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Psychiatry > Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What does psychosocial treatment entail?

A

counselling and social support i.e. education, housing, finances

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2
Q

What is the ‘recovery model’?

A

to get people recovered and back to work as best as possible

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3
Q

Who is the person who leads the MDT for psychosocial care?

A

a ‘care-coordinator’ usually a nurse of some sort

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4
Q

What is IAPT

A

improving access to psychological therapy
it is the biggest therapy across the country
scheme used to self-refer or for GPs to refer patients to
Mainly offers CBT

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5
Q

What may counselling be used for?

A

Patients adjusting to life events, illnesses or losses and in mixed anxiety/depression in specific groups i.e. postnatal mothers, bereavement

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6
Q

What is PTSD helped by?

A

trauma focused CBT and EMDR eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing

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7
Q

what is depression and anxiety helped by?

A

CBT

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8
Q

What is the best psychotherapy for bulimia?

A

CBT

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9
Q

Give 3 therapies used in children w anorexia and 2 in adults w anorexia

A

Children: CBT, interpersonal therapy and family therapy (latter especially). Adults MANTRA and SSCM

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10
Q

What can personality disorders be helped by?

A

Dialectic behavioural therapy

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11
Q

What does CBT help with? what does it focus on?

A

Helps change unhelpful thoughts and actions which occur during times of distress. This changes how we feel about the world, people, and ourselves. Focusses on problems in the here and now, rather than past distresses.

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12
Q

How long is CBT treatment for usually?

A

5-20 weeks

on a weekly basis lasting 30-60mins

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13
Q

what are the 3 waves of CBT

A
  1. Behavioural therapy
  2. CBT
  3. Combines mindfulness w CBT
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14
Q

Give 3 specific and 3 general indications of CBT

A

Specific:
Depression, GAD, phobias, OCD, PTSD, bulimia
General:
if pt prefers psychological rx, if no improvement on meds, if SE of meds too much

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15
Q

What is psychoanalytic/psychodynamic therapy founded on?

A

Freuds theory that uncovering past trauma will resolve present day sx

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16
Q

What are the 3 key concepts underlying psychoanalytic therapy?

A

The unconscious, psychological defence mechanisms, transference/countertransference

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17
Q

Describe ‘the unconscious’

A

a person’s behaviour is influenced by unconscious factors (thoughts, feelings, fantasies)

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18
Q

What are psychological defence mechanisms? give 2 psychotic defences, 2 immature defences and 2 mature defences

A

Psychological vulnerabilities being shielded by certain defences
Over-reactive defences lead to trouble
Psychotic: delusion, paranoia, denial
Immature: schizoid, dissociation, acting out, hypochondriasis, passive aggression
Mature: altruism, humour, suppression

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19
Q

What is transference and countertransference? how many errors arise from these?

A

transference: when a pt transfers feelings from important ppl in their early lives onto the therapist
Countertransference: Therapist reacting to patients based on their past.
If the therapist acts as though the patient were a significant person in their early lives it leads to problems (i.e. if their mother was an alcoholic they will hate alcoholics)

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20
Q

What does psychoanalytic therapy focus on and what does it help the pt do?

A

making connections between the past and the present

helps the pt become more aware of unconscious processes giving rise to their sx

21
Q

What is seen as part of the focus of the work of psychoanalytic therapy?

A

therapeutic relationship w the therapist

patterns of relating to others can then be worked on

22
Q

Give 3 specific indications of psychoanalytic therapy

A 
dissociative and conversion disorders
depression
psychosomatic disorders
relationship problems
grief
23
Q

Where is counselling often done?What does it do?

A

primary care, it allows pts to identify their own problems and come up with their own answers

24
Q

Who does counselling involve? what is it used to do?

A

2 people talking to find a solution to a problem

it is used to help people cope w recent events they have found difficult, it doesn’t aim to change someone

25
Q

Give 3 specific forms of counselling and 2 approaches

A

career, bereavement and pre-conception

can be person-person, email or phone

26
Q

when is counselling indicated?

A

current problems and stresses (i.e. acute psychological distress or in response to life-events or relationship problems)
can be used for brief anxiety disorders when anxiolytics aren’t indicated

27
Q

what is family therapy? when is it often used?

A

family attending together

often used in CAMHS

28
Q

what does family therapy work on?

A

Works on a family’s strengths to help family members think about and try different ways of behaving w each other

29
Q

give 2 things that family therapy sessions focus on

A

maintaining and solving problems, getting the family to discuss the problems putting strains on the relationship

30
Q

what is group psychotherapy?

A

it is a therapist working w several people at a time

31
Q

How can group psychotherapy help a pt change?

A

can be confronted by the effect their behaviour and beliefs have on others and can be protected during their attempt to change

32
Q

what type of therapy is delivered in group psychotherapy

A

any, but usually psychoanalytic

the group is used to explore interpersonal relationships and develop new ways of interacting, leading to change

33
Q

what 3 things make a patient suitable for group psychotherapy

A

voluntarily enter
high expectation from group
adequate verbal and conceptual changes

34
Q

what are 4 specific indications and 3 CIs for group psychotherapy

A

specific: personality disorders, addictions, victims of childhood sexual abuse, major medical illness i.e. cancer
contraindications:
severe depression, hypochondriacs, acute schizophrenia, extreme antisocial behaviour as this can normalise it

35
Q

What is the technique of group psychotherapy

A

group of 6-8 balanced for age and sex
can be closed or accept new pts
group goes through phases where they develop
focuses on the here and now not outside problems

36
Q

what is dialectic behavioural therapy? what is it most aimed at?

A

combination of CBT and behavioural therapy
individual and group sessions are combined
mostly for personality disorders

37
Q

What does DBT help to do?

A

helps balance accepting who you are and making positive change
helps pts learn to manage difficult emotions by letting them experience, recognise and accept them

38
Q

What is interpersonal therapy and what does it help to do ?

A

aims to help a pt understand how problems may be connected w the way their relationships work
helps strengthen relationships and find better ways of coping

39
Q

What is cognitive analytic therapy?

A

integration of cognitive and psychoanalytic therepaies

40
Q

What does the patient do in cognitive analytic therapy and how does it help?

A

patient describes how problems have developed from events in their life and personal experiences
they then focus on ways of coping and how to improve

41
Q

Give 3 things exposure therapy is used for

A

Phobias
OCT
PTSD

42
Q

What does exposure therapy work on

A

works on troubling thoughts or memories under safe supported conditions w a therapist

43
Q

What is exposure therapy used in combination with?

A

w learning techniques to avoid performing compulsive rituals or to work through trauma

44
Q

Fundamentally, what type of therapy is exposure therapy?

A

behavioural - avoidance maintains sx, confronting relieves anxiety

45
Q

What is psychoeducation? when is it used?

A

helping people understand their condition, used ij all therapy!

46
Q

Give 3 ways of psychoeducation?

A

clinical setting
classroom
self help
support groups

47
Q

What is EMDR and when is it used?

A

eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, uses rapid, voluntary eye movements to reduce anxiety w PTSD

48
Q

What is MANTRA and SSCM

A

Model of anorexia nervosa treatment for adults

Specialist supportive clinical management

Psychiatry (21 decks)

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