Pt. Care and Safety

Question 1

FDA limits for whole body SAR is ___ W/kg
over __ minutes of scanning

Answer 1

4W/kg; 15mins

Question 2

FDA limits for **Head ** SAR is ___ W/kg
over __ minutes of scanning

Answer 2

3W/kg; 10mins

Question 3

Regions of the body that do not quickly dissipate thermal absorption from SAR during MR procedures are the

Answer 3

Eyes & Testicles

Question 4

The primary biological effects of the time varying magnetic fields (TVMF) are

Answer 4

• peripheral nerve stimulation
• visual light flashes (magnetophosphenes)
• muscle contractions

Question 5

The pulse sequence that should be utilized the least in a patient with implanted metallic hardware is a

Answer 5

gradient echo sequence

Question 6

RF heating is more of a concern in____________due to the multiple echo train lengths, leading to potential increases in tissue heating.

Answer 6

fast spin echo sequences

Question 7

Risk factors of MR exposure with regards to SAR include all of the following:

Answer 7

•  Obesity
•  Hypertension
•  Cardiovascular disease
•  Elderly
•  Sedatives/Diuretics

Question 8

The general public is limited to a magnetic field of

Answer 8

5 Gauss

Question 9

The percentage of patients reported to have reactions to gadolinium MRI contrast are…

Answer 9

less than 1%

Question 10

During a quench, patients and employees should be evacuated from the scan room to prevent

Answer 10

• frostbite
• asphyxiation
• rupture of the tympanic membranes

Question 11

* Zone 1* signage designates an area intended for

Answer 11

the general public

Question 12

Zone 2 signage designates an area intended for

Answer 12

unscreened MRI patients

Question 13

Zone 3 signage designates an area intended for

Answer 13

screened MRI patients/personnel

Question 14

Zone 4 signage designates an area intended for

Answer 14

screened patients under constant direct supervision of trained MR personnel

Question 15

FDA Regulations for magnetic field strength are__Tesla for the entire population, __ Tesla for those over 1 month of age.

Answer 15

4; 8

Question 16

An implant with this label would require…

Answer 16

no restrictions on MR imaging approach, and can safely enter the MR scan room

Question 17

An implant with this label requires….

Answer 17

that strict manufacturer guidelines be followed (field strength, scan parameters, duration) to ensure patient safety or entry into the MR scan room

Question 18

An implant with this label….

Answer 18

would not be permitted to enter the MR scan room, nor be able to undergo an MR procedure, and alternative imaging methods would need to be considered

Question 19

Cycle of infection:

Answer 19

 Pathogen
 Reservoir of infection
 Susceptible host
 Method of transmission

Question 20

In the Cycle of infection a pathogen is

Answer 20

cause of the disease

Question 21

In the Cycle of infection the Reservoir of infection is

Answer 21

where the pathogen grows

Question 22

In the Cycle of infection Susceptible host means

Answer 22

pathogens grow in locations where they are stronger than
the host they occupy

Question 23

In the Cycle of infection Methods of transmission are

Answer 23

airborne, droplet, contact

Question 24

Transmission-based precautions are

Answer 24

 Contact (isolation) – gloves and gown should be worn
 Droplet – Mask should be worn
 Airborne – Mask should be worn

Question 25

During movement or transfer of patients, a urinary collection bag should be placed

Answer 25

below the level of the urinary bladder

Question 26

Non-MR personnel are those with

Answer 26

little or no training in MRI safety

Question 27

Level 1 personnel are those with

Answer 27

limited training in MRI safety
(education about the magnetic field)

Question 28

Level 2 personnel are those with

Answer 28

extensive training in MRI safety, including a vast knowledge of the main magnetic field as well as the RF and gradient fields, and the risks and biological effects of these three magnetic fields.

Question 29

To establish a claim of malpractice, four conditions must be proved
true:

Answer 29

1. The defendant had a duty to provide reasonable care to the patient
2. The patient has sustained some type of loss or injury
3. The defendant is the party responsible for the loss
4. The loss is attributable to negligence or improper practice