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Jamie Respiration Pathology > Pulmonary Infection and Pnemonia > Flashcards

Pulmonary Infection and Pnemonia Flashcards

1
Q

Give up to 5 examples of URTIs?

A 
Corzya (common cold)
Sore throat syndrome
Laryngitis
Sinusitis
Acute epiglottis
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2
Q

Which 2 bacteria types are involved in the spread of acute epiglottis?

A

Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci

Haemophilus influenzae

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3
Q

What are 3 examples of LRTIs?

A

Bronchitis
Bromchiolitis
Pneumonia

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4
Q

What are the 3 main mechanisms for respiratory tract defence?

A

Macrophage-mucociliary escalator system
General immune system
Respiratory tract secretions

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5
Q

What are the 3 main aspects of the Macrophage-mucociliary escalator system?

A

Alveolar macrophages
Mucociliary escalator
Cough reflex

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6
Q

What factor is most important in the classification of pneumonia?

A

Aetiology (causes and circumstances)

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7
Q

What are the main 6 aetiological classification of pneumonia?

A 
Community acquired pneumonia
Hospital acquired pneumonia
Pneumonia in the immunocompromised
Atypical pneumonia
Aspiration pneumonia 
Recurrent pneumonia
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8
Q

What are the 3 main anatomical distributions of pneumonia?

A

Bronchopneumonia
Segmental
Lobar

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9
Q

What is bronchopneumonia?

A

Inflammation of the lungs arising in the bronchi and bronchioles

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10
Q

What area does lobar pneumonia affect?

A

Whole lobe

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11
Q

What are 3 conditions which prevent the resolve of pneumonia?

A

Pleurisy
Pleural effusion
Empyema

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12
Q

What are 2 conditions pneumonia can lead?

A

Lung abscess

Bronchiectasis

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13
Q

What is pleurisy?

A

A granular layer of fibrin on the lung

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14
Q

What do patients with a lung abscess often have?

A

Cancer or an underlying tumour

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15
Q

What are 4 causes of bronchi dilation for bronchiectasis?

A

Severe infection
Recurrent infections
Proximal bronchial obstruction
Lung parenchymal destruction

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16
Q

What are the 3 main symptoms for bronchiectasis?

A

Cough
Purulent foul sputum
Haemoptysis

17
Q

What are 2 signs of bronchiectasis you may see on examination?

A

Coarse crackles

Clubbing

18
Q

What is the main diagnostic investigation for bronchiectasis?

A

Thin section CT

19
Q

What are the 3 treatment options for bronchiectasis?

A

Postural drainage
Antibiotics
Surgery

20
Q

Where is aspiration pneumonia most common?

A

The right lower lobe due to straight bronchus

21
Q

What is the main symptom of aspiration pneumonia?

A

Vomiting

Jamie Respiration Pathology (15 decks)

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