Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiopulmonary Lab Practical > Pulmonary Treatment > Flashcards

Pulmonary Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

Airway clearance techniques include:

A

Percussion
Vibration
Postural drainage
Active Cycle of Breathing
Coughing
Positive Expiratory Pressure

*Optimize airway patency, promote alveolar expansion/ventiliation, INC gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Indications for airway clearance include:

A

Impaired mucociliary transport
Excessive pulmonary secretions
Ineffective/absent cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should pts be given before performing airway clearnace techniques?

A

Bronchodilator meds to enhance overall outcome of intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PRECAUTIONS for Percussion/Vibration include:

A

Uncontrolled bronchospasm
Osteoporosis
Rib fx
Cancer to ribs
Tumor
Anxiety
Seizures
Pacemaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS for Percussion/Vibrations include:

A

Hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
Pneumothorax
Platelets below 20,000
Unstable hemodynamic wound
Open wounds
Pulmonary Embolism
Emphysema
Skin graft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Postural Drainage =

A

Gravity assisted positions to mobilize secretions from lobes of lungs –> large airways –> expelled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Postural drainage PRECAUTIONS

A

Pulmonary edema
Hemoptysis
Obesity
Pleural effusion
Massive ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Postural drainage CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

INC ICP
Hemodynamically unstable
Spinal fusion
Head trauma
Diaphragm hernia
Eye surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you know if chest PT was effective?

A

Changes in:
- Sputum production
- Lung sounds
- Subjective responses to PT (“I can take a deeper breath”)
- Vital signs
- Chest x-ray
- ABG or O2 sat levels
- Ventilator variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Active cycle of breathing

A

Repetition of
1. Breathing control (relaxed breathing/w/ diaphragm, put hands on belly)

  1. 3-4 Thoracic expansion (hands on ribs)
  2. Breathing control
  3. 3-4 TE
  4. Breathing control
  5. Forced expiratory technique (breathing control + huffing, cough)
  6. Breathing control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What’s a major pro to teaching a pt active cycle of breathing?

A

Just as effective as percussion, but they can do it on their own!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Coughing using UE and LE

A

*Airway clearance

PNF

Inhale combo with trunk extension & elevate UE

Exhale combo w/trunk flexion & lower UE

Maximizes intrathoracic & intra-abdominal pressures with contractions & trunk movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Facilitate inspiratory effect =

A

Breathe in

Shoulder FLEX + ABD + ER + look UP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Facilitate exhalation =

A

Breathe out

Shoulder EXT + ADD + IR + look DOWN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How could you instruct your pt to position their pelvis to help engage diaphragm?

A

POST tilt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Whats another way you could teach someone how to engage their diaphragm?

A

Sniff!

17
Q

What are some positions you could teach that would relieve dyspnea??

A
  1. Standing - lean forward on supported hands
  2. Sitting - lean forward, elbows supported on knees
  3. Sitting - Lean forward while laying upper body/head on pillow
18
Q

Why do the dypsnea relief positions work?

A

Leaning on UE =

INC intraabdominal pressure rises & pushes the diaphragm up = relief

Enables the accessory muscles to be able to act on the rib cage & thorax for greater expansion & inspiration

19
Q

Describe what the dyspnea scale is:

A
  1. Mild - Noticeable to pt, but NOT observer
  2. Some difficulty - Noticeable to observer
  3. Moderate difficulty, but can continue
  4. SEVERE difficulty - pt can NOT continue
20
Q

Where do you want your pt to be on dyspnea scale while exercising?

A

Want them at a 2-3

21
Q

Huffing

A

*Cough technique/airway clearance
*If pt is unable to cough

Take a deep breath in & breath out in rapid exhalations (like fogging a mirror)

Allows you to move secretions from small airways to large airways to be coughed out

“Like fogging up a mirror”

22
Q

Pursed lip breathing

A

*Decrease dyspnea symptoms (esp w/activity)

Slows HR, slows RR, decreases pressure and reduced airway collapse during expiration

*Clinical sign of COPD

Inhale through the nose for several seconds with the mouth closed and exhale over 4-6 seconds through lips in a whistle position

23
Q

Diaphragmatic Controlled breathing

A

*Manage dyspnea, reduce atelectasis & inc oxygenation

Goal = DEC accessory muscle usage & inc diaphragm

-Position pt in posterior pelvic tilt
-Have pt sniff to demo diaphragm
-Pt hands on stomach, sniff 3x, & exhale

24
Q

How could you progress diaphragmatic controlled breathing?

A

Reducing number of sniffs to eventually not sniffing just regular relaxed breathing

-transition to sitting, standing

25
Q

How could you regress diaphragmatic breathing?

A

Semi-fowler or SL to for gravity eliminated position

  • can add scoop resisted technique
26
Q

Paced Breathing

A

*Control dyspnea/breathing (esp w/activity)

Typically timed/coordinated with activity/exercise

Inhale with rest & exhale during contraction/work

27
Q

Inspiratory Hold

A

Airway clearance

Improves flow of air to poorly ventilated regions of the lungs (gets behind secretions)

Hold breath at peak of inspiration for 2-3 seconds & do relaxed exhale

Can be combined with vibration

28
Q

Splinting

A

Improve pt’s ability to cough

Hold pillow & squeeze cough

29
Q

Controlled cough

A

*For WEAK cough

Use especially if pt needs verbal cueing

Take 3 total breathes & on the 3rd breath cough firmly

Can squeeze pillow or towel on chest (like splinting)

30
Q

Costophrenic Assist

A

*For pt who are too weak to GENERATE cough

Pt is supine with PT hands on bottom angles of the rib cage

Pt takes normal breathes until instructed to hold the air in & then cough

During cough, PT squeezes ribs together & POST pressure to enhance force of pt’s exhale (squeeze them together & push down toward table)

31
Q

Heimlich Assist

A

*Use for FLACCID pts to generate cough

Use if not responding to other techniques

Pt supine and is instructed to take several normal breaths & then a deep breath in

As pt takes deep breath, PT quickly pushes under the diaphragm with the heel of the hand (near the base of the sternum)

32
Q

ANT Chest Compressions

A

*Used for very weak pt to assist in generating a cough

PT has one forearm under clavicles & other under ribcage

PT supinates/diagonally pulls arms together as pt tries to cough (the V one)

**More effective than costophrenic bc it adds compression

33
Q

Incentive Spirometer

A

*Practice diaphragmatic breathing
*Prevent or reduce atelectasis *Stimulate cough

Emphasis for pt who have weak cough & abdominals + post surgery

Sit EOB

Spirometer kept upright

Lips tight around mouthpiece

Breathe in slowly & deeply as possible Hold breath as long as possible then exhale slowly

10 reps every hour

*move indicator on the side to track progress

34
Q

Inspiratory Muscle Training

A

*S&S of dec strength or endurance of diaphragm & intercostal muscles

Use handheld device for resistance training

2x/day for 15-30 minutes

35
Q

Thoracic and Upper Bpdy Stretching using Towels

A

*For pt has reduced mobility

Can place a towel or foam roller down the spine for anterior chest wall mobility

Can place pt SL over a towel to inc lateral chest wall mobility

Can include elevating UE to inc stretch

Seated with bilateral UE PNF patterns

Cardiopulmonary Lab Practical (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions