Pulmonary Anatomy/Phys Flashcards
What levels make up the false ribs?
7-10
What levels make up the true ribs?
1-6
What is the pharynx?
membrane-lined cavity behind nose and mouth, connecting them to esophagus
- part of both respiratory and digestive systems
What area connects the pharynx to the trachea, and includes the epiglottis and vocal cords?
larynx
What pieces of the respiratory system make up the conducting airways?
trachea to terminal bronchioles
Are the respiratory bronchioles part of the conducting airways or are they part of the respiratory unit?
respiratory unit = respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli
What are the two layers of pleura called in the respiratory system?
parietal pleura = layer covering the inner surface of the thoracic cage, diaphragm, and mediastinal border of the lung
visceral pleura = wraps the outer surface of the lung including the fissue lines
What is the primary muscle of inspiration?
the diaphragm
When the diaphragm contracts, which way does it move? (up or down)
central tendon pulls the muscle down, flattening the dome and protruding the abdominal wall
List accessory muscles of inspiration.
scalenes, serratus posterior, levatores costarum, SCM
- upper tral, pecs, and serratus can also become inspiratory muscles as they fix the shoulder girdle
Normal abdominal tone holds the abdominal contents where?
directly beneath diaphragm (helping it maintain the arched dome)
Resting exhalation results from what two mechanisms?
1) passive relaxation of inspiratory muscles
2) elastic recoil tendency of the lungs
Your patient with a C7 SCI is beginning to sit up for exercise - you notice their breathing is becoming more labored with seated scooting exercises. After you determine vitals are all appropriate, what could you conclude is the result of this RR increase?
pts with SCI have a lower resting position of the diaphragm, thus resulting in decreased inspiratory capacity
What tool is often indicated for patients with poor abdominal tone to help assist with ventilation? (ex. SCI pts)
abdominal binder
- provides support to abdominal viscera, assisting ventilation
T/F: The more supine positioning, the more advantageous to the diaphragm.
true (more room to contract)
