Pulmonary Function Tests

Question 1

What is the difference between obstructive and restrictive lung disease?

Answer 1

Obstructive lung diseases make it difficult to exhale the max air in the lungs, while residual volume makes it difficult to inspire air and expand the lungs

Question 2

Give three examples of obstructive lung disease

Answer 2

Emphysema
COPD
Asthma

Question 3

Give three examples of restictive lung disease

Answer 3

Pulmonary Fibrosis
Interstitial lund diseases
Tuberculosis

Question 4

Define Forced Expiratory Volume 1 (FEV1)

Answer 4

This is the maximum amount of air exhaled within the 1st second

Question 5

Define Forced Tidal Capacity

Answer 5

This is the maximum amount of air exhaled after maximum inspiration

Question 6

How is the pulmonary function test percentage calculated?

Answer 6

This is a ratio between FEV1 : FTC x 100

Question 7

What is the normal value of FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer 7

75-80%

Question 8

If a person has a forced expiratory volume 1 of 3L and the Forced Vital Capacity is 5L what is the value of the FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer 8

60%

Question 9

A reduced FEV1/FVC ratio indicates what type of lung disease?

Answer 9

Obstructive (since the FEV1 is decreased)

Question 10

An increased FEV1/FVC ratio indicates what type of lung disease?

Answer 10

Restrictive (since the FVC is decreased)

Question 11

What pharmocological intervention can be administered in a person with decreased FEV1/FVC ratio

Answer 11

inhaled short-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists
SABA

-Salbutamol

Question 12

For a person who had decreased FEV1/FVC ratio but was treated with a short acting B2 adrenoceptor agonist, what would indicate significant reversibility of the lung damage?

Answer 12

an increase of > 12%

> 200 mL in FEV1

Question 13

What is tidal volume?

Answer 13

This is the volume of air expired/inspired during normal breathing
500ml

Question 14

What is Expiratory Reserve Volume?

Answer 14

This is the volume of air forcible expired after a tidal expiratory volume
1300ml

Question 15

What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume?

Answer 15

This is the volume of air that is forcefully inspired after tidal ispiratory volume
Range: 1900ml-3300ml

Question 16

What is Residual Volume?

Answer 16

This is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after forceful expeiration
1200ml

Question 17

What is inspiratory Capacity ?

Answer 17

Inspiratory Capacity is the total volume of air that can be breathed into the lung

Question 18

How do you calculate Inspiratory Capacity?

Answer 18

Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Question 19

What is Expiratory Capacity?

Answer 19

The total volume of air that you can breathe out of the lung

Question 20

How do you calculate expiratory capacity?

Answer 20

Tidal Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume

Question 21

What is Functional Residual Capacity?

Answer 21

The amount of air remaining in the lung after tidal expiration

Question 22

How do you calculate Functional Residual Capacity?

Answer 22

Expiratory Reserve Volume + Residual Volume

Question 23

What is Vital Capacity?

Answer 23

This is the total amount of air exhaled after maximum inspiration

Question 24

How is vital capacity calculated?

Answer 24

Tidal volume + Inspiratory Reserve Volume + Expiratory reserve Volume

Question 25

What is total lung capacity?

Answer 25

The total volume of air that te lung can hold

Question 26

How is total lung capacity calculated?

Answer 26

Tidal Volume + Inspiartory Reserve Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume + Residual Volume

Question 27

What is spirometry?

Answer 27

This is method used to determine Pulmonary Function, where a person breathes into a spirometer which measures the volume of air forcefully expired within the first second and the volume of air expired after maximum inspiration.

Question 28

Define peak expiratory flow rate

Answer 28

Calculated by a maximum forced expiration through a peak flow metre