pulmonary hypertension

Question 1

what is pulmonary hypertension

Answer 1

increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries >25mmHg

results from an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance to blood flow through the small arteries and arterioles

Question 2

describe the aetiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Answer 2

primary arterial hypertension - primary disease of the pulmonary arteries/ arterioles

secondary arterial hypertension - occurs due to underlying disease - most commonly heart disease and lung fibrosis

Question 3

describe the aetiology of pulmonary venous hypertension

Answer 3

left ventricular systolic dysfunction
mitral stenosis/ regurgitation
cardiomyopathy

Question 4

name the types of pulmonary hypertension

Answer 4

pulmonary venous hypertension

primary arterial hypertension
secondary arterial hypertension

Question 5

list the symptoms of pulmonary hypertension

Answer 5

fatigue
dyspnoea
chest pain
central cyanosis if hypoxic

Question 6

list the clinical signs of pulmonary hypertension

Answer 6

dependant oedema
elevated JVP
right ventricular heave at the parasternal edge
tricuspid regurgitation