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Practices (2.1) > Practices of Chiropractic > Flashcards

Practices of Chiropractic Flashcards

1
Q

What is the reference structure unless otherwise noted?

A

Vertebral Body

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2
Q

What side do you contact unless scoliosis is present?

A

Open Wedge

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3
Q

If scoliosis is present, what side to you contact?

A

Side of Scoliosis

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4
Q

If there is a scoliosis, what side does the doctor stand on?

A

Side of Convexity

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5
Q

What side does the doctor contact when patient is supine or prone?

A

Side they are standing on

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6
Q

Terminology for KINETIC listings on National Boards:

  • Segment is “stuck”
  • Segment can’t move there
A 
Stuck = "Fixed"
Immobile = "Restricted" or "Decreased"
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7
Q

What is the Medicare listing used that means the segments is actually in that position as if seen off of an x-ray, or “stuck” in that position.

A

Malpositions

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8
Q

What is used to close open wedges?

A

Torque

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9
Q

Open wedge to the right is _____.

Open wedge to the left is _____.

A 
Right = CW
Left = CCW
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10
Q

How are spinal listings named with Gonstead?

A

Spinal listings are named by how the subluxated segment misaligns to the segment below.

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11
Q

In Gonstead, the first letter always begins with _____?

A

P - Posterior

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12
Q

In Gonstead, the third letter refers to the _____ of the segments on the side of spinous rotation, which will be either ___ or ___.

A

Lateral Flexion or Wedging

S or I

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13
Q

In Gonstead, the open wedge is corrected by using what?

A

Clockwise or Counterclockwise Torque

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14
Q

Generally Gonstead will contact on the _____ side of the wedge.

A

Open

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15
Q

What are the special listings indicated with Gonstead?

A

SP - spinous
LA - lamina
TP - transverse process
M - mammillary

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16
Q

Give an example of a Gonstead listing

A

P - R/L - SI

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17
Q

National listings refer to what?

A

Body Rotation

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18
Q

The first letter for National Listings will be either ___ or ___.

A

R or L

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19
Q

The second letter for National Listings will always be a _____.

A

P - Posterior

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20
Q

The third letter for National Listings will either be an ___ or ___, which refers to lateral flexion or wedging on the side of body rotation.

A

S or I

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21
Q

Give an example of a National Listing

A

R/L - P - S/I

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22
Q

Medicare Listings:
- Increased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment below with decreased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment above.

A

Flexion Malposition

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23
Q

Medicare Listings:
- Decreased interspinous space between the involved segments and the segment below with increased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment above.

A

Extension Malposition

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24
Q 
Kinectic Listings (Motions):
- Decreased Motion or segmental fixation
A

Hypomobility

25
Q 
Kinectic Listings (Motions):
- Loosened motor unit
A

Hypermobility

26
Q 
Kinetic Listings (Motions):
- A segment or group of vertebral segments move in a manner inconsistent with their corresponding area
A

Aberrant motion

27
Q

Scoliosis and/or alteration of curve is secondary to muscular imbalance. T/F

A

True

28
Q 
Gonstead Pelvic Subluxations:
- Low Femur Head
- Anterior Sacrum
- Longer Innominate 
- Larger Obturator Foramen
- Increased Lumbar Lordosis
Palpatory Findings:  Spongy edema at PSIS
A

PI Ilium

29
Q 
Gonstead Pelvic Subluxations:
- High Femur Head
- Posterior Sacrum
- Shorter Innominate
- Smaller Obturator Foramen
- Decreased Lumbar Lordosis
Palpatory Findings:  Spongy edema at PIIS
A

AS Ilium

30
Q

Gonstead Pelvic Subluxations:
- Increased width of ilium making it wider
- Appears narrow at base of obturator foramen
- Decreased normal anterior curve
- Raises the femur head
Visualization: Foot Flair, Toe out, EX rotation

A

IN ilium

31
Q 
Gonstead Pelvic Subluxations:
- Decreased width producing narrow ilium
- Increased width at base of obturator foramen
- Anterior lumbar curve increases
- Lowers the femur head
Visualization:  Toe in, IN rotation
A

EX ilium

32
Q

This is the least offending scoliosis and is a normal compensatory deviation

A

Lovett Positive Classification of Scoliosis

33
Q

The side of the anterior inferior sacrum is on the same side as the _____.

A

PI ilium (short leg)

34
Q

Convex side of the scoliosis is towards the side of the AI sacrum/PI ilium. Spinouses will deviate _____ from the convexity.

A

AWAY

35
Q

_____ should be used on the side of the PI ilium, and a _____ on the opposite side (AS sacrum)

A 
Heel Lift (PI ilium)
Sole Lift (AS sacrum)
36
Q

Absolute Contra-Indications to Adjusting ***

A
  1. Malignancies
  2. Tumors
  3. Infections
  4. Fractures (except Clay Shovelers)
  5. AAA
  6. Recent Surgery
37
Q

Relative Contra-Indications to Adjusting ***

A
  1. Osteoporosis
  2. Spondylolisthesis
  3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  4. CV predisposing factors
  5. Congenital Anomalies
  6. Acute Spastic Muscle Region
38
Q

Described a balanced pelvis.

A

ASIS’s are in the same vertical plane as the Symphysis Pubis

39
Q

Describe an Anterior Pelvic Tilt.

A

ASIS move anterior to pubic symphysis

Hyperlordosis

40
Q

Describe a Posterior Pelvic Tilt.

A

ASIS move posterior to pubic symphysis

Hypolordosis

41
Q

Lower Cross Syndrome lengthened/inhibited muscles with anterior pelvic tilt?

A

Hams, Glutes, Abs

42
Q

Lower Cross Syndrome hypertonic/facilitated muscles with anterior pelvic tilt?

A

Psoas, Quads, Erector Spinae

43
Q

Upper Cross Syndrome lengthened/inhibited muscles?

A 
Rhomboids,
Lower & Middle Traps
Serratus Anterior
Teres Minor
Longus Coli & Capitus
44
Q

Upper Cross Syndrome hypertonic/facilitated muscles?

A 
Levator Scapulae
Pec Major
Upper Traps
SCM
Scalenes
Suboccipitals
45
Q

Exercises performed typically where the hand or foot is free to move.
These exercises are typically non-weight bearing, with movement occurring at the elbow or knee joint.
If there is weight applied, it is to the distal portion of the limb.
ex: Bench Press, Biceps Curl, Leg Extension

A

Open Chain Exercises

46
Q

Exercises performed where the hand or foot is fixed and cannot move.
The hand/foot remains in constant contact with the surface, usually the ground or the base of a machine.
These exercises are typically weight bearing where an exerciser uses their own body weight and/or external weight.
ex: Pushups, Pull-ups, Squats, Lunges

A

Closed Chain Exercises

47
Q

Anterior Postural Analysis

A
  • Head tilt or rotation
  • Shoulder height
  • Arm carriage
  • Hip height
  • Knee angle (recurvatum)
  • Foot malposition
48
Q

Lateral Gravity Weight Line

A
  • External Auditory Meatus
  • Anterior body of C7
  • Middle of shoulder
  • Anterior 1/3 of Sacral Base
  • Middle of hip joint
  • Posterior to the Patella
  • 1” Anterior to Lateral Malleolus
49
Q

Posterior Postural Analysis

A
  • Scapular Winging
  • Scapular Flaring
  • Scoliosis
  • Foot Angle
50
Q

Cervical Facets: Planes & Motion

A

Transverse Plane

Rotational motion

51
Q

Thoracic Facets: Planes & Motion

A

Coronal Plane

Lateral Flexion

52
Q

Lumbar Facets: Planes & Motion

A

Sagittal Plane

Flexion/Extension

53
Q

Lumbosacral Facets: Planes & Motion

A

Coronal Plane

Lateral Flexion

54
Q

Coupled Motion for Cervical & Thoracics (T6 and up)

  • Spinous Process: which way does it rotate?
  • Vertebral Bodies: which way doe they rotate?
A

SP: Rotate into convexity, away from lateral flexion
VB: Rotate into concavity, towards lateral flexion

55
Q

Coupled Motion for Tsp & Lsp (T7 and down)

A

SP: Rotate into concavity; towards lateral flexion
VB: Rotate into convexity; away from lateral flexion

56
Q

Describe how to palpate the TVP of Thoracic Spine

A

T5-T8: two interspinous spaces above SP & out***

All others are one interspinous space above SP & out

57
Q

Patients with herniated discs may sometimes lean to one side to alleviate the NR irritation.
With Lateral Disc Protrusions, the pt will lean _____ from the side of pain. This pt will have a (+) Kemps on _____ side.

A 
Lateral = AWAY
Kemps = (+) SAME side
58
Q

Patients with herniated discs may sometimes lean to one side to alleviate the NR irritation.
With Medial Disc Protrusions, the pt will lean _____ from the side of pain. This pt will have a (+) Kemps on _____ side.

A 
Medial = TOWARD
Kemps = (+) OPPOSITE side

Practices (2.1) (5 decks)

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