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Respiratory > Pulmonary Tumors > Flashcards

Pulmonary Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of lung tumors are primary bronchogenic carcinomas?

A

95%

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2
Q

What is the most common benign tumor of the lung?

A

Pulmonary Hamartoma

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3
Q

What is the misnomer associated with Pulmonary Hamartoma?

A

The name Hamartoma

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4
Q

What is the typical size range of a Pulmonary Hamartoma?

A

1-4 cm

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5
Q

What is the peak incidence age range for bronchogenic carcinoma?

A

Fifties and sixties

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6
Q

What percentage of patients diagnosed with bronchogenic carcinoma already have distant metastases?

A

> 50%

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7
Q

What is the 5-year survival rate for all stages of lung cancer?

A

16%

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8
Q

Which type of bronchogenic carcinoma is most common in women and never-smokers under 45 years?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

What is the strongest association for squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Smoking

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10
Q

What is the typical histologic feature of large cell carcinoma?

A

Lacks cytologic features of other lung cancers

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11
Q

True or False: Small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) are centrally located and have a strong association with smoking.

A

True

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: Lung cancer spreads through direct invasion, lymphatic spread, and _______.

A

Blood spread

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13
Q

What is the clinical feature that often indicates localized, resectable disease in lung cancer?

A

Chronic cough and expectoration

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14
Q

What paraneoplastic syndrome is associated with squamous cell neoplasms?

A

Hypercalcemia caused by secretion of a PTH-related peptide

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15
Q

What is the prognosis for small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) compared to squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma?

A

Poorer prognosis

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16
Q

What percentage of carcinoid tumors represent all pulmonary neoplasms?

A

About 5%

17
Q

What is the typical histological feature of typical carcinoids?

A

Nests of uniform cells with ‘salt-and-pepper’ chromatin

18
Q

What are the principal causes of pleural exudate formation?

A
  • Bacterial infection
  • Malignancy
  • Pulmonary infarction
  • Viral pleurisy
19
Q

What is a common complication of pneumothorax?

A

Mediastinal shift with lung compression

20
Q

What cancer is associated with asbestos exposure and affects mesothelial cells?

A

Malignant mesothelioma

21
Q

What gross feature is typical of malignant mesothelioma?

A

A layer of yellow-white, firm, gelatinous tumor

22
Q

What are the three histologic types of malignant mesothelioma?

A
  • Epithelial
  • Sarcomatous
  • Mixed
23
Q

What is the fate of transudates and serous exudates if the cause is eliminated?

A

Resorbed without residual effects

Respiratory (4 decks)

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