Pulmonary Flashcards
Which of the following terms refers to the gas exchange between the respiratory and the circulatory systems?
Diffusion
Which of the following body structures enclose the thoracic cavity ?
Ribs/ sternum/ thoracic vertebrae
The American College of Radiology suggests that routine mobile chest radiographs are only indicated for patients:
- with acute cardiopulmonary conditions
- in the intensive care unit
- who are on a mechanical ventilator
acute cardiopulmonary conditions
Pt that are on a mechanical ventilator
The most common lethal nosocomial infection in the United States is:
pneumonia
A permanent, abnormal dilatation of one of more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall best describes:
bronchiectasis
The current standard for care when a pulmonary embolus is suspected is a :
Thoracic computed tomographic angiogram
Low oxygen levels within the arterial blood and resulting from a failure of the gas exchange function best describes:
hypoxemia
Cystic fibrosis is classified as a(n) ___ disease
genetic
The incomplete maturation of the type II alveolar cells within the surfactant-producing system causes unstable alveoli resulting in :
hyaline membrane disease
respiratory distress syndrome
Bacteria commonly responsible for a typical pneumonia include
staphylococcus aureus
H influenza
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be caused by
chronic obstructive bronchitis
emphysema
Pneumoconioses result from inhalation of foreign substances and may include:
anthracosis
asbestosis
silicosis
Patients presenting with a lung absess often demonstrate which of the following clinical manifestations?
fever
cough
expectoration of puss
Plural effusion is best described as:
excess fluid collects in the plural cavity
Which of the following pathologies is the common most fatal primary malignancy in the United States accounting for over 90% of all lung tumors?
bronchogenic carcinoma
Which of the following pathologies of the respiratory system are classified as additive pathologies?
cystic fibrosis
plural effusion
Chest radiography is the imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of :
hyaline membrane disease
pneumoconiosis
Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography is the imaging modality of choice for :
bronchogenic carcinoma
metastatic lug disease
High-resolution computed tomography is the imaging modaity of choice in case of suspected
bronchiectasis
Sinusitis is considered a(n) ____pathological condition
additive
Pleurisy is considered a(n) ___pathological condition
not additive or subtractive
A disruption in the esophagus or airway may result in
mediastinal emphysema
Inflammation diseases of the respiratory system include:
mycoplasma pneumonia
The upper respiratory system includes the
larynx
pharynx
on a normal PA chest radiograph, the riht hemidiphram appears higher than the left hemidiaphragm
(T/F)
True
M. tuberculosis is captured by macrophages within the alveoli and creates a cell-mediated immune response that infiltrates the lymph nodes
(T/F)
True
Early pulmonary tuberculosis is always symptomatic
False
Coccidioidomysosis is a systemic fungal infection of the lungs particularly endemic of the Ohio, Missouri, and Mississippi River valley. (T/F)
False
small cell carcinoma has a much higher mortality rate than other bronchogenic cancers (T/F)
True
Lateral decubitus chest radiographs can better detect smaller amounts of fluid in the pleural space than an erect lateral chest radiograph (T/F)
True
The posterior mediastinum contains the heart and the great vessels, esophagus, and trachea (T/F)
False
The maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only paranasal sinuses present at birth
True
Chest Tube
large plastic tube inserted through the chest wall between the ribs to allow drainage of fluid or air
Endotracheal tube
a large plastic tube inserted through the patients nose or mouth into the trachea to manage the patients airway
CVP lines
a catheter inserted for an alternative injection site or to allow for infusion of massive volumes of fluids
pulmonary artery catheter
a multilumen catheter that serves to eval cardiac function
Access catheter
catheters placed to allow multiple tapping for injection of chemotherapeutic agents
