Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 102 > Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Psychotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

3 main approaches fro treatment and the methods they contain?

A

1) INSIGHT - psychoanalysis, client centred, cognitive

2) BEHAVIOURAL - Cognitive behavioural approaches - Classical Conditioning, Systematic Desensitization

3) BIOMEDICAL - drug therapy > anti anxiety, antidepressants, antipsychotics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most important part of treatment?

A

People who can support and help individual to change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Goal of Insight therapies?

A
  • Guide client toward an understanding that their unrealistic thought patterns are incorrect
  • Help clients achieve conscious awareness of the psychodynamics that underlie their problems.
  • free association, dream interpretation, Transference
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Free Association?

A

Insight therapy
- Psychoanalysis
- lie on couch
- Speak out load any thoughts, feelings, images that entered awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Resistance?

A

Avoidance patterns that hinder therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Transference?

A

The client begins talking to analysts as if they were the person that their thoughts and feelings were directed to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psychodynamic therapy success?

A

Too expensive/ time consuming
- Interpersonal Therapy can be successful in talking through and adapting to struggles/ changes in relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Goal of Behaviour Therapy?

A
  • If maladaptive behaviour is learned, so too can it be unlearned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When is behaviour therapy effective ve ineffective?

A

Very helpful for phobias and social anxiety and OCD

Not helpful for genetic DOs (schizophrenia, major mood DOs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Client Centred Therapy?

A

Insight Therapy - Carl Rogers
- Most important active ingredient in therapy is the relationship b/w client and therapist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 important attributes of CCT?

A

Unconditional Positive Regard
Empathy
Genuineness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Gestalt Psych?

A

Bring together the whole of our experiences into immediate awareness to gain full understanding of how thoughts, feelings, memories control us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Rational Emotive Therapy?

A

Cognitive (Insight) therapy
- Irrational thoughts, not unconscious dynamics were the main cause of self-defeating emotions
- Uses the ABCD model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Beck’s Cognitive Therapy?

A

Show clients that their thoughts/ logic, not their situation, cause their maladaptive emotional reaction

  • Most helpful w/ depression - treatment of choice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Classical Conditioning techniques?

A

Used for Behavioural therapies
Exposure

Systematic Desensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Exposure therapy?

A

Behavioural
Used for Phobias
- Expose the client to the fear creating conditioned stimulus w/o the unconditioned stimulus while using Response Prevention Techniques

  • Believe that the anxiety will extinguish over time w/ prolonged exposure
  • Treatment of choice for PTSD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Systematic Desensitization?

A

Behavioural
> Learning based treatment for anxiety DOs

> Uses Counter-conditioning
- produce a new response that is incompatible with anxiety to be conditioned to the anxiety-arousing stimulus

> Be very relaxed and construct a stimulus hierarchy
- Create low anxiety response to those stimuli as one talks through them one by one = desensitization

18
Q

What is AVERSION THERAPY?

A

Behavioural
Pair an attractive (but maladaptive stimulus) w/ a noxious unconditioned stimuli to condition an aversion to the conditioned (attractive) stimuli

For substance abuse - inject client with nausea inducing drug and have them drink alcohol

19
Q

What is Behaviour Modification?

A

Treatment techniques that use operant conditioning to increase or decrease a behaviour
- Helpful for those w/ Schizophrenia
- Positive reinforcement with the Token Economy has been successful in encouraging behaviour change in schizophrenic mental hospital patients

20
Q

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

A

> Developed specifically for Borderline Personality DO (BPDO)
- these people are very difficult to treat because they…
- struggle having relationships
- low emotional control
- self-destructive behaviours
- Often suicidal

Consists of a package of elements from many different techniques
> Behaviour techniques to learn interpersonal/ emotional control skills
> Cog. Techniques to learn more adaptive thinking about life
> Psychodynamics to trace the early development of DO and its causes
> Humanistic emphasis on tolerating negative emotions better

Goal is to stop self-destructive behaviours!

21
Q

Important Cultural Factors in Therapy?

A

Cultural congruence
Cultural Competence
Need more diverse therapists
Use culture specific elements in therapy

22
Q

What is the Specificity Question?

A

Which therapy, given by which therapists, to which DO, produces what effects?

23
Q

What is Biomedical Psychotherapy?

A

The use of drugs in biological interventions of psych DOs
Drug therapies are the most common therapy
3 common drugs classes

23
Q

3 Factors affecting the outcome of Therapy?

A

> Therapist Variables (empathy, genuineness, experience)

> Client Variables (opens, self-relatedness, nature of the problem)

> Techniques (timing, specific ones used)

Also the quality of relationship b/w therapist and client

24
Q

Anti-Anxiety Drugs (prevalence, usefulness, concerns, names)?

A

Used by 15% of those 18-74
- XANAX is the most popular
- Can help clients deal w/ anxiety producing situations more effectively if combined w/ other therapies
- People can become dependant after long-term use - withdrawal symptoms
- BuSpar drug is very effective in treating GAD and PTSD

Side effects = tired, light-headedness, slurred speech, addictive

25
Q

Anti-Depressant Drug categories?

A

3 major categories
- Tricyclics (Elavil)
- Monamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors (Nardil)
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs - Prozac)

26
Q

Tricyclic drugs function?

A

> Increase the activity of excitatory NTs norepinephrine and serotonin
Prevent reuptake of these NTs to allow prolonged excitatory stimulation of postsynaptic neuron

  • Side effects = dizziness, sweating, weight gain
27
Q

MAO inhibitor drugs function?

A

Reduces the activity of MAO enzymes that break down NTs in the synaptic cleft
- Lots of side effects (worse that tricyclics) > high blood pressure

28
Q

Function of AntiPsychotic Drugs?

A

Drug = Chlorpromazine
> Major focus in for schizophrenia
> Major tranquilizers - decrease the action of Dopamine to prevent overactivity which is thought to cause schizophrenia
> Decrease hallucinations/ delusions but not apathy/ withdrawal.

> Must remain on drugs for them to help - relapses happen very quickly if patients come off them - common

28
Q

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Function?

A

Blocks serotonin reuptake mechanism on presynaptic neuron to increase Serotonin concentration and its stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron

> Some side effects for Prozac but less bad than the other 2
- Insomnia, joint pain, nervousness, drowsiness, increased anxiety

29
Q

Side Effects of Antipsychotic drugs?

A

Severe Movement DO
- Tardive Dyskinesia
- Cause uncontrolled, grotesque movements of face/ tongue and flailing of limbs
- In 20-30% of patients

New Drug = Clozaril - reduces + and - Symptoms as well as TDK but it produces a fail blood disease in 1-2% of patients

30
Q

Best use of Antipsychotic drugs?

A

Best used w/ psychotherapy involving skills training, and family/ group training

31
Q

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy?

A

The inducing of seizures to help w/ schizophrenia - not very helpful actually

> Helps more w/ severe depression for those w/ high suicide risk where drugs would take too long

32
Q

What is Psychosurgery?

A

Procedure to remove/ destroy brain tissue in order to change disordered behaviour - Lobotomy - not very helpful

Small surgery called Cingulotomy is successful at treating severe depression and OCD - Cut a small bundle of fibre that connect the frontal lobe and the limbic system

33
Q

Issues w/ Drug treatments?

A

They modify DO but don’t cure it
Don’t teach coping/ problem solving skills

34
Q

Causes of relapse for mental hospital patients?

A

Low funding for hospitals means that they cannot give people help once they leave and there isn’t enough funding for community programs/ treatment which help people reenter social life.

This means communities can’t meet/ care for the needs of the institutionalized and people come off their meds and end right back in the hospital = Revolving Door Phenomenon

50-65% stop taking meds after leaving hospital b/c of side effects or they feel better

35
Q

2 Forms of Preventative Mental Health

A

Situational Focused Prevention
- reduce/ eliminate environmental causes of BDOs
- Reduce stress in family, work, community
- better education, socioeconomic equality

Competency Focused Prevention
- Increase personal resources and Coping skills
- Group programs

36
Q

Issues w/ Psychoanalysis?

A

> Gaging effectiveness of different therapies
Measurement/ diagnoses b/w therapists varies
No agreed upon definition fro abnormality
Different DOs affect the type of treatment
Therapy depends on client choice to participate

37
Q

3 Commonalities b/w Psychotherapies?

A

Interpersonal relationship of trust/ warmth

Getting reassurance and support

Achieving understanding/ insight

38
Q

What is Catharsis?

A

Re-experiencing something to the full emotional extent and in that you release those thoughts and emotions that were dragging you down and you have more energy to direct to positive thoughts/ emotions/ the present reality, instead of the past weighing you down

38
Q
A
39
Q
A

Psych 102 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions