PUBLIC HEALTH Flashcards
What are the 5 approaches to health promotion?
- providing information
- enhancing motivation
- behavioral methods
- health behavior maintenance
- combined programs
What is the difference between a lapse and a relapse?
LAPSE
short-term return to unhealthy behavior
RELAPSE
prolonged lapse
Give 5 barriers to primary health promotion.
- not fun
- addictions
- motivation
- education
- social support
- cultural support
How many portions of fish should you eat a week?
2
Define personality.
a person’s cognitive, affective or behavioral tendencies that are fairly stable across time and situations’
What are the three methods of reduction of type A behavior?
- stress reduction strategies
- relaxation techniques
- anger management
give 3 measures of health status.
- mortality rate
- morbidity rate
- measures of functioning (activities of daily living, quality of life)
Define quality of life.
individual’s perceptions of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns
OR
a combination of a person’s physical, mental and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease
Give 4 reasons for measuring quality of life.
- improvement of survival rates
- persistence of symptoms
- cost-effectiveness
- benefits of interventions
What are the three measure types of quality of life?
- unidimensional
- generic multidimensional
- disease-specific multidimensional
What are the 5 determinants of quality of life in heart disease?
- physical functioning
- psychological functioning
- social functioning
- occupational functioning
- perception of health status
Give 3 things psychological distress following an MI/CABG is a risk factor for.
- early mortality
- low return to work
- difficulty making lifestyle changes
- problems with concordance with medical care
- increased use of health services
- PTSD
- readmission to hospital
Give 5 psychological challenges of cardiac disease.
- fear/reduced life expectancy
- anxiety
- depression
- loss of control
- loss of independence/financial status
- denial
- anger
- hopelessness
What are the 2 key symptoms of anxiety? What are the accessory symptoms?
KEY SYMPTOMS
- excessive anxiety/worry about a number of events or activities
- difficulty controlling the worrying
ACCESSORY SYMPTOMS
- restlessness
- being easily fatigued
- difficulty concentrating
- irritability
- muscle tension
- disturbed sleep
What are 3 physical effects of anxiety? What are 3 cognitive effects?
PHYSICAL - dizziness - dry mouth - shortness of breath - heart racing - butterflies in stomach - hyperventilation COGNITIVE - racing thoughts - anxious thoughts - preoccupation with and catastrophising about bodily sensation
