Pulm

Question 1

Lights criteria

Answer 1

Exudate: Occurs when local factors increase vascular permeability (infection/inflammation)

Presence of any 3 = exudative

• Pleural fluid protein : serum protein >0.5
• Pleural fluid LDH : serum LDH >0.6
• Pleural fluid LDH > 2/3 upper limit of normal LDH

Question 2

Lambert-Eaton syndrome

Answer 2

associated with small cell lung cancer
ab against Ca+ gated channels @ neuromuscular junction
presents like myasthenia gravis but weakness IMPROVES with continued use

Question 3

Pancoast syndrome

Answer 3

lung tumors at superior sulcus:

1. shoulder pain
2. horner’s syndrome (miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis)
3. atrophy of hand/arm muscles