Ptt 2 evolution of management theory

Question 1

in the industiral revolution, economies of scale emerged which reduced average cost per unit as total volume increases.

Answer 1

Early Management Concepts

Question 2

In the 19th Century,manufacturing become the core business for many U.S. Companies

Answer 2

Classical approaches

Question 3

14 Principles of management

Answer 3

Division of work
Authority
Discipline
Unity of command
Unity of direction
Predominance of general interest
Remuneration
Centralization
scaler chain
order
Equity
stability and tenure of personnel
initiative
Esprit de corps

Question 4

delegation of authority

Answer 4

Authority

Question 5

Clarity of expectation and punishment of violations

Answer 5

Discipline-

Question 6

assignment of an employee to only one supervisor

Answer 6

Unity of command

Question 7

employees efforts geared toward the attainment of organizational objectives

Answer 7

Unity of direction

Question 8

individual interest set aside and general interest dominating

Answer 8

Predominance of general interest

Question 9

efforts are systematically rewarded in line with organization’s vision/mission

Answer 9

Remuneration

Question 10

importance of superior and subordiante roles are determined

Answer 10

Centralization

Question 11

communication is kept open within the chain of command

Answer 11

scaler chain

Question 12

jobs and materials are organized in an orderly fashion to support the organization’s direction

Answer 12

order

Question 13

fairness and order make employee commitment intact

Answer 13

Equity

Question 14

promotion of loyalty and longevity in the organization

Answer 14

stability and tenure of personnel

Question 15

ncouragement of employee to act solely on their own in support of the organization’s objectives

Answer 15

initiative

Question 16

Promotion of teamwork and unity of interest between employees and management

Answer 16

Esprit de corps

Question 17

approaches to management are quantitative management, are quantitative management, Organizational behavior, system theory, and the contingency theory.

Answer 17

Contermporary Management theories

Question 18

Argues that universal theories cannot be applied to organizations because each organization has unique characteristics and different problems or challenges that it confronts with.

Answer 18

Contingecny Theory

Question 19

this refers to the number of personnel,capcity,outputs (sales,customers) and resources (wealth) of an organization.

Answer 19

Size

Question 20

are major factors of oganizational structure in contingency theory

Answer 20

Technology/task