Public & Population Health Flashcards by Chloe M

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What is the main aim of a population health approach?

To improve the health status of the population, rather than that of the individual.

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What does population health incorporate?

Public health initiatives
Health promotion
Disease prevention
The concept of wellness

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How does population health differ from public health?

Studies health using scientific approaches
Analyzes information
Makes recommendations for improvement
Measures health outcomes and determinants

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What is the focus of public health?

Uses health information to prevent disease
Promotes good health for groups or an entire country
Applies strategies to improve health

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List the key determinants of health.

Health determinants include factors that influence health outcomes, such as socioeconomic status, education, and environment.

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What was the significance of the Lalonde Report?

It was instrumental in the introduction of population health to Canada in 1974.

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What was discussed at the Alma-Ata Conference?

It emphasized the importance of primary health care in achieving health for all in 1978.

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What did the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion establish?

It outlined strategies for health promotion at an international level in 1986.

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What is the role of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)?

Respond to national emergencies
Implement health promotion and disease prevention initiatives

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What is the mandate of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)?

To fund health research and apply findings to improve health and healthcare delivery in Canada.

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What is Statistics Canada’s primary purpose?

To gather information from provinces and territories and publish statistics on various aspects of life.

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Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for gathering health data and reports in Canada.

[Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI)]

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What are health indicators?

Standardized measures that assist in comparing health issues in a population.

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What does population-based surveillance involve?

Gathering information from various sources, including epidemiology.

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True or False: Population health initiatives are widely used in developing nations.

False

What are some calls to action related to health for Canada’s Indigenous population?

Increase the number of Aboriginal health care providers
Increase funding
Recognize the value of Aboriginal healing practices
Cultural competency training

What does the Public Health Agency of Canada’s logo symbolize?

Growth and renewal

What was the purpose of the National Forum on Health?

To discuss health issues in Canada from 1994 to 1997.

Fill in the blank: The _______ conducts a national census every five years.

[Statistics Canada]

What is the role of the Canadian Policy Research Networks (CPRN)?

To generate knowledge and discussion about socioeconomic issues in Canada.

Who delivers health care in Canada?

Provided by a wide variety of health care providers including:
* Conventional medical practitioners
* Complementary and alternative medicine providers
* Informal workers
* Voluntary community organizations
* Friends and family members

This includes a mix of formal and informal support systems.

What are the categories of Conventional Health Care Providers?

Conventional Health Care Providers include:
* Core professionals (Doctors, nurses, ophthalmologists, psychiatrists, dentists, pharmacists)
* Allied health professionals (Health information management professionals, osteopaths, personal support workers, etc.)

There are many allied health professions, totaling over 30 different roles.

What is the role of conventional health care providers?

Conventional health care providers:
* Diagnose health problems
* Treat prediagnosed health problems
* Render technical therapeutic or supportive care with scientifically proven therapies, medication, and surgery

This includes a range of medical interventions and treatments.

What is complementary medicine?

Complementary medicine supports conventional medicine. ## Footnote It may include therapies like acupuncture or holistic healing.

What is alternative medicine?

Alternative medicine provides another option to conventional medicine. ## Footnote Examples include naturopathy and traditional Indian medicine.

True or False: Most CAM therapies are covered by provincial and territorial insurance plans.

False ## Footnote Most complementary and alternative medicine therapies are not covered.

What are controlled acts in healthcare?

Controlled acts are procedures that only certain health care professionals may perform, considered potentially harmful if performed by untrained individuals. ## Footnote Examples include giving injections and prescribing medication.

What is a delegated act?

A delegated act is an act performed by a health care provider outside of their scope of practice but allowed under certain circumstances and supervision. ## Footnote It requires clear definition and shared responsibility.

What are some practice settings for healthcare practitioners?

Common practice settings include: * Home care * Hospitals * Clinics * Urgent care and walk-in clinics * Mental health clinics ## Footnote Each setting caters to different patient needs and types of care.

What is the role of the federal government in hospitals?

The establishment, maintenance, and management of hospitals is a provincial responsibility under the Federal Constitution Act. ## Footnote Federal laws like the Canada Health Act also impact hospitals.

What defines acute care hospitals?

Acute care hospitals treat patients with acute illnesses and provide outpatient services, with a length of stay usually less than 28 days. ## Footnote The average stay is typically two to four days.

What is outpatient care?

Outpatient care refers to patients diagnosed and treated within the day without being admitted to a hospital bed. ## Footnote This includes urgent care and outpatient clinics.

What are the roles of various executive leadership positions in hospitals?

Key executive positions include: * Chief Operating Officer (COO) - oversees hospital operations * Chief Financial Officer (CFO) - manages financial stability * Chief Nursing Officer (CNO) - leads patient care initiatives * Chief Information Officer (CIO) - oversees IT infrastructure * Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO) - manages recruitment and employee relations * Chief Medical Officer (CMO) - oversees medical staff services ## Footnote Each role is essential for the smooth operation of the hospital.

What are some trends in primary health care delivery in Canada?

Trends include: * Patient Centred Care * Patients Medical Home * Interprofessional Collaboration * Community-based Care * Ontario Health Teams ## Footnote These models aim to improve access and coordination of care.

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a provincial responsibility regarding the establishment and management of hospitals.

Federal Constitution Act ## Footnote This act outlines the roles of provincial and federal governments in healthcare.

What are some issues regarding access to primary care in Canada?

Issues include: * Thousands of Canadians without a primary care provider * Difficulty in obtaining timely appointments ## Footnote Solutions include multidisciplinary teams and extended office hours.

What is the Public Hospitals Act?

It provides the framework for the operation of public hospitals in Ontario. ## Footnote It is administered by the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.