Public Health Module 3 Flashcards
Name the first key aspect of health communication and the description
Collect: Raw health data generated.
Name the second key aspect of health communication and the description
Compile: Raw data combined for analysis and interpretation.
Name the third key aspect of health communication and the description
Present: Public health knowledge or information is presented and shared often with a targeted public audience.
Name the fourth key aspect of health communication and the description
Perceive: Recipient’s of public health information comprehend and react to new information.
Name the fifth key aspect of health communication and the description
Combine: Other related health data are combined with the merging knowledge to create a fuller understanding of the issue.
Name the sixth key aspect of health communication and the description
Decision making: Informed choices are made. This can include patients and healthcare practitioners at the patient level or the public and public health practitioners at population level.
Identify first basic type of Public Health data
single case or small series- alert to new disease. ex: SARS, covid19
Identify second basic type of Public Health data
Statistics-Vital statistics: birth, death, marriage, divorce; reporting of key communicable and specially selected noncommunicable-diseases (e.g., elevated lead levels, child and spouse abuse, etc.) required by law, births and deaths key to defining causes of disease.
Third type of Public Health Data
Surveys-sampling-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Also includes disease specific registries (e.g., Surveillance, Epidemiology End Results (SEER) cancer registry). drawing conclusions about overall population from samples.
Fourth type of Public Health Data
Self reporting- Adverse effect monitoring of drugs and vaccines as reported by those affected.May help identify unrecognized or unusual events
Fifth type of Public Health data
Sentinel monitering- Influenza monitoring to identify start of outbreak and changes in virus type.early warnings or warning of previously unrecognized events
Sixth type of Public Health data
Syndromic surveillance-Use of symptom patterns (e.g., headaches, cough/fever, or gastrointestinal symptoms, plus increased sales of over- the-counter drugs) to raise alert of possible new or increased disease. could be used to detect unexpected subtle changes with symptoms.
Seventh type of Public Health data
Social media- Data on outbreaks using key words from social media.Detect and monitor course of influenza epidemic
How is public health compiled to measure health of population
Explain meaning and uses of infant mortality rate
IMR- general measure of a populations health. it is the number of deaths of newborns before their first birthday. in use, miscarriages are counted in this rate.
Under-5-mortality
Under 5 mortality- more insightful measure, reports in a population for small children and their ability to survive until their 5th bday.
Life expectancy
Life expectancy- informative measure of populations health and goes beyond two indices and include multiple factors that may cause unnecessarily short lifespans in a population when compared to others.
Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
HALE (health adjusted life expectancy)- measure that takes into account mortality and morbidity. adjust overall life expectancy by the amount of time lived in less than perfect conditions.
Disability-adjusted life year (DALY)
DALY (disability adjusted life years)- measure of the overall disease burden on a population. it is expressed the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death
Factors that affect how we perceive public health information
Dread effect
Dread effect: hazards that easily produce very visual and feared consequences.
ex: being in an airplane crash even though air travel is one of the safest ways to travel.
Unfamiliarity effect
Unfamiliarity effect: hazards we lack experience with may elicit more fear.
ex: fear of flying in airplane without every being in one.
Uncontrollability effect
Uncontrollably effect: hazards out of our control as perceived as more threatening. ex: not being a passenger in a car because they cannot control the car.
Explain the process of decision analysis
Decision analysis relies on the vast information-processing ability of computers to formally combine information on benefits and harms to reach quantitative decisions. It provides us with insight into the types of information that need to be combined
