Pulmonary Structure And Function

Question 1

Functions of the lungs

Answer 1

Gas exchange

Metabolizes compounds

Filters the blood

Reservoir for blood

Speech and vocalization

Question 2

Movement of O2 and CO2 is by

Answer 2

Simple diffusion (blood-gas interface)

Question 3

Thickness of blood-barrier

Answer 3

0.2-0.3 micrometers

Question 4

Area of gas exchange

Answer 4

50-100m^2

Question 5

How many alveoli

Answer 5

500 million

Question 6

Diffusion of gases depends on…

Answer 6

The partial pressure of gas in a mixture

Question 7

Calculation of partial pressure

Answer 7

Concentration of gas x total pressure

For O2

0.21 X 760mmHg = 159 mmHg

Question 8

Henry’s Law

Answer 8

Liquid exposed to a gas until equilibrium has the same partial pressure as the gas

Question 9

Volume of the anatomic dead space (conducting zone)

Answer 9

150 mL

~1mL/lb

Question 10

Volume of alveolar region

Answer 10

2.5-3.0 L

Question 11

Total cross sectional area =?

Answer 11

of branches X diameter (cm)

Decreases until you hit the brochioles…then increases alot

Question 12

Diameter of capillary

Answer 12

7-10 micrometer

Question 13

Thickness of capillary wall

Answer 13

Less then 0.3 micrometers

Question 14

How long does blood spend in the pulmonary capillaries

Answer 14

0.75 seconds

Question 15

Surfactant

Answer 15

Lowers surface tension…to prevent alveoli from collapsing

Question 16

Macrophages recycle what

Answer 16

Damaged/old surfactant

Question 17

Particles deposited in conducting airways are transported…

Answer 17

Cephalad by ciliary movement

Question 18

Macrophages and neutrophils

Answer 18

Engulf particles in alveoli

Question 19

Turbinates

Answer 19

Increase temperature to 37C

Humidify to 47mmHg H20

This inspired air has ppO2 of…

0.21 x (760-47) ~ 150 mmHg