Pulmonary Flashcards
Pneumonia is an infection of the ….
Lung parenchyma
Clinical features of pneumonia?
Fever, chills, productive cough (w/ yellow green or rusty red sputum), tachypnea, pleuritic chest pain, decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, elevated WBC count
How is pneumonia Dx made?
CXR, sputum gram stain and culture, blood cultures
What are the three different patterns of pneumonia?
1- lobar pneumonia
2- bronchopneumonia
3- interstitial pneumonia
What usually causes lobar pneumonia?
S. pneumoniae (95%)
K. pneumonia
What are the classic gross presentations of lobar pneumonia?
1- congestion (edema)
2- Red hepatization (exudate, neutrophils, heorrhage. fillng alveolar spaces)
3- gray hepatization (degredation of red cells)
4- resolution
CXR findings for bronchopneumonia?
scattered patchy consolidation centered around brpnhioles
multifocal and bilateral
5 main causes of bronchopneumonia?
1- S. aureus 2- H, influenza 3- Psuedomonas aerginosa 4- Moraxella catarrhalis 5- Legionella pneumophelia
Which agent causes pneumonia in CF patients?
Psuedomonas aeruginosa
CXR findings for interstitial pneumonia?
diffuse interstitial infiltrates
Common agents to cause interstitial pneumonia?
1- mycoplasma pneumonea 2- Chlamydia pneumoniae 3- RSV 4- CMV 5- Influenza virus 6- Coxiella burnetti
What is the most common cause of interstitial pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What is the second most common cause of interstitial pneumonia?
Chlamydia pneumoniae
What is aspiration pneumonia usually caused by?
Bacterioides, fusobacterium, peptococcus
Where is primary pulm TB usually located in the lung and where is reactivation located?
Primary: lower lobe + hilar lymph nodes
Secondary: apex on lung
