A 
Lung
breast
bone
thyroid
digestive
225
Q

Risk factor for sleep apnea(3)

A

obesity
tonsillar hypertrophy
hypothyroidism

226
Q

Asbestosis and occupation(7)

A 
Mining
plumbing
construction worker
shipyard
insulation worker
carpenter
Plastic and rubber industry
227
Q

when worker will develop asbestosis

A

> 20 years after exposure

228
Q

Key pulmonary findings of asbestosis

A

pleural plaques

229
Q

what’s the risk of asbestosis(2)

A

Malignant mesothelioma

Bronchogenic carcinoma

230
Q

chest xray findings in asbestosis

A

Pleural plaques

intersticial abnormalities

231
Q

Spirometry in asbestosis(2)

A

Normal FEV%

Low DLCO

232
Q

Mainstay of rx of acute COPD exacerbation(2)

A

Albuterol nebulizer

corticosteroid

233
Q

Cause of ARDS(5)

A 
Sepsis
acute pancreatitis
severe bleeding
burns 
toxic ingestion
234
Q

Cause of digital clubbing

A

Lung cancer

cystic fibrosis

235
Q

Mainstay of rx of ARDS

A

Mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume and PEEP

236
Q

role of PEEP

A

preventing alveolar collapse

237
Q

PEEP in ARDS

A

15 mm de h20

238
Q

respiratory failure in setting of infection

A

ARDS

239
Q

Chest trauma and respiratory failure DX

A

ARDS

240
Q

syptomatic rx of COPD(2)

A

Anti muscarinic

SABA

241
Q

Cause of Pancoast tumor

A

Sulcus superior tumor

242
Q

Physical exam in Pneumonia with no airway obstruction(2)

A

Dullness to percussion

Bonchial type sound(louder expiratory component or louder breath sounds)

243
Q

Physical exam in pneumonia with airway obstruction(2)

A

Dulness to percussion

decrease breath sound

244
Q

recurrent pnemonia in dementia patient

A

aspiration

245
Q

cause of aspiration in dementia patient or inconsciousness state

A

impaired epiglottic reflexe

246
Q

% risk of cancer in smoker with asbestosis

A

59 fold risk

247
Q

Localisation of pleural plaques in chest xray and morphology of plaques(2)

A

on diaphram coupole

needle shape

248
Q

3 most common causes of chronic cough

A

post nasal drip
GERD
asthma

249
Q

what’s the primary long term intervention in asthma management

A

inhaled corticosteroid

250
Q

what’s the primary long term intervention in COPD management

A

Anticholinergic(ipratopium)

251
Q

How will be urine PH in respiratory alkalosis

A

HIGH

252
Q

why Urin PH is high in respiratory alkalosis(3)

A

renal compensation
decrease reabsorbtion of HCO3
Increase reabsorption of H+

253
Q

Pneumonie in immunocompromised patient

A

PCP

254
Q

chest Xray in PCP

A

Diffuse intersticial infiltrates

255
Q

V/q scan in PE(2)

A

perfusion defect

without ventilation defect

256
Q

High PEEP complication(3)

A

tension pneumothorax
Alveolar damage
hypotension

257
Q

Patient on mechanical ventilation develops absence of breath sound unilaterally

A

tension pneumothorax

258
Q

Quid of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

deposition of collagen in perialveolar tissues

259
Q

A-a gradient in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(2)

A

High

diffusion problem

260
Q

Most common infection causing intersticial lung disease(3)

A

TB
viral pneumonia
Fungal infection

261
Q

Most common vasculitis involved in intersticial lung disease

A

Wegener

262
Q

Most common occupationnal disorder causing intersticial lung disease(2)

A

silicose

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

263
Q

most common connective tissue causing intersticial lung disease(2)

A

SLE

Sclerodema

264
Q

other causes of Intersticial lung disease(3)

A

idipathic pulmonary fibrosis
Intersticial pneumonia
cryptogenic organising pneumonia

265
Q

Chest xray of interticial lung disease(2)

A

reticular

nodular opacities

usmle step 2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions