PT 1 MT Flashcards
increase body temperature causes..
decreased blood pressure
according to most dermatologists, the UV light in a tanning booth does not increase the risk of skin cancers
FALSE
if a nerve membrane potential reaches threshold, an action potential will result unless..
none
what therapy can decrease muscle spasm
heat and cold
deep heat is contradicted for patients that are diabetic because
poor heat dissipation system can result in burn
what vascular changes occur from tissue exposure to the chemical mediators of inflammation?
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
transfer of heat to your patient with sitting in a steam room primarily occurs by
convection
(transfer of heat to your patient when sitting in a steam room primarily occurs by)
atherosclerosis of the lower extremities
U/S intensity is currently measured as..
as watts/cm2
(U/S intensity is currently measured)
the U/S crystal
where can field shortwave diathermy may safely be used
across the chest (to tx congestion)
what is not a chemical mediator of inflammation
bromelain
what tissue heats faster when exposed to continuous U/S
periosteum
what is the proper temperature for a hydrocolator tank to be maintained
160-170 F
what U/S specifications describes the degree of uniformity in the U/S beam?
beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR)
what therapy increases the chance of cataract formation?
shortwave diathermy
near UV radiation has ___ than far UV radiation
longer wavelength
what happens first when someone freezes to death?
loss of consciousness
ONE over-exposure of therapeutic light can cause ____ if the eyes are not protected
conjunctivitis
increased body temperature causes
decrease in blood pressure
heat applied to a congested tissue would cause what
increase edema
deep heat therapy is contraindicated in patient with raynaud’s dz T/F
FALSE
underwater application of U/S is shown to be equally effective as deep heater direct contact U/S if appropriate methods of application are performed T/F
false
when describing therapeutic U/S the term “effective radiating area” means
the surface area of the U/S crystal
your patient has allergic skin lesions of poison oak contact where you desire to treat with a physical therapy modality, what therapy is NOT contraindicated
cryotherapy
the application of cryotherapy causes prolonged vasoconstriction of both arteries and arterioles. this vasoconstriction produces what result?
increased arterial pressure
patients with vascular intermittent claudication report that pain is worse in what condition?
during prolonged walking
(consider how one numerically reports capillary filling time)
increased capillary filling time = (+) finding
what role does sympathetic nervous system play in causing heat related vasodilation?
pain of spinal reflex (efferent pathway)
exposure to UV light will allow our bodies to produce vitamins D, what will facilitate this function?
none of the above
a person with raynaud’s dz is
equally likely to be burned from an external heat source as a person w/out raynaud’s
what physical therapy modalities may be safely applied in regions where there is greater that 1’ thickness of subcutaneous fat
continuous U/S
what possible result can be the GREATEST RISK to a patient receiving short wave diathermy?
treating a patient who is electrically grounded
perspiration allows us to survive in ambient temperatures greater than body temperatures because it uses _____ to remove heat from the body even if air around is greater than 98.6F
conversion
what patient is most likely to develop erythemia ab igne?
chronic low back pain patient
what physical therapy modality is safe when treating an area when metal surgical screws are present?
continuous U/S
after healing of a grade 2 tendon injury this type of injury will be
weaker than pre-injry strength regardless of care
myofascial adhesions would most likely have significant biomechanics and neuromuscular consequences in which location
paraspinal muscles
viscerosomatic reflex for intermittent claudication -> which heats the least volume of tissue most rapidly.
shortwave diathermy
near UV radiation has ____ than far UV radiation
longer wavelength
an acute sunburn is best treated with infared therapy because increased bloodflow will provide oxygen and nutrients to the cells for rapid healing T/F
FALSE
because increased tissue temperature results in increased metabolic rate, deep heating over normal endocrine glands can result in dangerous increase in hormone secretion. as a result, certain regions of the abdomen are CI to deep heat therapy T/F
false
near infrared has ____ than far infrared
shorter wavelength
what are nociceptor stimulators?
histamine
fibrinogen is a soluble protein that easily passes across normal capillary barriers T/F
FALSE
easy mobilization of second degree sprain will result in scar tissues that are as strong as previously injured tissues T/F
FALSE
what is the vant hoff law?
increased tissue temperature causes an increase in metabolic rate
what is the cosine law
radiant energy (radiation) is best absorbed if perpendicular to the exposed surface
heat applied to a congested tissue would cause what?
increased edema
primary mechanism by which ultrasound causes heat is…
conversion
what mechanism of heat produced vascular changes is not initiated by neurologic heat temperature sensors in the skin?
hypothalamic response
what are contradictions to superficial heat
patient w/ pulmonary embolism under current anticoagulant treatment
a substance with high heat capacity will
heat up quickly but cool down slowly
what substances has a high heat capacity as discussed in physical therapy class?
water
mineral oil is added to the paraffin bath because..
it allows easy removal of the wax
the pathologic consequences of erytherma Ab IGne include
none of the above
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated in regions where there is more than one inch thickness of subcutaneous fat?
shortwave diathermy
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated when treating patients with pacemaker implants?
shortwave diathermy
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated when treating in an area where metal surgical screws are present?
shortwave diathermy
what is the most penetrating of the deep heaters
ultrasound
the pathologic consequence of periosteal reaction is..
none of the above
what type of shortwave diathermy uses 2 parallel electrodes with the patients body part placed in the middle?
condensur
what therapy has been shown in animal studies to significantly increase the rate of healing of soft tissue injuries?
pulsed ultrasound
patient has poison oak on skin where you want to treat, what is not contraindicated?
cryotherapy
FDA regulations following ultrasound parameters is deepest penetrating..
1 MHz, 10 square cm effective radiating area
the application of cryotherapy causes a prolonged vasoconstriction of both arteries and arterioles. this vasoconstriction produces what result?
increased arterial pressure
ultrasound treatment time is 5-15 min, less than most heat therapies because of an increased risk of
thrombosis
treatment distance for the typical, 750 watt radiant infared heater is
14-18 inches
ultrasound therapy over the CNS has been reported to cause
arythmias
erythema Ab Igne is typically caused to be repeated, long term exposure of
infared
the pathologic consequence of erythema Ab is..
none of the above
what therapy modality heat by conversion
ultrasound
underwater application of continuous ultrasound has been shown in scientific studies to be an appropriate method of ultrasound application
FALSE
what are considered to be deeply penetrating therapies?
ultrasound
stable cavitation is a theory that explains the possible mechanisms of the effects of..
pulsed ultrasound
(may have more than one answer)
syphilis
excessive heating to the eyes may cause..
catarrats
