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OTSEM: Pulmonary/Respiratory System > Pulmonary Conditions > Flashcards

Pulmonary Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

COPD or CRPD??

  • Problem c expiration (exhale)
  • (+) air trapping
A

COPD

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2
Q

COPD or CRPD?

  • Problem c inspiration (inhale)
  • d/t ↓ lung and chest wall compliance
A

CRPD

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3
Q

COPD or CRPD?

increase in RV, FRC, TLC

A

COPD

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4
Q

COPD or CRPD?

decrease VC, IRV, TLC

A

CRPD

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5
Q

V/Q ratio in COPD

A

Less than 0.8

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6
Q

V/Q ratio in CRPD

A

greater than 0.8

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7
Q

Enumerate sample conditions in COPD

E, CB, A, B, CF

A

Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Asthma
Bronchiectasis
Cystic fibrosis

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8
Q

CRPD is d/t alterations of:

A

Lung parenchyma and pleura
Chest wall
Neuromuscular apparatus

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9
Q

has (+) response to bronchodilator drugs

A

COPD

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10
Q

Overdistention of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles c destruction of the alveolar septa

A

Emphysema

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11
Q

Productive cough of at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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12
Q

Enzyme that destroys alveolar walls

A

Proteolytic

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13
Q

Protein produced in the liver to prevent lung disease

A

Alpha 1 antitrypsin

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14
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Pink puffer: ___
Blue bloater: ___

A

P: Emphysema
B: Chronic bronchitis

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15
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Age for Emphysema and CB

A

E: +/- 60 years old
CB: +/- 50 years old

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16
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Which among the two experiences severe dyspnea

A

Emphysema

  • Once natanggal na mucous kay CB, okay na
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17
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Characteristics of sputum of Emphysema and CB

A

E: Scanty & Mucoid
CB: Copious & Purulent

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18
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Who is more prone to bronchial infection?

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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19
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Body built

A

E: Asthenic
CB: often overweight

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20
Q

Result of chest X-ray of client with emphysema

A
  • (+) Hyperinflated lungs
  • Small heart
  • Diaphragm muscle is low and flat
  • +/- Bullae greater than 1 cm
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21
Q

results of chest X-ray of client with Chronic Bronchitis

A

(+) R ventricular hypertrophy
(+) Dirty lung appearance

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22
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Who is more prone to Cor pulmonale?

A

Chronic bronchitis

  • cor pulmonale = Right ventricular hypertrophy
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23
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

Which among the two use the accessory muscles of respiration?

A

Emphysema

*Accessory mm = SUPAS

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24
Q

Emphysema or Chronic Bronchitis?

(+) Bi-pedel Edema

A

Chronic bronchitis

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25
Q

What condition

Hypersensitivity of bronchial smooth mm d/t various stimuli resulting to widespread bronchoconstriction

A

Asthma

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26
Q

What are the triad of Asthma

A
  • Coughing
  • Wheezing
  • Dyspnea
27
Q

True or False?

(+) tachypnea in Asthma

A

true

28
Q

What condition

Permanent dilation of bronchi/bronchiolrd d/t recurrent pulmonary infectins

A

Bronchiectasis

29
Q

MC affected airways in people with Bronchiectasis

A

Terminal bronchioles

30
Q

type of bronchiectasis involve from large proximal bronchi down to the 4th generation

A

Saccular (Cystic)

31
Q

Type of bronchiectasis that is cylindrical shape; from 6th to 10 generation

A

Cylindrical (Fusiform)

32
Q

S/sx of client with bronchiectasis

A
  • Coughing
  • Dyspnea
  • Fever
  • Hemoptysis

Hemoptysis = blood in sputum or coughing blood

33
Q

Enumerate intrinsic triggering factors of Asthma

A
  • Fatigue
  • Exercise
  • Emotions
34
Q

Extrinsic factors that triggers asthma

A
  • Inhalant allergens
  • Irritant inhalants
  • Pollution
  • Climate change
  • Drug
  • Food
  • Animal hair/feathers
35
Q

What condition?

Has widespread abnormalities of the Exocrine glands

A

Cystic Fibrosis

36
Q

Other name for Cystic Fibrosis

A

Mucoviscidosis

37
Q

Triad of Cystic Fibrosis

A
  • Bronchial mucus glands
  • Exocrine cells of pancreas
  • Sweat glands
38
Q

Which chromosome is affected that completes the exocrine glands

A

long arm of Ch. 7

39
Q

S/sx of Cystic Fibrosis

A
  • Productive coughing
  • Bronchial infection
  • Weightloss d/t malabsorption
  • Increased NACl in sweat
  • Honeycomb lungs
40
Q

Pulmonary rehabilitation where you put patient in various position to help gravity assist in the drainage process

A

Postural drainage

41
Q

Other names for Postural Drainage

A
  • Bronchial Drainage
  • Bronchial Hygiene
  • CPT (Chest Physiotherapy)
42
Q

Duration of postural drainage

A

20-30 minutes
Sullivan: 45 mins

43
Q

Identify position described:
Head down position

A

Trendelenburg position

44
Q

Identify position described:
Head up position

A

Reverse Trendelenburg position

45
Q

Duration for the application of manual techniques

A

3-5 minutes only

46
Q

type of manual technique that is c/i to patient with rib fracture, thoracic surgery, chest pain, bleeding or hemorrhage

A

Percussion

47
Q

Identify what Segment is described:

  • Position: Sitting, leaning backward
  • Percussion: below clavicle
  • For comfort: put pillow on lumbar area
A

Anterior Apical segment

48
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: Supine, bed flat;
  • Percussion: Male: over nipple area; Female: just above the breast
  • For comfort: pillow at back of head and popliteal area
A

Anterior Segment

49
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: ¼ turn from prone on L side; bed flat
  • Percussion: R scapula
  • For comfort: put pillow on right anterior chest
A

R Posterior Segment

50
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: ¼ turn from prone then lean on R side; reverse T-position (30-45 degrees head elevation)
  • Percussion: L scapula
  • For comfort: put pillow on left anterior chest
A

L Posterior Segment

51
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: ¼ turn from supine on L side. T-position (15-30 degrees foot elevation)
  • Percussion: Male- below R nipple
A

R Middle Lobe

52
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: ¼ turn from supine on R side; T-position (15-30 degrees)
  • Percussion: below L nipple
A

Lingula

53
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: Supine, T-position (30-45 degrees foot elevation)
  • Percussion: Anterior lower ribs
A

Anterior Lower lobe segment

54
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: Prone, T-position (30-45 deg)
  • Percussion: Posterior lower ribs
A

Posterior lower lobe segment

55
Q

identify what segment

  • Position: R side lying, T position (30-45 deg)
  • Percussion: Lateral lower ribs (L)
A

L Lateral Segment

56
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: L side lying; T-position (30-45 deg)
  • Percussion: Lateral lower ribs (R)
A

R Lateral Segment

57
Q

Identify what segment

  • Position: Prone; bed flat
  • Percussion: below the scapulae
A

Superior Segment (Apical segment of lower lobe)

58
Q

Type of breathing exercise used for pre-op and prevent atelectasis

A

Sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)

59
Q

used for patient c high SCI and post polio syndrome

A

Glossopharyngeal breathing

60
Q

other namen for Glossopharyngeal breathing

A

Frog Breathing

61
Q

Exercise for patient with atelectasis or pneumonia

A

Segmental breathing

62
Q

Exercise to improve ventilation

A

Diaphragmatic breathing

63
Q

exercise for patient with COPD (dyspnea)

A

Pursed-lip breathing

64
Q

Increase of _____ pressure of patient = creates positive pressure

A

intrabronchial

OTSEM: Pulmonary/Respiratory System (2 decks)

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