psychotropic medications Flashcards

1
Q

difference between typical and atypical antipsychotics

A

atypical are less likely to cause EPS
atypical treats both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, rarely causes agranulocytosis
typical antipsychotics- blocks norepinephrine which causes hypotension and sedative effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

drug interactions with antipsychotic drugs

A
alcohol 
hypnotics 
sedatives 
narcotics 
barbiturates
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

classic major side effects of typical antipsychotics (haldol and prolixin)

A

puritis, photosensitivity, sedation, dizziness, h/a, seizures, dry mouth, nasal congestion, blurred vision, urinary retention, gi distress, EPS
prolixin- periphrial edema, tachycardia
haldol- orthostatic hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is prolixin?

A

a typical antipsychotic, manages the symptoms of schizophrenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

interactions and contraindications of prolixin- fluphazine

A

renal and liver damage, hypersensitivity, blood dyscrasia, cns depressents, etoh, kava kava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

interactions and contraindications of haldol

A

narrow angle glaucoma, liver kidney damage, orthostatic hypotension, dysrythmia, urinary retention, cns depression, anticholinergics (increased toxicity), decreased effects with phenobarbital, carbamazepine, caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

side effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

sedation, drowsiness, wt gain, wt loss, h/a, fatigue, blurred vision, hyper/hypoglycemia, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, constipation, n/v, dizziness, sexual dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

orthostatic hypotension, seizures, hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, EPS, seizures, angina, angioedema, diabetes, suicidal ideation, NMS, agranulocytosis, neutropenia, luekopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

contraindications of atypical antipsychotics

A

dysrythmias, blood dyscrasia, liver damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nursing interventions for antipsychotics

A

vs/ cheeking meds, give w food, IM not IV, EPS, NMS, WBC, may turn urine brown or pink, 3-6 weeks to work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

side effects of benzodiazepines

A

drowsiness, dizziness, confusions, blurred vision, weakness, restlessness, sleep disturbance, hallucinations, GI distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

signs and symptoms of benzo withdrawal

A

tremor, agitation, nervousness, sweating, insomnia, anorexia, muscle cramping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

nursing interventions for patients taking benzos

A

encourage client to drink fluids, may take 1-2 weeks to work, no more than 2-4 wks to prevent tolerance, do not take with other cns depressants, NO kava kava, do not take w antacids or caffeine, take w food to prevent gi discomfort, warn client against abrupt stopping, take w food to prevent GI discomfort, warn client against abrupt discontinuation of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SSRIs side effects

A

H/a, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, seizures, tremors, GI distress, sexual dysfunction, suicidal ideation, works over 2-4 weeks
can cause hyper or hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prototype- fluoxitine

A

increased effects with hypoglycemia, increased risk for respiratory depression, GI distress, sexual dysfunction,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SNRI prototype

A

venlafaxine (Effexor)

17
Q

side effects of venlafaxine (Effexor)

A

drowsiness, dizziness, nervousness, confusion

18
Q

MAOIS uses

A

only used in patients with depression uncontrolled by TCAs

19
Q

side effects of MAOIS

A

agitation, restlessness, insomnia, anticholinergic effects, orthostatic hypotension, hypertension with tyramines

20
Q

drug interactions with MAOIS

A

VS, mood, suicidal tendencies, cold medicine, take with food, do not drive, do not stop abruptly, take before BED, 2-4 weeks for response, do not take with herbs, gisneng, or st johns wart

21
Q

types of mood stabilizers

A

lithium, anticonvulsants, tegrotal, valproic acid, lamotrigine

22
Q

therapeutic range for lithium

A

0.5-2.5mEq

23
Q

what levels can drop with lithium

24
Q

side effects of lithium

A

h/a, drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension, dysrythmias, restlessness, slurred speech, dry mouth, metallic taste, GI distress, tremors, muscle weakness, edema of hands and feet, increased urination, blood dyscrasias

25
signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity
Nausea and vommiting! severe diarrhea, blurred vision, ataxia, tinnitus, tremors, confusion, dysrythmias, seizures
26
nursing intervention for lithium
vs, na levels, urine output, renal function, 1-2L of fluid daily, take w food, monitor lithium levels 1-2 months, toxicity occurs after 2mEq, wear med alert bracelet, dont drive until you know how med effects you, drug may take 1-2 weeks to work, encourage pt to avoid caffeine, crash diets, nsaids, diruetics, pregnancy
27
carbmazepine
manages manic episodes
28
uses for valporic acid
management of major depression, bipolar disorder, tonic clonic seizures, migraine prophylaxis
29
action of ritalin
increases dopamine and norepinephrine which increases stimulation dose can be gradually increased until wanted effects occur
30
side effects of ritalin
nervousness, sleeplessness, palpitations, SOB,, fainting, aggressiveness, hearing voices, slows growth, seizures, blurred vision, impaired circulation, do not take when agitated or nervous
31
contraindications of ritalin
hx of glaucoma, tics, tourretes, use a MAOI or have in the last 14 days