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Practices (2.1) > Public Health > Flashcards

Public Health Flashcards

1
Q

Health promotion & prevention

World leader in public health

A

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention

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2
Q

Protects the public health by monitoring safety and security of drugs, medical devices, food supply & cosmetics.

A

Food & Drug Administration

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3
Q

What does the FDA NOT monitor?

A

Meat!

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4
Q

Provides programs for the elderly, some disabilities, and poor Americans.

A

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

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5
Q

Provides health resources to underserved persons and builds healthcare workforce.

A

Health Resources and Services Administration

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6
Q

Carries out provisions of the Older American Act of 1965

A

Administration on Aging

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7
Q

Responsible for programs for needy children and families

A

Administration for Children and Families

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8
Q

Federal agency for research on health care quality, costs, outcomes, and safety.

A

Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality

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9
Q

Prevents harmful exposure and diseases related to toxic substances.

A

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

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10
Q

Prevention and treatment of addictive and mental disorders

A

Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration

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11
Q

Federal agency for medical research

A

National Institutes of Health

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12
Q

What are the 3 Major Causes of Unintentional Injuries?

A
  1. MVA (40%)
  2. Poisonings (18%; 80% in home)
  3. Falls (17%; most in homes)
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13
Q

Other deaths in order of prevalence?

A

Fires/Burns
Drowning
Other Transport
Firearms

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14
Q

MC Unintentional Injuries in the Workplace?

A
  1. Sprain/Strain (27%)
  2. Lacerations
  3. Punctures
  4. Amputations
  5. Avulsions
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15
Q

Injuries that keep a worker away from work beyond the day of injury?

A

Disabling Injuries

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16
Q

MC type of work injury with repeated trauma responsible for 65% of these?

A

Musculoskeletal occupational injuries

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17
Q

4 Respiratory disorders associated with occupational injuries

A

Pneumoconiosis
Asbestosis
Silicosis
Byssinosis

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18
Q

What is associated with many deaths in the agriculture industry?

A

Farm Machinery (tractor)

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19
Q

What are the Workplace Violence Risk Factors?

A
  • Contact with the public
  • Exchange of money or products
  • Working alone at night
  • Guard Jobs
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20
Q

Forestalling the onset of illness or injury during the pathogenesis period

A

Primary Prevention

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21
Q

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of diseases before the disease becomes advanced and disability becomes severe via Health Screenings, Early Detection, Early Intervention.

A

Secondary Prevention

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22
Q

Retraining, re-education, and rehabilitation of someone who has already incurred a disability.

A

Tertiary Prevention

23
Q

Number of new cases in a given area, or population in a given period of time.

24
Q

Total number of cases in a given area, or population in a given period of time.

A

Prevalence

25
Disease or other occurrence that is constantly present in a population.
Endemic
26
When only a few scattered cases occur
Sporadic
27
Whenever a disease occurs at a greater frequency than normal for a population or area.
Epidemic
28
An epidemic occurring on more than one continent.
Pandemic
29
The first case of the disease in a given area or population
Index Case
30
Illness; Expressed as rate of illness in a given population at risk.
Morbidity
31
Proportional number of cases occurring during a brief period affecting a specific population that was exposed to an infectious agent.
Attack Rate
32
A cluster of cases occurring during a brief period affecting a specific population.
Outbreak
33
Acquired by patients or staff in health care facilities.
Nosocomial Infections
34
Acquired from the health care environment, such as air conditioners or bed rails.
Exogenous
35
Derived from normal microbiota that become opportunistic while the patient is in the health care setting.
Endogenous
36
Induced by treatment such as with antibiotics or medical procedures such as surgery.
Iatrogenic
37
Sulfur Dioxide & Nitrogen Oxides cause _____ as well as impair visibility.
Acid Rain
38
Air pollution that effects the Kidney, Liver, Nervous System and causes seizures, mental deficit & behavioral disorders.
Lead
39
Air pollution that causes visual problems, poor learning, and is a risk for CV patients.
Carbon Monoxide
40
Air pollution associated with respiratory diseases?
Nitrogen Dioxide
41
Air pollution that causes breathing problems, wheezing & shortness of breath.
Sulfur Dioxide
42
Air pollution that causes chest pain, coughing, bronchitis, emphysema & asthma.
Ground level Ozone
43
Air pollution that causes aggravation of respiratory problems
Particular Matter
44
Air pollution that is responsible for 85% of greenhouse effect
Carbon Dioxide
45
Air pollution from emission pollution
Methane gas
46
The first 4 steps of Primary Sewage Treatment in water purification process.
1. Filtration 2. Flocculation 3. Sedimentation 4. Sludge digestion
47
Water purification process: | - filters big stuff with screens
Filtration
48
Water purification process: - Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) added - Precipitant - Clumps (Aluminum Salts)
Flocculation
49
Water purification process: | - Precipitate falls
Sedimentation
50
Water purification process: | - Add Anaerobic Bacteria
Sludge digestion
51
Water purification process: | - Removes anaerobic bacteria
Sand Filtration
52
Water purification process: - Adds oxygen to water to improve color and taste - Kills remaining anaerobic bacteria - Decreases BOD (biological oxygen demand) - BOD relates to amount of dissolved organic material - High BOD = high dissolved organic material
Aeration
53
Water purification process: | - Kills remaining bacteria
Chlorination
54
Water purification process: | - Not a part of purification process (not distillation or detoxification)
Possible Fluorination

Practices (2.1) (5 decks)

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