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Psychiatry Exam 1 > Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Topographic model of mind – Freud

A

Conscious: what you’re aware of
Preconscious: can become aware of w/ effort
Unconscious: not aware of but may be influenced by

Symptoms are result of repressed memories (tx: lifting repression)

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2
Q

Ego

A

Conscious/unconscious – decision making and integration of data, integrates id and superego/deals w/ conflicts

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3
Q

Id

A

Unconscious, drives of sex/aggression, controlled by ego/superego

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4
Q

Superego

A

Mostly unconscious, incorporates moral conscience and values

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5
Q

Denial

A

Avoiding awareness of parts of external reality that are difficult to face (disregard real data)

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6
Q

Regression

A

Return to earlier phase of development/fxning to avoid conflicts w/ present development

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7
Q

Somatization

A

Converting emotional pain/affect state into physical symptoms

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8
Q

Projection

A

Perceiving/reacting to unacceptable inner impulse as if it were outside self (target doesn’t change)

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9
Q

Projection ID

A

Aspect of the self projected onto another person and pressure is placed on person to take those characteristics –> changes to behave/think/feel like what is projected

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10
Q

Acting out

A

Enacting an unconscious wish impulsively, avoid talking about painful emotions

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11
Q

Idealization

A

Attributing perfect qualities to others, avoids anxiety or negative feels (e.g. contempt, anger, envy)

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12
Q

Splitting

A

Compartmentalizing experiences of self/others so that integration is impossible (e.g. all good or all bad); common in borderline PD

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13
Q

Passive-Aggressive Behavior

A

Aggression is expressed indirectly/ineffectively (e.g. no meeting expectations as an indirect opposition)

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14
Q

Repression

A

Expel unacceptable ideas/impulses by blocking them from entering consciousness (deals w/ inner states)

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15
Q

Displacement

A

Shifts feelings assc. w/ one idea/person to another that resembles the original in some way

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16
Q

Dissociation

A

Drastic, temporary modification of identity/character to avoid emotional disress

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17
Q

Intellectualization

A

Using excessive/abstract thoughts to talk about difficult situations/emotions to avoid difficult feelings

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18
Q

Identification

A

Internalizing the qualities of another person by becoming like the person – experienced as being part of the person’s identity

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19
Q

Reaction Formation

A

Unconsciously transforming unacceptable wish/impulse to its opposite

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20
Q

Isolation of Affect

A

Separation of idea from assc affect state to avoid emotional turmoil

21
Q

Rationalization

A

Justifying unacceptable attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors to make them tolerable to oneself

22
Q

Humor

A

Finding comic/ironic elements in difficult situations to reduce unpleasant affect/personal discomfort – allows for distance and objectivity from events so that individual can reflect on what is happening

23
Q

Suppression

A

Consciously deciding to not thinking about a particular feeling/idea/impulse – CONSCIOUS

24
Q

Altruism

A

Committing oneself to needs of other over and above ones own needs – used for narcissism and guilt or source of great achievements and constructive contributions to society

25
Q

Sublimation

A

Transforming socially objectionable or internally unacceptable aims into socially acceptable ones that don’t conflict w/ values

26
Q

Extinction

A

Conditioned stimulus constantly repeated w/o unconditioned stimulus until response evoked weakens – disappears

27
Q

Stimulus generalization

A

Conditioned response transferred to another stimulus

28
Q

Discrimination

A

Process of recognizing/responding to differences between similar stimuli

29
Q

Continuous reinforement

A

Action reliably –> effect; most rapid initial learning but most rapid distinction if not rewarded

30
Q

Partial reinforcement

A

Action –> effect sometimes; better for maintenance, slowest extinction if not rewarded

31
Q

Transference

A

Unconscious redirection of feelings/desires retained from the past that are redirected by the PATIENT TOWARD the therapist

32
Q

Countertransference

A

Unconscious assoc. of feelings/desires from the past that the THERAPIST develops for the patient

33
Q

6 strategies to establishing rapport

A
  1. Put pt at ease
  2. Find pts pain and express compassion
  3. Become an ally
  4. Show expertise
  5. Establish authority as physician/therapist
  6. Balance roles of empathic listener, expert, authority
34
Q

Clarification

A

Questions/statements w/ goal to make more clear patient’s current thoughts/behavior

35
Q

Interpretation

A

After listening, therapist links pts conscious thoughts/behavior to unconscious motivations

36
Q

Psychodynamic Psychotherapy

A

Insight oriented – symptoms are from early experiences w/ buried conflicts – tx aims to uncover unconscious aspects of pts life –> insight into old patterns of relating/improved self-understanding; main themes: unconscious conflicts, repressed feelings, family issues from early life, difficulty w/ current relationships

37
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

More intensive/rigorous psychotherapy – same principles of psychodynamic but pt seen 3-6/wk, treated by psychoanalyst, and lies on couch w/ therapist behind

38
Q

Behavioral therapy

A

Focused on observable behavior, uses conditioning techniques, goal of improving symptoms w/o focusing on past

39
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Approaches feared situation gradually – relaxation training, hierarchy construction, desensitization by moving through hierarchy using relaxation techniques

40
Q

Graded exposure

A

Same as systematic desensitization but in real life rather than imagined

41
Q

Flooding

A

Pt immediately exposed to most anxiety-provoking stimulus w/o hierarchy (problem: compliance)

42
Q

Implosion

A

Same as flooding but imagined

43
Q

Token economy

A

Positive reinforcement – reward for completing desired duties or behaving appropriately – exchanged for privileges to act as positive reinforcers

44
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

Based on belief that people constantly process/interpret info – interpretations based on more than just sensory info and bias –> negative/maladaptive ideas –> affect mood; therapy focuses on recognizing automatic thoughts and bringing them into awareness to be challenged

45
Q

CBT

A

Combo of cognitive and behavioral; psychopathology result of distorted thinking which has negative impact on mood/behavior; uses collaboration and psycho education to test/change maladaptive cognitions, problem/goal oriented, time limited/structured, and focuses on the present

46
Q

DBT

A

Dialectical behavioral therapy – eclectic therapy drawing from cognitive, behavioral, and supportive therapies; individual and group; pts seen q/wk x 1yr and taught to be mindful of present, better regulate emotions, and tolerate negative feelings; indication in borderline PD; goals: reduce self-destructive/injurious behavior, improve interpersonal skills

47
Q

IPT

A

Interpersonal psychotherapy – addresses how pt interacts w/ others by focusing on current relationship sand improving pts interpersonal life; main areas addressed: grief, role transition, interpersonal conflicts, interpersonal deficits

48
Q

Supportive psychotherapy

A

Examines symptoms, relationships, everyday fxning, patters of emotional responses w/ goal of improving symptoms, maintain/restore self-esteem, improve self-esteem, ego fxn, and adaptive skills

Psychiatry Exam 1 (9 decks)

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