Pulmonary MKSAP Flashcards
What defines massive hemoptysis?
100 mL of blood (1/2 cup)
What defines massive hemoptysis?
100 mL of blood (1/2 cup)
FEV1/FVC ratio that defines obstruction?
Positive Bronchodilator challenge
Increase of FEV1 of 12% or 200 mL
Positive Methacholine Challenge
Decrease of FEV1 of 20%
What type of COPD is indicated for Lung Volume Reduction Surgery?
What are other Criteria?
- Upper Lobe Emphysema
- Severe COPD, refractory to medical therapy
- Completed Pulmonary Rehabilitation
- TLC >100% and RV > 150%
- FEV1 is at least 20% (poor outcomes if its lower)
- PaO2
FEV1/FVC ratio that defines obstruction?
FEV1/FVC ratio
Positive Bronchodilator challenge
Increase of FEV1 of 12% or 200 mL
Positive Methacholine Challenge
Decrease of FEV1 of 20%
Signs/Symptoms for Cystic Fibrosis
Recurrent pancreatitis Chronic Sinusitis Nasal Polyposis Male Infertility Bronchiectasis Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (+) sputum for Pseudomonas or Burkholderia non-TB Mycobacteria infection
What type of COPD is indicated for Lung Volume Reduction Surgery?
Upper Lobe Emphysema
Criteria for Lung Transplantation?
- History of exacerbations associated with acute hypercapnia (arterial PCO2 >50 mm Hg [6.7 kPa])
- Pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, or both despite oxygen therapy
- or FEV1 less than 20% of predicted with DLCO less than 20% of predicted
Indications for Omalizumab/Xolair?
- IgE level btwn 30-700
- (+) for perennial allergens
- Moderate-Severe Persistent Asthma not controlled by ICS
Diagnose Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
(+) skin test to Aspergillus
Increased IgE with peripheral eosinophilia
CXR: proximal bronchiectasis, pleural thickening, transient infiltrate, atelectasis
Signs/Symptoms for Cystic Fibrosis
Recurrent pancreatitis Chronic Sinusitis Nasal Polyposis Male Infertility Bronchiectasis Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (+) sputum for Pseudomonas or Burkholderia
At which FEV1 % is pulmonary rehabilitation recommended?
Name 3 drugs that cause Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
Amiodarone
MTX
Nitrofurantoin
Bleomycin
2 FDA approved meds for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Nintedanib (Nintendo!)
Pirfenidone
What lobes are involved in Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia?
Lower Lobes
How to treat Acute Interstitial Pneumonia?
50% Mortality
like ARDS, with glucocorticoids and low TV
Lofgrens Syndrome?
Hilar Lymphadenopathy, migratory polyarthalgia, erythema nodosum, fever
30 yo female, spontaneous pneumothorax and chlyous pleural effusions?
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Causes of Anterior Mediastinal Mass
Thymoma
Lymphoma
Teratoma
MC of Middle Mediastinal Mass
Lymphadenopathy
MC of Posterior Mediastinal Mass
Neurogenic Tumor (Neuroblastoma or schwannoma)
Screening for Lung Cancer, in who? Until when?
55-79 yo, with 30 pack year smoking hx (either still smoking or quit within 15 years)
Stop screening once 80 yo or quit smoking >15 years
Treat Bronchiectasis
Inhaled hypertonic saline and chest physiotherapy
