Pulmonary Function Tests (Selby) Flashcards
What is tidal volume?
Volume of air inspired and expired with each normal breath
What is Forced vital capacity (FVC)?
Amount of air that can be forcefully expelled beginning with the lungs completely full and blowing maximally until the lungs are as empty as possible
What is Forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1)?
Amount of air expelled during the first second of the FVC maneuver
What is Residual volume (RV)?
Volume of air remaining in lungs after most forceful expiration
What is Total lung capacity (TLC)?
Maximum volume to which lungs can be expanded with inspiration
Spirometry with flow volume curves or loops is a component of Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) that includes measurement of?
What are the specific measurements?
1) Exhaled or inhaled air during forced maneuvers
2) FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio
What FEV1/FVC ratio is obstructive lung disease defined as?
FEV1/FVC < 0.70
Flow volume curve is a graphic display of?
Flow volume loop is a graphic display of?
1) Expiratory flow only
2) Both expiratory and inspiratory flow
Lung volumes and capacities is a component of PFT that is measured by different techniques but most commonly by?
What are the specific measurements?
1) Body plethysmography
2) TLC and RV
Diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a component of PFT that measures?
Gas exchange through alveolar wall
Bronchodilator therapy is a component of PFT that is used only in?
If >12% increase in FEV1 or FVC AND an absolute volume increase of >200 ml
Obstructive lung disease to determine if airway obstruction is reversible
If Yes, patient has Asthma
If No, Patient has COPD or other obstructive disease
Bronchoprovocation is a component of PFT that is used when?
What is the most commonly technique used?
1) If PFT results are normal but physician still suspects asthma
2) Methacholine challenge
Methacholine is a synthetic analogue to?
It stimulates what receptors on airway smooth muscle cells leading to bronchoconstriction?
1) Acetylcholine
2) Muscarinic receptors
What does the expiratory flow look like on a normal flow volume curve and normal flow volume loop?
What does the inspiratory flow look like on a normal flow volume loop?
1) Rapid rise and linear fall
2) Saddle shaped
What is the Flow Volume Curve pattern for obstruction?
For restriction?
1) Concave or scooping pattern
2) Peaked, Steeple, or Witch’s hat pattern