Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

S3 IDIS CP > Pulmonary infections > Flashcards

Pulmonary infections Flashcards

1
Q

common cold bugs

A

***rhino virus

corona, adeno, echo, coxa/b, flu, paraflu, rsv, mycoplas pneu, human metapneu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

common cold keys

A

usually no fever, present in winter months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

summer gripe bugs

A

coxA/B, echo, enteroviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

summer gripe keys

A

cold-like febrile illness in summer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

summer gripe presentation

A

non-specific febrile illness w malaise and headache. Sx 3-4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

viral acute rhinosinu bugs

A

rhino, parainflu, RSV adeno

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

viral acute rhinosinu keys

A

Sx resolve in 5-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

viral acute rhinosinu presentation

A

do i really need to describe this??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

bacterial acute rhinosinu bugs

A

**S pneumoniae, non typable H flu

also
anaerobes
g-
s aureus, moraxella, pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bacterial acute rhinosinu keys

A

adult w mod symptoms >7d, or severe sx develop (facial swelling/tooth pain)

child w mod sx >10-14d or severe (>102, facial swelling, AMS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bacterial acute rhinosinu presentation

A

mucosal inflammation

sneezing, rhinorrhea, pressue and headache etc

usually follows viral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

rhinocerebral mucormycosis bugs

A

***rhizopus, rhizomucor

also mucor, mycocladus, cunninghamella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

rhinocerebral mucormycosis keys

A

black eschar of palate

very rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

rhinocerebral mucormycosis presentation

A

rhinosinusitis w bloody nasal discharge, dusky turbinates, AMS

black eschar, abscesses, decreased ocular motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

viral pharyngitis bugs

A

adeno, HSV, EBV, CoxAB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

viral pharyngitis keys

A

conjunctivitis, cough, coryza, discrete ulcerative lesions, anterior stomatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

viral pharyngitis presentation

A

fever, sore throat, edema, hyperemia of the tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bacterial pharyngitis bugs

A

strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bacterial pharyngitis keys

A

complications if untreated– abscess, mastoiditis, cervical lympadenitis

acute glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bacterial pharyngitis presentation

A

fever, sore throat, hyperemia of the tonsils

pyogenes: fever and severe pain, tonsilopharyngeal erthema w or w/o exudate, lymphadenitis. petechiae, scarlet rash, swollen uvula

kids- N/V, abd pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

lemierre’s (post-anginal septicemia) bugs

A

fusobacterium nerophorum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

lemierre’s (post-anginal septicemia) presentation

A

sore throat progressing to thrombophlebitis of IJV w pain, dysphagia, neck swelling, stiffness. sepsis in 3-10d after sore throat. can spread to lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diphtheria bugs

A

corynebacterium diphtheriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

diphtheria keys

A

pseudomembrane, bleeding upon removal, cervical lymphadenopathy, difficulty swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

diphtheria presentation

A

pharyngeal pain, pseudomembrane, bull neck, fetid breath.

airway obstruction and toxemia can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

viral acute pharyngitis bugs

A

so many bugs: parainflu, flu AB, adeno, RSV, HSV, rhino, coxAB, echo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

viral acute pharyngitis keys

A

clinical s/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

viral acute pharyngitis presentation

A

begins as URTI, followed by hoarseness and reduced vocal pitch

odynophagia, odynophonia, congestion, fatigue, malaise,

laryngeal edema and vascular engorgement of vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

bacterial acute pharyngitis bugs

A

pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

bacterial acute pharyngitis keys

A

+ bacterial culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

bacterial acute pharyngitis

A

same as viral, less common

begins as URTI, followed by hoarseness and reduced vocal pitch

odynophagia, odynophonia, congestion, fatigue, malaise,

laryngeal edema and vascular engorgement of vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

viral croup/ laryngotracheobonchitis bugs

A

parainfluenza type 1

also parainflu2, fluAB, adeno, RSV, HSV, rhino, CoxAB, echo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

viral croup/ laryngotracheobonchitis key

A

barking cough, inspiratory stridor and retractions

less air hunger after racemic epi or humid air (no effect on bact epiglotitis)

steeple sign

normal swallow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

viral croup/ laryngotracheobonchitis presentation

A

higher fever than laryngitis, restlessness, air hunger

starts with mild URTI 2-3 d
followed by barking cough, stridor at night

normal lungs, maybe mild expiratory wheeze

nasal flaring, lethargy,

if severe, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia, hypotonia, cyanosis

s/s peak 3-5d, resolve 4-7d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

bacterial epiglottitis and supraglottitis bugs

A

H flu B

36
Q

bacterial epiglottitis and supraglottitis keys

A

difficult swallow
distressed, toxic looking
thumb sign
no response to racemic epi or humid air

epiglottitis triad= sore throat with dysphagia, hoarse voice, generally unwell/dehydrated

37
Q

bacterial epiglottitis and supraglottitis presentation

A 
acute onset
fever, sore throat, cough
suprasternal notch retraction and stridor
inflamed throat
beefy red epiglottis

progresses rapidly= severe dyspnea, cyanosis, toxicity

four Ds= dysphagia, dysphonia, drooling, distress

38
Q

acute bronchitis bugs

A

flu AB, paraflu, adeno, RSV, HSV, rhino, CoxAB, echo
mycoplas pneumoniae
chlamydophilia pneumoniae

39
Q

acute bronchitis keys

A

clinical s/s

CXR

40
Q

acute bronchitis presentation

A

non productive cough, substernal pain, fever. rhonchi, moist crackles

several hours bf cough= malaise, headache, coryza, sore throat

41
Q

bronchiolitis bugs

A

RSV

42
Q

bronchiolitis keys

A

observe s/s, Ag testing in nasal washings

CXR= hyperinflation, patchy infiltrate, air trapping, flat diaphragm, peribronchial cuffing

43
Q

bronchiolitis presentation

A

rhinorrhea, cough, low fever

can lead to paroxysmal cough and dyspnea

tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, wheezing, grunting, vomiting, cyanosis

44
Q

influenza bugs

A

flu AB

45
Q

influenza keys

A

high fever, acute onset, lab confirmation

46
Q

influenza presentation

A

abrupt onset of fever, chills, rigor, headache, prostration, nonproductive cough, V/D in kids

fever abates in 3-4d, cough and malaise persist for 2w

can lead to pneumonia w secondary bacteria ie aureus, hflu, strep pneumo, pyogenes

47
Q

pertussis bugs

A

bordetella pertussis

48
Q

pertussis key

A

whoop is pathognomonic

NP aspirates on bordet gengou medium
ELISA, IFS

Elevate WBC, lymphocytosis in kids

49
Q

pertussis presentation

A

catarrhal phase 1-2w: coryza, sneezing, low fever, mild cough

paroxysmal phase 2-4 weeks: inspiratory whoop with posttussis vom

50
Q

typical pneumonia bugs

A

***strep pneumoniae

klebsiella, pseudomonas, g-rods

51
Q

typical pneumonia keys

A

sudden, rigors, toxic looking, productive cough, bloody/purulent sputum, high fever,

neutrophils, WBC>15K w L shift

52
Q

purulent vs mucoid sputum

A

purulent=typical, mucoid=atypical

53
Q

rust vs green sputum

A

rust = strep pneumo

green =pseudomonas or H flu

54
Q

klebsiella pneumonia

A

currant jelly
bowing fissure w UL consolidation

can cause necrosis

55
Q

pseudomonas pneumonia

A

microabscesses which can coalesce

56
Q

staph aureus pneumonia

A

bilateral nodular infiltrates w cavitation

in kids = pneumatoceles, bronchopleural fistulas, empyema

57
Q

typical pneumonia presentation

A 
develop within 24-48 hours
high fever
shaking chills
dyspnea
tachycardia
flu like symptoms

EXCEPTION: neonate afebrile chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia

58
Q

typical pneumonia in CF

A

pseudomonas or s aureus

59
Q

typical pneumonia in alcohol

A

klebsiella or oral anaerobe from aspiration

60
Q

typical pneumonia in nursing home

A

enteric gram neg (enterobacter, klebsiella, e coli)

61
Q

typical pneumonia in copd

A

H flu, klebsiella

62
Q

typical pneumonia in IV drug user

A

staph aureus

63
Q

typical pneumonia in elderly or w recent flu

A

staph aureus

64
Q

typical pneumonia in military, dorm, young people

A

neisseria meningitidis

65
Q

atypical pneumonia bugs

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

66
Q

atypical pneumonia keys

A

gradual onset, well looking, nonproductive cough, mucoid sputum, low fever, rare pleurisy, rare consolidation

sputum: rare mononuclear cells, WBC>15K
interstitial infiltrate

67
Q

atypical pneumonia presentation

A

subacute onset, 1 week to develop symptoms, paroxysmal cough w mucoid/no sputum

68
Q

afebrile pneumonia

A

neonates, chlamydia trachomatis

69
Q

atypical pneumonia IC

A

pneumocystis jiroveci

70
Q

aspiration pneumonia presentation

A

like typical pneumonia, except with recurrent chills

consolidations in dependent lung segments

50% have foul sputum

increased minute ventilation

71
Q

TB

A

mycobact tb

insidious onset, night sweats, low fever, wt loss, productive purulent cough, dyspnea, coin lesions

72
Q

chronic pneumonia- histoplasmosis bugs

A

histoplasma capsulatum

73
Q

chronic pneumonia- histoplasmosis presentation

A

erythema nodosum and hilar adenopathy, fungal pneumonia

74
Q

chronic pneumonia- histoplasmosis keys

A

yeast cells in PMNs or monocytes

when grown in vitro at RT= hyphae and tuberculate macroconidia

captains wheel

75
Q

chronic pneumonia coccidioidmycosis bugs

A

coccidiodes immitis

76
Q

chronic pneumonia coccidioidmycosis presentation

A

erythema nodosum and hilar adenopathy, fungal pneumonia

77
Q

chronic pneumonia coccidioidmycosis keys

A

spherule seen in lung material (round with many speckles inside)

78
Q

chronic pneumonia blastomycosis bug

A

blastomyes dermatitidis

79
Q

chronic pneumonia blastomycosis presentation

A

fungal pneumonia which may also show verrucous skin lesions

80
Q

chronic pneumonia blastomycosis keys

A

broad based budding yeast

81
Q

psittacosis bug

A

chlamydophilia psittaci

82
Q

psittacosis presentation

A

pneumonia with bradycardia, epistaxis, horder spots (rose spots), low leukocyte count

caretakers of birds

83
Q

Q fever bug

A

coxiella burnetii

84
Q

q fever presentation

A

pneumonia w bradycardia, hepatomegaly, endocarditis, abnl LFT.

farmers with recently birthed livestock

85
Q

legionnaire’s disease bug

A

legionella pneumophilia

86
Q

legionnaire’s disease presentation

A

pneumonia with bradycardia, abd pain, V/D, hematuria, confusion, abl LFT/renal fxn tests, increase CPK

S3 IDIS CP (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions