PT.2 NOTES

Question 1

what are the 2 classifications of matter?

Answer 1

Pure substances and Mixtures

Question 2

what are pure subtances?

Answer 2

are made of only one kind of substance and are chemically bonded

Question 3

what are mixtures?

Answer 3

made of two or more different kind of pure substances physically combined

Question 4

types of pure substances

Answer 4

elements
compounds

Question 5

what is an element?

Answer 5

made of only one kind of atom

Question 6

what are the types of element?

Answer 6

non-metals
metals
metalloids

Question 7

what is a compound?

Answer 7

made of two or more different kinds of atoms that are chemically bonded.

Question 8

what are the types of compounds?

Answer 8

ionic
covalent
metallic

Question 9

define covalent

Answer 9

• components are both anion
• electrons are shared within the bond

Question 10

define ionic

Answer 10

composed of anion and cation group

Question 11

define metallic

Answer 11

• components are both metals
• electrons are stored in a “sea of electrons”

Question 12

what is mixture?

Answer 12

made of two or more different kinds of pure substances physically combined

Question 13

what is homogenous mixture?

Answer 13

• Mixtures wherein only one phase is discernible
• The mixture looks the same throughout
• You cannot see individual particles
• Also called solutions

Question 14

What is heterogenous

Answer 14

• Different parts are not evenly mixed
• You can easily see and distinguish the individual component

Question 15

types of heterogenous mixture

Answer 15

Solid
Liquid
Gas
Colloids
Suspensions

Question 16

what is colloid?

Answer 16

• very small particles
• the particles ranges from 1-100 nanometers
• kaya mag scatter ng light

Question 17

what is suspension?

Answer 17

• settles at the bottom of the container
• these particles are large enough that they do not dissolve but instead remain suspended in the medium.

Question 18

what is tyndall effect

Answer 18

the ability to scatter light

Question 19

organic compounds

Answer 19

carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids

Question 20

Sugars and starches that provide energy.

Answer 20

Carbohydrates

ex. glucose

Question 21

Made of amino acids, they perform various functions like

Answer 21

Proteins

ex. hemoglobin

Question 22

Fats and oils used for long-term energy storage and forming cell membranes.

Answer 22

Lipids

ex. triglycerides

Question 23

DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information.

Answer 23

Nucleic Acids

ex. DNA, RNA

Question 24

Inorganic Compounds

Answer 24

Acids
Bases
Salts

Question 25

** Acids**
Color:
Taste:
pH Level:

Answer 25

Color: Blue - Red
Taste: Sour
pH Level:
* Below 7
* The lower the pH the stronger the acid
* Produces hydrogen ions (Acid + Water)

Question 26

Bases
Color:
Taste:
pH level:

Answer 26

Color: Red - Blue
Taste: Bitter
pH level:
* 7-14
* The lower the pH the weaker the pH base is

Question 27

Types of Colloids

Answer 27

Foam
Gel
Sol
Aerosol
Emulsion

Question 28

foam?

Answer 28

gas trapped in a solid

ex.
whipped cream
shaving cream
sponge
styrofoam

Question 29

Gel?

Answer 29

Liquid trapped in a solid

ex.
jelly
gelatin
hair gel

Question 30

Sol

Answer 30

Solid trapped in a liquid

ex.
blood
muddy water
paint
starch

Question 31

Aerosol

Answer 31

solid or liquid trapped in a gas

ex.
hair spray
baygon
smog
fog
perfume spray

Question 32

Emulsion

Answer 32

Liquid trapped in a liquid

mayonnaise
milk
butter
cream
lotion