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Practices (2.1) > Public Health > Flashcards

Public Health Flashcards

1
Q

Health promotion & prevention

World leader in public health

A

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention

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2
Q

Protects the public health by monitoring safety and security of drugs, medical devices, food supply & cosmetics.

A

Food & Drug Administration

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3
Q

What does the FDA NOT monitor?

A

Meat!

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4
Q

Provides programs for the elderly, some disabilities, and poor Americans.

A

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

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5
Q

Provides health resources to underserved persons and builds healthcare workforce.

A

Health Resources and Services Administration

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6
Q

Carries out provisions of the Older American Act of 1965

A

Administration on Aging

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7
Q

Responsible for programs for needy children and families

A

Administration for Children and Families

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8
Q

Federal agency for research on health care quality, costs, outcomes, and safety.

A

Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality

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9
Q

Prevents harmful exposure and diseases related to toxic substances.

A

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

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10
Q

Prevention and treatment of addictive and mental disorders

A

Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration

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11
Q

Federal agency for medical research

A

National Institutes of Health

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12
Q

What are the 3 Major Causes of Unintentional Injuries?

A
  1. MVA (40%)
  2. Poisonings (18%; 80% in home)
  3. Falls (17%; most in homes)
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13
Q

Other deaths in order of prevalence?

A

Fires/Burns
Drowning
Other Transport
Firearms

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14
Q

MC Unintentional Injuries in the Workplace?

A
  1. Sprain/Strain (27%)
  2. Lacerations
  3. Punctures
  4. Amputations
  5. Avulsions
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15
Q

Injuries that keep a worker away from work beyond the day of injury?

A

Disabling Injuries

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16
Q

MC type of work injury with repeated trauma responsible for 65% of these?

A

Musculoskeletal occupational injuries

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17
Q

4 Respiratory disorders associated with occupational injuries

A

Pneumoconiosis
Asbestosis
Silicosis
Byssinosis

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18
Q

What is associated with many deaths in the agriculture industry?

A

Farm Machinery (tractor)

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19
Q

What are the Workplace Violence Risk Factors?

A
  • Contact with the public
  • Exchange of money or products
  • Working alone at night
  • Guard Jobs
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20
Q

Forestalling the onset of illness or injury during the pathogenesis period

A

Primary Prevention

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21
Q

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of diseases before the disease becomes advanced and disability becomes severe via Health Screenings, Early Detection, Early Intervention.

A

Secondary Prevention

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22
Q

Retraining, re-education, and rehabilitation of someone who has already incurred a disability.

A

Tertiary Prevention

23
Q

Number of new cases in a given area, or population in a given period of time.

A

Incidence

24
Q

Total number of cases in a given area, or population in a given period of time.

A

Prevalence

25
Q

Disease or other occurrence that is constantly present in a population.

A

Endemic

26
Q

When only a few scattered cases occur

A

Sporadic

27
Q

Whenever a disease occurs at a greater frequency than normal for a population or area.

A

Epidemic

28
Q

An epidemic occurring on more than one continent.

A

Pandemic

29
Q

The first case of the disease in a given area or population

A

Index Case

30
Q

Illness; Expressed as rate of illness in a given population at risk.

A

Morbidity

31
Q

Proportional number of cases occurring during a brief period affecting a specific population that was exposed to an infectious agent.

A

Attack Rate

32
Q

A cluster of cases occurring during a brief period affecting a specific population.

A

Outbreak

33
Q

Acquired by patients or staff in health care facilities.

A

Nosocomial Infections

34
Q

Acquired from the health care environment, such as air conditioners or bed rails.

A

Exogenous

35
Q

Derived from normal microbiota that become opportunistic while the patient is in the health care setting.

A

Endogenous

36
Q

Induced by treatment such as with antibiotics or medical procedures such as surgery.

A

Iatrogenic

37
Q

Sulfur Dioxide & Nitrogen Oxides cause _____ as well as impair visibility.

A

Acid Rain

38
Q

Air pollution that effects the Kidney, Liver, Nervous System and causes seizures, mental deficit & behavioral disorders.

A

Lead

39
Q

Air pollution that causes visual problems, poor learning, and is a risk for CV patients.

A

Carbon Monoxide

40
Q

Air pollution associated with respiratory diseases?

A

Nitrogen Dioxide

41
Q

Air pollution that causes breathing problems, wheezing & shortness of breath.

A

Sulfur Dioxide

42
Q

Air pollution that causes chest pain, coughing, bronchitis, emphysema & asthma.

A

Ground level Ozone

43
Q

Air pollution that causes aggravation of respiratory problems

A

Particular Matter

44
Q

Air pollution that is responsible for 85% of greenhouse effect

A

Carbon Dioxide

45
Q

Air pollution from emission pollution

A

Methane gas

46
Q

The first 4 steps of Primary Sewage Treatment in water purification process.

A
  1. Filtration
  2. Flocculation
  3. Sedimentation
  4. Sludge digestion
47
Q

Water purification process:

- filters big stuff with screens

A

Filtration

48
Q

Water purification process:

  • Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) added
  • Precipitant
  • Clumps (Aluminum Salts)
A

Flocculation

49
Q

Water purification process:

- Precipitate falls

A

Sedimentation

50
Q

Water purification process:

- Add Anaerobic Bacteria

A

Sludge digestion

51
Q

Water purification process:

- Removes anaerobic bacteria

A

Sand Filtration

52
Q

Water purification process:

  • Adds oxygen to water to improve color and taste
  • Kills remaining anaerobic bacteria
  • Decreases BOD (biological oxygen demand)
  • BOD relates to amount of dissolved organic material
  • High BOD = high dissolved organic material
A

Aeration

53
Q

Water purification process:

- Kills remaining bacteria

A

Chlorination

54
Q

Water purification process:

- Not a part of purification process (not distillation or detoxification)

A

Possible Fluorination

Practices (2.1) (5 decks)

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