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Paramedic School #99 > Pt Assessment > Flashcards

Pt Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

Stethoscope

A

Used to auscultate sound and vibrations

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2
Q

Otoscope

A

Used to visualize the inner ear and tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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3
Q

Ophthalmoscope

A

Used to examine the inside of an eye

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4
Q

Thermometer

A

Used to measure the pt core body temp

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5
Q

4 Examination Techniques

A

Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation

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6
Q

Inspection

A

Visual observation

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7
Q

Auscultation

A

Sense of hearing to obtain physical findings

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8
Q

Percussion

A

Consists of striking the surface of the body emitting sounds of varying pitch

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9
Q

Palpation

A

The act of feeling with the hand

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10
Q

Induration

A

feeling of firmness in the subcutaneous tissue, associated with hemorrhage, infection, or inflammation

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11
Q

Fluctuance

A

Wavelike motion felt when palpating a fluid-filled structure

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12
Q

Voluntary Guarding

A

Conscious contraction of the abdominal muscles

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13
Q

Involuntary Guarding

A

Subconscious contracting of muscles

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14
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the alveoli and blood vessels

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15
Q

Ventilation

A

Inhalation and exhalation of air

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16
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air moved in and out of the lungs during normal breath

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17
Q

Minute Volume

A

Amount of air in and out of the lungs in 1 minute/ multiply tidal volume by respiratory rate

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18
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

difference between systolic and diastolic

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19
Q

AVPU

A

Used in assessing mental status/ Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

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20
Q

Comprehensive Patient Assessment System

A

Scene size up, Initial assessment, reassessment

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21
Q

Scene size up components

A

Safety, Number, Mechanism of injury

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22
Q

Purpose of Primary Survey (Initial Assessment)

A

Find life-threatening conditions and fix them

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23
Q

Critical Body Systems

A

Respiratory, Circulatory, and Nervous System

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24
Q

General Appearance Includes:

A

Appearance, Breathing, Circulation

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25
Q

Pt Appearance Refers To:

A

Mental status, muscle tone, and body position

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26
Q

Abnormal Body positions:

A

Sniffing Position, Tripod position, head bobbing

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27
Q

Breathing

A

Presence or absence of visible movement of the chest or abdomen

28
Q

Circulation

A

Perfusion ( Skin color )

29
Q

6 Immediate Life Threats are:

A

Uncontrolled airway, inadequate breathing, pulselessness, severe bleeding, decreased level of consciousness, and potential spinal injury

30
Q

3 parts of Secondary Survey

A

Physical exam, vital signs, SAMPLE history

31
Q

DCAPBTLS

A

Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures, Bruising, Tenderness, Lacerations, Swelling

32
Q

Skin Turgor

A

Skin’s resistance to deformation when pinched

33
Q

Lesions

A

Disruptions in the structure of the skin

34
Q

Clubbing

A

Flattening of the nail base more than 160 degrees associated with chronic hypoxia

35
Q

Battle’s Sign

A

Significant bruising around the mastoid process (behind the ears)

36
Q

Raccoon Eyes

A

Bruising around the orbits of the eyes

37
Q

Exophthalmia

A

“bug eyed” often appears in pt with grave’s disease

38
Q

Grave’s Disease

A

Hyperthyroidism

39
Q

Nystagmus

A

pauses in eye motion (often observed when pt look to the side or down)

40
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

41
Q

Bruits

A

Sound made when blood in an artery passes over built up plaque

42
Q

Vesicular Lung Sounds

A

Soft, Low pitched sounds heard over healthy lung tissue

43
Q

Bronchovesicular lung sounds

A

Medium pitched sounds heard mainly over the major bronchi

44
Q

Bronchial lung sounds

A

High Pitched sounds normally heard only over the trachea/manubrium

45
Q

Crackles

A

High pitched crackling sounds caused by air passing through moisture

46
Q

Rhonchi

A

Loud, low, coarse sounds caused by buildup of mucus or fluid in the trachea or large bronchi

47
Q

Wheezes

A

High-pitched whistling sounds caused by air moving through narrowed passages

48
Q

Friction Rub

A

Sound like two pieces of sandpaper rubbing together

49
Q

PMI (Point of maximum impulse)

A

Fifth intercostal space just lateral to the midclavicular line( hearts apex) Point where the heartbeat is most strongly felt.

50
Q

S1 sound

A

“Lubb” sound of the tricuspid and mitral valves closing at the beginning of systole

51
Q

S2 Sound

A

“dupp” sound which signals the closing of the pulmonic and aortic valves at the beginning of diastole

52
Q

Heart Murmor

A

Whooshing sound that usually follows S2 (abnormal sound that indicates the valve may not be fully closing)

53
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Bruising and may suggest internal bleeding

54
Q

Grey-Turner’s Sign

A

Bruising of the flanks (May be seen in acute pancreatitis, trauma, and rupturing AAA)

55
Q

Cullen’s Sign

A

Yellow Bruising of the umbilical region (may be seen in pancreatitis, or ectopic pregnancy)

56
Q

Rebound Tenderness

A

Tenderness that occurs when pressure is released during palpation

57
Q

STOPEATS

A

mneumonic for possible causes of LOC, Sugar, Temperature, Oxygen, Increased intracranial pressure, electricity, alcohol, toxins, salts

58
Q

Decorticate posturing

A

Flexing

59
Q

Decerebrate posturing

A

extension

60
Q

Assessment Based Management

A

Taking info from assessment and using it to treat the pt

61
Q

Pattern Recognition

A

Determining whether pt’s presentation fits with the pathophysiologic signs and symptoms of illnesses or injuries

62
Q

Pattern Response

A

Anticipating the equipment and care needed based on pt history and PE

63
Q

Tunnel vision

A

Focusing on one aspect of the situation without taking into account of all possibilities

64
Q

Resuscitative Approach

A

Do what you have to on scene and then transport the pt (used when pt has life threatening problems that you can help fix or stabilize)

65
Q

Contemplative Approach

A

Conduct the History and PE first then provide interventions as necessary ( Immediate intervention not necessary)

66
Q

Evacuation approach

A

Immediate evacuation to the ambulance for transport (Pt needs life saving interventions you can’t provide, or scene is unsafe, unstable or too chaotic)

Paramedic School #99 (3 decks)

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