public health Flashcards
who is responsible for providing evidence based guidance regarding national screening in order to advise and inform ministers when making policies?
a) MPs
b) NHS England
c) Doctors
d) UKHSA
e) National Screening comittee
e) national screening committee
they provide evidence based research and guidance to advise ministers in terms of setting policy
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the definition of screening: (SBA)
a) It involves testing people with symptoms in order to provide a diagnosis
b) involves testing individuals who are asymptomatic in order to provide an earlier diagnosis
c) It involves testing populations for a certain disease in order to risk categorise them so that if screened as high risk further tests can be carried out. The aim being to reduce morbidity and mortality.
d) It involves testing populations of people not known to have a certain disease and thought to be ‘healthy’. The aim being to reduce morbidity and mortality.
d) It involves testing populations of people not known to have a certain disease and thought to be ‘healthy’. The aim being to reduce morbidity and mortality.
what type of evidence is the ‘gold’ standard evidence to help guide the National screening comittee as to whether a screening programme will be off benefit to the target population
a) RCTs
b) cohort studies
c) cross sectional
d) case control
e) animal studies
a) RCTs
(obviously not always possible but they compare the two groups (controls- standard care, versus experimental group who are exposed to the screening test to see if this produces a statistically significant event of being diagnosed earlier, better detection rate, reduced morbidity and mortality).
what is the new name for public health england
UKHSA (UK Health security agency)
what is the role of UKHSA in terms of national screening programmes
UKHSA help to co-ordinate and standardise national screening programmes so that regardless of where you live in the country everyone receives the same screening process. They do lots of jobs including:
- education for staff providing screening programmes
- resources to educate patients on screening programmes
- quality assurance of screening programmes
- collect and report data on KPIs
- content and resources to invite patients for screening
match the organisation to the role they do
role:
‘makes recommendations about which conditions should be screened for’
a) UK NSC
b) UKHSA (formally Public health england)
c) DHSC
d) NHS england
a) UK NSC (national screening committee)
provides expert advice and support for the national screening programmes
a) UK NSC
b) UKHSA (formally Public health england)
c) DHSC
d) NHS england
b) UKHSA
commissions and delivers screening programmes
a) UK NSC
b) UKHSA (formally Public health england)
c) DHSC
d) NHS england
d) NHS england
provides strategy oversight and finances screening programmes
a) UK NSC
b) UKHSA (formally Public health england)
c) DHSC
d) NHS england
c) DHSC (department health and social care)
can you name the five types of needs assessment
- Health needs assessment
- Health impact assessment
- Joint strategic needs assessment
- Health equity audit
- Pharmaceutical needs assessment
match the definition of the needs assessment with the type of needs assessment
” mandatory, informs commissioners of the provision of pharmaceutical services within their area”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
e) pharmaceutical needs assessment
match the definition of the needs assessment with the type of needs assessment
“systematic approach that assesses the impact and potential effects that a new policy/ programme/ or project on a health population”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
b) health impact assessment
match the definition of the needs assessment with the type of needs assessment
” a systematic approach that assesses the health and wellbeing needs of a population, leading to agreed commissioning priorities, improves health and wellbeing outcomes and reduces health inequalities”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
d) joint strategic assessment
match the definition of the needs assessment with the type of needs assessment
“a systematic process that looks to review inequities in distribution of causes of ill health, access to services, health outcomes in a defined population”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
c) health equity audit
match the definition of the needs assessment with the type of needs assessment
“a systematic approach used to assess the health needs of a defined population. Leads to agreed priorities and allocation of services, to improve health outcomes and decrease inequalities”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
a) Health needs assessment
What type of needs assessment would be the best one for the following scenario:
“To assess the health consequences of the local population following a decision to expand the nearby airport”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
b) health impact assessment
What type of needs assessment would be the best one for the following scenario:
“A new housing development is planned in the local authority area, and pharmacy provision for the growing population needs to be assessed”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
What type of needs assessment would be the best one for the following scenario:
“A particular local authority has the second highest rate of falls in England for people aged over 75 years and the aim is to assess relevant services in relation to needs”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
a) health needs assessment
What type of needs assessment would be the best one for the following scenario:
“Smoking prevalence is falling overall in a local authority area, but continues to rise among the routine and manual occupational group”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
c) health equity audit
What type of needs assessment would be the best one for the following scenario:
” To produce a starting point that combines information and data about the health and wellbeing of the population of a local authority area to inform strategy and commissioning decisions”
a) Health Needs Assessment
b) Health impact assessment
c) Health equity audit
d) Joint strategic assessment
e) Pharmaceutical needs assessment
D) joint strategic assessment
which approach to a needs assessment gathers views of stakeholders including professionals, patients, service users, the public and politicians on services needed.
This approach would consider three important stakeholders:
Providers - how do they feel they are meeting need or delivering their services?
Purchasers - are commissioners satisfied with quality, cost and outputs?
Population - what are users’ perspectives? Are their needs being met?
a) corporate approach
b) epidemiological
c) comparative
d)asset based
a) corporate approach
This approach to a NA gathers data on the epidemiology of the condition, current service provision and cost effectiveness of interventions. It may include information on:
Prevalence
Incidence
Mortality
Primary/secondary care
Changes over time
Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of service
a) corporate approach
b) epidemiological
c) comparative
d)asset based
b) epidemiological
This approach to a NA compares service provision between different populations taking into account variation in health and wellbeing.
a) corporate approach
b) epidemiological
c) comparative
d)asset based
comparative approach
This approach to a NA recognises the contribution of community assets to improving health and wellbeing.
a) corporate approach
b) epidemiological
c) comparative
d)asset based
d) asset based approach
what approach should be used when performing a health needs assessment
ideally all four approaches should be combined to produce a representative view of the health issues facing a population.
Corporate approach - gains insight into stakeholders views e.g. service providers, commissioners and service users as to their opinions on current services, unmet needs etc.
Epidemiological approach - what does the science tell us
comparative approach- what do other services offer, how do we compare
Asset approach - what could the community add
can you define the stages of a needs assessment
- analyse
- plan
- implement
- review
what is commissioning?
the process by which health services are planned, purchased and monitored
can you describe the commissioning cycle
three key stages
- strategic planning
- procuring services
- monitoring and evaluation
who is responsible for local commissioning of services
ICBs (intergrated care boards)
which organisation is responsible for national commissioning
NHS england
can you name two services that NHS england directly commissions
screening and immunisations
section 7a services
who is accountable for monitoring the local commissioning managed by ICBs
NHS enland
what act set the goverment rules surrounding commissioning
The Health and care act 2022
can you name a few services that are now commissioned by LA
sexual health services
health visitors
care services
addiction services
can you describe the ICS (integrated care system)
integrated care system is made up to of two bodies:-
1. ICBs: integrated care boards, responsible for local commissioning and this should be based on the joint needs assessment produced and set out by the ICP ( integrated care partnership)
- ICP: integrated care partnership - lots of different stakeholders e.g gov/nhs/ etc aim to produce a health care strategy for the area, this strategy should be based on the local joint strategic needs assessment.
NHS constitution how many principles are there?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 7
d) 9
7
can you name the 7 principles of the NHS constitution
- access to all (free of discrimination)
- free of charge
- patient centred
- collaborative approach with LA to ensure best care for patients
- value for money for tax payers
- high standards excellence and professionalism
- accountable to public, patients and communities
what is the following definition describing:
“describes the work to improve the health and wellbeing of individuals or communities through enabling and encouraging healthy lifestyle choices as well as addressing underlying issues such as poverty, lack of educational opportunities and other such areas”
a) Health promotion
b) health improvement
b) health improvement
What is the following definition describing:
“is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions”
a) Health promotion
b) health improvement
A) health promotion
