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TEE > PTEM Ch 1-10 > Flashcards

PTEM Ch 1-10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sound wave?

A

Series of compressions and rarifactions in a medium

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2
Q

1.1

Intraoperative indications for TEE (9)?

A

1.1

PTEM Chapter 1-11 page 1

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3
Q

1.2

ICU indications for TEE (2)?

A

1.2

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 1

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4
Q

1.3

Absolute (1) and relative contraindications to TEE?

1.4

Is cervical spine injury an absolute contraindication?

A
  1. 3
  2. 4

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 1

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5
Q

1.5

Complications of TEE (8)?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 2

1.5

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6
Q

1.6

Mortality and morbidity of TEE?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 2

1.6

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7
Q

3.1

How many wall segments are there? What vessels perfuse which areas?

A

17 + cap

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 3

3.1

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8
Q

What is velocity of sound in tissue?

A

1540 m/s

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9
Q

Define

  1. 2 A-mode,
  2. 3 B mode,
  3. 4 M-mode, 2D and 3D
A

4.2, 4.3, 4.4

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 4

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10
Q

4.6

D period

D frequency

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 4

4.6

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11
Q

4.6

Define pulse duration

Define pulse repetition period

Define fulse repetition frequency

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 4

4.6

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12
Q
  1. 7 Define wavelength
  2. 8 Define amplitude
A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 4

  1. 7
  2. 8
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13
Q

4.7b Power and intensity are proportional to what?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 4

4.7b

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14
Q
  1. 9 Define spatial pulse length
  2. 10 Formula for axial resolution
A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 5

  1. 9
  2. 10
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15
Q
  1. 11 Formula for Nyquist limit
  2. 11b Formula for intensity
A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 5

  1. 11
  2. 11b
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16
Q

4.12 What are the types of spatial resolution, and what determines them?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 5

4.12

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17
Q

4.12b Formula for axial resolution, what does this imply about which probes provide best axial resolution?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 5

4.12b

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18
Q

4.13 Factors determining temporal resolution (2)?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 5

4.13

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19
Q

Define Gain.

What is best gain level usually?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 6

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20
Q

4.16

Define and explain time gain compensation

A

4.16

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 6

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21
Q

4.17

Define and explain lateral compensation

A

4.17

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 6

22
Q

4.18

Define compression, what are it’s consequences?

A

4.18

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 6

23
Q

4.19

How does electronic focus work?

A

4.19

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 6

24
Q

5.1.5

How does Doppler shift work?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

5.15

25
Q

5.16 Formula for Doppler shift?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

5.16

26
Q

5.17 Formula for velocity by Doppler?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

5.17

27
Q

5.17b What assumption does machine make when calculating velocity? Beyond what point does this lead to estimation errors?

A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

5.17b

28
Q
  1. 18 How does continuous wave doppler work?
  2. 19 Implications for pulse repetition frequency and Nyquist limit?
A

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

5.18 & 5.19

29
Q

5.19

What is range ambiguity and when is it seen?

A

5.19

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 7

30
Q

5.20

How does pulse wave doppler work?

A

5.20

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 8

31
Q

6.1

limitations of pulse wave doppler (2)

A

6.1

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 9

32
Q

6.2

A

6.2

33
Q

6.3

what happens above the Nyquist limit?

A

6.3

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 9

34
Q

6.4

how do you minimize aliasing (4)?

A

6.4

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 9

35
Q
  1. 5 what is colour flow doppler
  2. 6

what are it’s limits (3)?

A
  1. 5
  2. 6

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 9

36
Q

7.1

what is a low pass filter. used when?

A

7.1

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 10

37
Q

7.2

what is a high pass filter? Used when?

A

7.2

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 11

38
Q

7.4

5 functions of a receiver?

A

7.4

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 10

39
Q
  1. 1 3 common
  2. 2 6 uncommon ways to assess LV function?
A
  1. 1
  2. 2

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

40
Q

8.1b

N values for LV FS, FAS and EF?

A

8.1b

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

41
Q

8.4

Causes of regional wall motion abnormalities?

A

8.4

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 11

42
Q

8.5

formula and N value for fractional shortening?

Where to best measure?

A

8.5

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

43
Q

8.7

weakness of fractional shortening measure?

A

8.7

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

44
Q

8.8

Formula and N value or fractonal area change?

What to do with papillaries?

A

8.8

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

45
Q

8.9

Eponym and formula for EF? N value?

A

8.9

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 12

46
Q

8.10

what factors does LV EF depend on?

A

8.10

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 13

47
Q

8.11

formula for stroke volume? How do we calculate this with echo?

A

8.11

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 13

48
Q

9.1

5 grades of segmental wall function?

A

9.1

PTEM Ch 1-11 page 14

49
Q

8.12

A

8.12

50
Q

8.13

A

8.13

TEE (2 decks)

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