Psychotherapeutics Flashcards
Alprazolam (Benzodiazepine)
Used to treat: Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Short term anxiety, Panic disorder, Anxiety associated with depression
Reduces overactivity in the CNS by Increasing action of GABA which blocks nerve transmitter in the CNS
Adverse Effects: Amnesia, Anorexia, sedation, lethargy, fatigue, weight gain
*Avoid Alcohol and Oral contraceptives not effective
Diazepam
(Benzodiazepine)
Used to treat: Anxiety, Alcohol Withdrawal, Reverse Epilepticus, Pre-op sedation, relief of skeletal muscle spasms
*Active metabolite that can accumulate in Pts w/ hepatic dysfunction
Lorazepam
(Benzodiazepine)
Used to treat: Anxiety, Acutely agitated Pts (IV push), Prevention of alcohol withdrawals
Buspirone
(Misc.)
Used to treat: Anxiety
Mechanism: Unknown
Adverse Effects: Paradoxical anxiety, dizzy, blurred vision
*Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
Trazodone
(Triazolopyridine)
Used to treat: Depression, Insomnia
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits Serotonin Uptake
Adverse effects: Dizzy, nausea, tachycardia, blurred vision
Lithium
(Mood Stabilizing)
Used to treat: Bipolar (mania, hypomania, depression)
Mechanism of Action: Lithium ions alter sodium ion transport in nerve cells which results in a shift in catecholamine metabolism
Adverse Effects: GI discomfort, tremors, confusion, somnolence, seizures, dysrhythmias
*Avoid thiazide diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, NSAID
Amitriptyline
(Tricyclic Antidepressant)
Used to treat: Depression, neuropathic pain, insomnia
Mechanism of action: Corrects imbalance of neurotransmitter concentrations of serotonin and norepinephrine at the nerve endings in CNS. Blocks presynaptic reuptake of neurotransmitters, transmitting nerve impulse in brain
Adverse Effects: Anorexia, Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, gynecomastia, sexual dysfunction
Bupropion
(Misc. Antidepressants)
Used to treat: Depression, smoking cessation
Mechanism of Action: INhibits reuptake of norepinephrine/dopamine weakly
Adverse Effects: Dizzy, Sedation, Nausea, Tachycardia
Citalopram
(SSRI)
Used to treat: Depression,OCD
Mechanism Of Action: Increases serotonin in brain
Adverse Effects: Anxiety, Dizzy, drowsy, Mild GI Upset, Sexual Dysfunction, Tremor
Fluoxetine
(Prototypical SSRI)
Used to treat: Depression, Bulimia, OCD, Panic Disorder, PMDD
Mechanism of Action: Increases serotonin in brain
Adverse Effects: same as Citalopram
Haloperidol
Used to treat: Schizophrenia, tourettes, Severe refractory behavioral problems, hyperactivity
Mechanism of Action: Blocks Dopamine Receptors in brain
Adverse Effects: Akathisia, Hypotension, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
*IV in acute situations
Mirtazapine
(Tetracyclics)
Used to treat: Depression and Bipolar, Decreases Sexual Adverse Effects in SSRI Therapy
Mechanism of Action: Promotes Presynaptic release of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain
Adverse Effects: Drowsy, Abnormal Dreams, Dry Mouth, Constipation
*Appetite Stimulation: good for those underweight
Duloxetine
(SSNRI)
Used to treat: Depression and Generalized Anxiety, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Fibromyalgia
Mechanism of Action: Inhibits both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake
Adverse Effects: Dizzy, hepatotoxicity, drowsy, GI Upset
Aripiprazole
Used to treat: Schizophrenia, bipolar, major depressive disorder, agitation associated with autism
Mechanism of action: Rebalances dopamine and serotonin in the brain
Adverse in Effects: Sedation, Somnolence, Tachycardia, Akathisia,
Clozapine
Used to treat: Schizophrenia, Recurrent SI behavior in schizophrenia
Mechanism of Action: Blocks dopaminergic receptors in the mesolimbic region of the brain
Adverse Effects: Severe neutropenia and constipation
