Public Health Module 3

Question 1

Name the first key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 1

Collect: Raw health data generated.

Question 2

Name the second key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 2

Compile: Raw data combined for analysis and interpretation.

Question 3

Name the third key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 3

Present: Public health knowledge or information is presented and shared often with a targeted public audience.

Question 4

Name the fourth key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 4

Perceive: Recipient’s of public health information comprehend and react to new information.

Question 5

Name the fifth key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 5

Combine: Other related health data are combined with the merging knowledge to create a fuller understanding of the issue.

Question 6

Name the sixth key aspect of health communication and the description

Answer 6

Decision making: Informed choices are made. This can include patients and healthcare practitioners at the patient level or the public and public health practitioners at population level.

Question 7

Identify first basic type of Public Health data

Answer 7

single case or small series- alert to new disease. ex: SARS, covid19

Question 8

Identify second basic type of Public Health data

Answer 8

Statistics-Vital statistics: birth, death, marriage, divorce; reporting of key communicable and specially selected noncommunicable-diseases (e.g., elevated lead levels, child and spouse abuse, etc.) required by law, births and deaths key to defining causes of disease.

Question 9

Third type of Public Health Data

Answer 9

Surveys-sampling-National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Also includes disease specific registries (e.g., Surveillance, Epidemiology End Results (SEER) cancer registry). drawing conclusions about overall population from samples.

Question 10

Fourth type of Public Health Data

Answer 10

Self reporting- Adverse effect monitoring of drugs and vaccines as reported by those affected.May help identify unrecognized or unusual events

Question 11

Fifth type of Public Health data

Answer 11

Sentinel monitering- Influenza monitoring to identify start of outbreak and changes in virus type.early warnings or warning of previously unrecognized events

Question 12

Sixth type of Public Health data

Answer 12

Syndromic surveillance-Use of symptom patterns (e.g., headaches, cough/fever, or gastrointestinal symptoms, plus increased sales of over- the-counter drugs) to raise alert of possible new or increased disease. could be used to detect unexpected subtle changes with symptoms.

Question 13

Seventh type of Public Health data

Answer 13

Social media- Data on outbreaks using key words from social media.Detect and monitor course of influenza epidemic

Question 14

How is public health compiled to measure health of population

Question 15

Explain meaning and uses of infant mortality rate

Answer 15

IMR- general measure of a populations health. it is the number of deaths of newborns before their first birthday. in use, miscarriages are counted in this rate.

Question 16

Under-5-mortality

Answer 16

Under 5 mortality- more insightful measure, reports in a population for small children and their ability to survive until their 5th bday.

Question 17

Life expectancy

Answer 17

Life expectancy- informative measure of populations health and goes beyond two indices and include multiple factors that may cause unnecessarily short lifespans in a population when compared to others.

Question 18

Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)

Answer 18

HALE (health adjusted life expectancy)- measure that takes into account mortality and morbidity. adjust overall life expectancy by the amount of time lived in less than perfect conditions.

Question 19

Disability-adjusted life year (DALY)

Answer 19

DALY (disability adjusted life years)- measure of the overall disease burden on a population. it is expressed the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death

Question 20

Factors that affect how we perceive public health information

Question 21

Dread effect

Answer 21

Dread effect: hazards that easily produce very visual and feared consequences.
ex: being in an airplane crash even though air travel is one of the safest ways to travel.

Question 22

Unfamiliarity effect

Answer 22

Unfamiliarity effect: hazards we lack experience with may elicit more fear.
ex: fear of flying in airplane without every being in one.

Question 23

Uncontrollability effect

Answer 23

Uncontrollably effect: hazards out of our control as perceived as more threatening. ex: not being a passenger in a car because they cannot control the car.

Question 24

Explain the process of decision analysis

Answer 24

Decision analysis relies on the vast information-processing ability of computers to formally combine information on benefits and harms to reach quantitative decisions. It provides us with insight into the types of information that need to be combined

Question 25

Describe the role and importance of health informatics for public heath

Answer 25

assures that the right technologies are used to improve timely delivery of quality data and assists data-driven decision making. It builds bridges across siloed public health work areas by “translating” between these communities, creating opportunities for interoperable information pathways

Question 26

What is informatics

Answer 26

Process by which raw data turns into digestible information

Question 27

What is the purpose of informaticians

Answer 27

Collect data and translate them into a language practitioners can understand