GI drugs

Question 1

types of antiemetics

Answer 1

nonpresciption- (for motion sickness) antihistimine, dramamine, cyclizine, meclizine, diphenhydramin, peptobismol
prescription antihistamines 
anticholinergics 
dopamine antagonists 
phenothaizine antiemetics 
butyrophenones-haldol
benzodiazipines- Ativan and valium
seritonin receptor agonists- zofran 
cannaboids- used in cancer patients 
glucocorticoids- prendisone and dexamethasone

Question 2

nis for antiemetics

Answer 2

urinalysis for pregnancy
figure out underlying cause of vomiting
oral care
monitor bowel sounds for hypoactivity or hyperactivity
avoid etoh
if pregnant, stop using
report sore throat, fever, mouth sores- come to dr and have a CBC drawn
non pharmacological measures to alleviate nausea

Question 3

types of antidiarrheals

Answer 3

opiates and opiate related agonists- limotal 
somatostatin analoge-kaolin, pectin 
adsorbents-  peptobismol
miscellaneous 
immodium- travelers diarrhea

Question 4

assess for hx of drug abuse if

Answer 4

opiate related drugs are given for diarrhea

Question 5

report what?

Answer 5

tachycardia and decrease of bp by 10-15 mmhg

may need fluid and electrolyte replacement

Question 6

pt teaching with antidiarrheals

Answer 6

do not take with opiates, sedatives, narcotics
do not exceed daily dose, can be habit forming
drink clear liquids
constipation can result from over use
avoid milk and fried foods

Question 7

nis for antidiarrheals

Answer 7

with hold drug if it continues for 48 hrs past time of administration or if acute pain delevops
caution with hepatic impairment, ulcerative colitis, glaucoma

Question 8

what happens when people use laxitives long term

Answer 8

loss of bowel tone

possible fvd

Question 9

teaching for laxitives

Answer 9

do not take with in one hour of other drugs
dc if rectal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, or cramping occurs
take with only water to increase absorption
take in morning to prevent disturbance of sleep pattern

Question 10

bulk forming laxatives nis

Answer 10

avoid inhalation of psyllium dust
identify cause of constipation
dc if nausea vomiting or rectal bleeding
do not swallow drug in powder form
mix w 8-10 oz of water, if not drug can solidify and does not work

Question 11

nis for antacids

Answer 11

give 1-2 hours before or after meds cause it can interfere with the abosorption
drink 2oz of water with antacids to ensure medication reaches the stomach
do not take at meal time
take before bed
warn against milk and foods high in vit D
sodium restriction- check antacids for sodium content

Question 12

nis for h2 blockers

Answer 12

monitor loc
monitor gastric PH greater than 5 is desired
consider older adults may have less stomach acid
smoking can alter effectiveness of drugs
drug induced gyecomastia and impotence are reversible

Question 13

nis for Pepsin inhibitors

Answer 13

gastric ph greater than 5
renal funciton
administer on an empty stomach
1-2 hours time elapse between drugs, this drug can bind to other drugs causing issues
take exactly as prescirbed
increase fluids fiber and exercise because constipation is a common se
report any vomiting blood or black stools

Question 14

avoid liquids and foods that can cause gi upset such as

Answer 14

caffeine, etoh, fats, spices