Pt. Care and Safety Flashcards
FDA limits for whole body SAR is ___ W/kg
over __ minutes of scanning
4W/kg; 15mins
FDA limits for **Head ** SAR is ___ W/kg
over __ minutes of scanning
3W/kg; 10mins
Regions of the body that do not quickly dissipate thermal absorption from SAR during MR procedures are the
Eyes & Testicles
The primary biological effects of the time varying magnetic fields (TVMF) are
- peripheral nerve stimulation
- visual light flashes (magnetophosphenes)
- muscle contractions
The pulse sequence that should be utilized the least in a patient with implanted metallic hardware is a
gradient echo sequence
RF heating is more of a concern in____________due to the multiple echo train lengths, leading to potential increases in tissue heating.
fast spin echo sequences
Risk factors of MR exposure with regards to SAR include all of the following:
- Obesity
- Hypertension
- Cardiovascular disease
- Elderly
- Sedatives/Diuretics
The general public is limited to a magnetic field of
5 Gauss
The percentage of patients reported to have reactions to gadolinium MRI contrast are…
less than 1%
During a quench, patients and employees should be evacuated from the scan room to prevent
- frostbite
- asphyxiation
- rupture of the tympanic membranes
* Zone 1* signage designates an area intended for
the general public
Zone 2 signage designates an area intended for
unscreened MRI patients
Zone 3 signage designates an area intended for
screened MRI patients/personnel
Zone 4 signage designates an area intended for
screened patients under constant direct supervision of trained MR personnel
FDA Regulations for magnetic field strength are__Tesla for the entire population, __ Tesla for those over 1 month of age.
4; 8
An implant with this label would require…
no restrictions on MR imaging approach, and can safely enter the MR scan room
An implant with this label requires….
that strict manufacturer guidelines be followed (field strength, scan parameters, duration) to ensure patient safety or entry into the MR scan room
An implant with this label….
would not be permitted to enter the MR scan room, nor be able to undergo an MR procedure, and alternative imaging methods would need to be considered
Cycle of infection:
Pathogen
Reservoir of infection
Susceptible host
Method of transmission
In the Cycle of infection a pathogen is
cause of the disease
In the Cycle of infection the Reservoir of infection is
where the pathogen grows
In the Cycle of infection Susceptible host means
pathogens grow in locations where they are stronger than
the host they occupy
In the Cycle of infection Methods of transmission are
airborne, droplet, contact
Transmission-based precautions are
Contact (isolation) – gloves and gown should be worn
Droplet – Mask should be worn
Airborne – Mask should be worn
During movement or transfer of patients, a urinary collection bag should be placed
below the level of the urinary bladder
Non-MR personnel are those with
little or no training in MRI safety
Level 1 personnel are those with
limited training in MRI safety
(education about the magnetic field)
Level 2 personnel are those with
extensive training in MRI safety, including a vast knowledge of the main magnetic field as well as the RF and gradient fields, and the risks and biological effects of these three magnetic fields.
To establish a claim of malpractice, four conditions must be proved
true:
- The defendant had a duty to provide reasonable care to the patient
- The patient has sustained some type of loss or injury
- The defendant is the party responsible for the loss
- The loss is attributable to negligence or improper practice
