Pulmonary Conditions Flashcards
COPD or CRPD??
- Problem c expiration (exhale)
- (+) air trapping
COPD
COPD or CRPD?
- Problem c inspiration (inhale)
- d/t ↓ lung and chest wall compliance
CRPD
COPD or CRPD?
increase in RV, FRC, TLC
COPD
COPD or CRPD?
decrease VC, IRV, TLC
CRPD
V/Q ratio in COPD
Less than 0.8
V/Q ratio in CRPD
greater than 0.8
Enumerate sample conditions in COPD
E, CB, A, B, CF
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Asthma
Bronchiectasis
Cystic fibrosis
CRPD is d/t alterations of:
Lung parenchyma and pleura
Chest wall
Neuromuscular apparatus
has (+) response to bronchodilator drugs
COPD
Overdistention of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles c destruction of the alveolar septa
Emphysema
Productive cough of at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years
Chronic Bronchitis
Enzyme that destroys alveolar walls
Proteolytic
Protein produced in the liver to prevent lung disease
Alpha 1 antitrypsin
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Pink puffer: ___
Blue bloater: ___
P: Emphysema
B: Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Age for Emphysema and CB
E: +/- 60 years old
CB: +/- 50 years old
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Which among the two experiences severe dyspnea
Emphysema
- Once natanggal na mucous kay CB, okay na
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Characteristics of sputum of Emphysema and CB
E: Scanty & Mucoid
CB: Copious & Purulent
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Who is more prone to bronchial infection?
Chronic Bronchitis
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Body built
E: Asthenic
CB: often overweight
Result of chest X-ray of client with emphysema
- (+) Hyperinflated lungs
- Small heart
- Diaphragm muscle is low and flat
- +/- Bullae greater than 1 cm
results of chest X-ray of client with Chronic Bronchitis
(+) R ventricular hypertrophy
(+) Dirty lung appearance
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Who is more prone to Cor pulmonale?
Chronic bronchitis
- cor pulmonale = Right ventricular hypertrophy
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
Which among the two use the accessory muscles of respiration?
Emphysema
*Accessory mm = SUPAS
Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?
(+) Bi-pedel Edema
Chronic bronchitis
What condition
Hypersensitivity of bronchial smooth mm d/t various stimuli resulting to widespread bronchoconstriction
Asthma
What are the triad of Asthma
- Coughing
- Wheezing
- Dyspnea
True or False?
(+) tachypnea in Asthma
true
What condition
Permanent dilation of bronchi/bronchiolrd d/t recurrent pulmonary infectins
Bronchiectasis
MC affected airways in people with Bronchiectasis
Terminal bronchioles
type of bronchiectasis involve from large proximal bronchi down to the 4th generation
Saccular (Cystic)
Type of bronchiectasis that is cylindrical shape; from 6th to 10 generation
Cylindrical (Fusiform)
S/sx of client with bronchiectasis
- Coughing
- Dyspnea
- Fever
- Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis = blood in sputum or coughing blood
Enumerate intrinsic triggering factors of Asthma
- Fatigue
- Exercise
- Emotions
Extrinsic factors that triggers asthma
- Inhalant allergens
- Irritant inhalants
- Pollution
- Climate change
- Drug
- Food
- Animal hair/feathers
What condition?
Has widespread abnormalities of the Exocrine glands
Cystic Fibrosis
Other name for Cystic Fibrosis
Mucoviscidosis
Triad of Cystic Fibrosis
- Bronchial mucus glands
- Exocrine cells of pancreas
- Sweat glands
Which chromosome is affected that completes the exocrine glands
long arm of Ch. 7
S/sx of Cystic Fibrosis
- Productive coughing
- Bronchial infection
- Weightloss d/t malabsorption
- Increased NACl in sweat
- Honeycomb lungs
Pulmonary rehabilitation where you put patient in various position to help gravity assist in the drainage process
Postural drainage
Other names for Postural Drainage
- Bronchial Drainage
- Bronchial Hygiene
- CPT (Chest Physiotherapy)
Duration of postural drainage
20-30 minutes
Sullivan: 45 mins
Identify position described:
Head down position
Trendelenburg position
Identify position described:
Head up position
Reverse Trendelenburg position
Duration for the application of manual techniques
3-5 minutes only
type of manual technique that is c/i to patient with rib fracture, thoracic surgery, chest pain, bleeding or hemorrhage
Percussion
Identify what Segment is described:
- Position: Sitting, leaning backward
- Percussion: below clavicle
- For comfort: put pillow on lumbar area
Anterior Apical segment
Identify what segment
- Position: Supine, bed flat;
- Percussion: Male: over nipple area; Female: just above the breast
- For comfort: pillow at back of head and popliteal area
Anterior Segment
Identify what segment
- Position: ¼ turn from prone on L side; bed flat
- Percussion: R scapula
- For comfort: put pillow on right anterior chest
R Posterior Segment
Identify what segment
- Position: ¼ turn from prone then lean on R side; reverse T-position (30-45 degrees head elevation)
- Percussion: L scapula
- For comfort: put pillow on left anterior chest
L Posterior Segment
Identify what segment
- Position: ¼ turn from supine on L side. T-position (15-30 degrees foot elevation)
- Percussion: Male- below R nipple
R Middle Lobe
Identify what segment
- Position: ¼ turn from supine on R side; T-position (15-30 degrees)
- Percussion: below L nipple
Lingula
Identify what segment
- Position: Supine, T-position (30-45 degrees foot elevation)
- Percussion: Anterior lower ribs
Anterior Lower lobe segment
Identify what segment
- Position: Prone, T-position (30-45 deg)
- Percussion: Posterior lower ribs
Posterior lower lobe segment
identify what segment
- Position: R side lying, T position (30-45 deg)
- Percussion: Lateral lower ribs (L)
L Lateral Segment
Identify what segment
- Position: L side lying; T-position (30-45 deg)
- Percussion: Lateral lower ribs (R)
R Lateral Segment
Identify what segment
- Position: Prone; bed flat
- Percussion: below the scapulae
Superior Segment (Apical segment of lower lobe)
Type of breathing exercise used for pre-op and prevent atelectasis
Sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)
used for patient c high SCI and post polio syndrome
Glossopharyngeal breathing
other namen for Glossopharyngeal breathing
Frog Breathing
Exercise for patient with atelectasis or pneumonia
Segmental breathing
Exercise to improve ventilation
Diaphragmatic breathing
exercise for patient with COPD (dyspnea)
Pursed-lip breathing
Increase of _____ pressure of patient = creates positive pressure
intrabronchial
