Intro vocab Flashcards
The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines: A. sign B. symptom C. pathogenesis D. manifestation
pathogenesis
An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following injury refers to: A. etiology B. manifestation C. disease D. pathogenesis
disease
The study of the cause of disease is termed: A. disease B. pathogenesis C. prognosis D. etiology
etiology
common agents that cause disease include: A. bacteria B. Chemicals C. heat D. All above
bacteria, chemicals, heat
a syndrome is best defined as:
signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance
an adverse response to medical treatment itself is termed: A. ideopathic B. iatrogenic C nosocomial D. autoimmune
iatrogenic
Prognosis refers to:
the predicted course and outcome of the disease
diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered: (3)
destructive/ lytic/ subractive
the investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines: A. incidence B. prevalence C. epidemiology D. All above
epidemiology
data regarding the number deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a population are collected and reported by the: A. American College of Rad. B. Center for Disease Control C. National Center for Health Statistics D. FDA
National Center of Health Statistics
Which of the following are leading causes of death in the United States for adults aged 45 years and greater?
Heart disease malignant neoplasm
2010 health spending accounted for approximately ___% of the US GDP
17
Each cell in the human body (except reproductive cells) contains ___ pairs of autosomal chromosomes and ___ sex chromosomes.
22, 2
The types of gene maps that grew out of the identification of DNA sequences include ___ maps. A. genetic B. SNP C. physical
genetic & physical
The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of genetic variations of single DNA bases resulted in: A. physical mapping B. the Genome Project C. genetic linkage maps D. haplotype mapping
haplotype mapping
Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as: A. degenerative B. genetic C. metabolic D. congenetal
congenital
a genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex chromosomes is considered:
autosomal
The ease with which a pathogenic organism can overcome the body’s defenses best describes
virulence
diseases caused by the disturbance of normal physiologic function are classified as: A. degenerative B. metabolic C. neoplastic D. traumatic
metabolic
the lymph node into which the primary neoplasm drains during metastasis is termed the __node A. primary B. metastatic C. neoplastic D. sentinel
sentinel
the spread of cancerous cells into surrounding tissue by virtue of the close proximity best describes: A. lymphatic spread B. oncogenesis C. invasion D. hematogenous spread
invasion
cancer originating in epithelial tissue is termed: A. leukemia B. lymphoma C. carcinoma D. sarcoma
carcinoma
in the classification of tumor using the TNM system the T refers to the : A. lymph node involvement B.distant metastasis C. histologic grading of the primary tumor D. size of the primary tumor
size of the primary tumor
which of the following modalities are used in the staging of neoplastic tumors: A. CT B. MRI C. PET
CT, PET, MRI
in treatment of neoplastic diseases interferons and interleukins are associated with : A: chemotherapy B. radiation therapy C. immunotherapy D. hormone therapy
immunotherapy
Altered cell biology Match the type of altered cell biology with the correct description (define lines 1-5) 1. general decrease in cell size 2. general increase in cell size 3. increase in the number of cells in tissue as a result of excessive proliferation 4. conversion of one cell type into another cell type 5. abnormal changes of mature cells
- atrophy 2. hypertrophy 3. hyperplasia 4. metaplasia 5. dysplasia
A tumor consisting of differentiated cells has a higher probability for malignancy? (T/F)
false
a hystological evaluation of primary cancer that is graded as an “I” is considered well differentiatied? (T/F)
True
A protein coat surrounding a genome of either RNA or DNA without an organized cellular structure best describes which type of microorganism? A. virus B. fungi C. bacteria D. all above
Virus
