public health

Question 1

hawthorne effect

Answer 1

a group changing its behaviour due to the knowledge that it is being studied

Question 2

recall bias

Answer 2

a difference in the accuracy of the recollections retrieved by study participants

Question 3

lead time bias

Answer 3

This occurs when two tests for a disease are compared and the new test diagnoses the disease earlier, despite not affecting the outcome of the disease

Question 4

publication bias

Answer 4

failure to publish results from valid studies, often as they show a negative or uninteresting result

Question 5

verification bias

Answer 5

studies which compare new diagnostic tests with gold standard tests

Question 6

cohort study

Answer 6

two groups are selected according to their exposure to a particular agent and followed up to see how many develop a disease or other outcome

Question 7

type 1 stat error

Answer 7

null hypothesis rejected when its true

Question 8

incidence

Answer 8

number of new cases

Question 9

prevalence

Answer 9

number of exisitng cases