Psychosis Randoms Flashcards
What is Schizotypal Disorder?
Latent schizophrenia characterized by eccentric behaviour, suspiciousness, unusual speech and deviations of thinking and affect that is similar to those suffering from schizophrenia. However, there are no hallucinations or delusions.
Increase risk if 1st degree relative has schizophrenia
What is Schizoaffective disorder?
Characterized by both symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorder in same episode of illness. Mood symptoms should meet criteria for either depressive illness or manic episode together with one or two typical symptoms of schizophrenia
What is Mood disorder with Psychosis?
Psychosis occurs secondary to depression or mania. On the other hand, schizophrenia usually develop spontaneously
What is Persistent Delusional disorder?
- Development of single or set of delusions for period of at least 3 months in which delusion is the only or the most prominent, symptoms with other areas of thinking and functioning well preserved unlike in schizophrenia.
- Content of delusion is often persecutory, grandiose or hypochondrial in nature. Onset and content of delusion is often related to patient’s life situation.
What is induced delusional disorder?
Uncommon disorder characterised by presence of similar delusions in two or more individuals.
- Folie impose is where a dominant person initially forms a delusional belief during a psychotic episode and imposes it on another person(s).
- Folie simultanee is when two people considered to suffer independently from psychosis, influence the content of each other’s delusions so that they become identical or very similar
What is Acute and transient (brief) psychotic disorder?
Psychotic episode presenting similarly to schizophrenia but lasting <1 month and not meeting schizophrenia criteria
What is late paraphenia?
Term used to describe late-onset schizophrenia.
What is a hallucination?
ICD10 definition of hallucination: false sensory perception in the absence of an external stimulus. Maybe organic, drug-induced or associated with mental disorder
What is Pseudohallucination?
(Generally accepted) Definition of a pseudohallucination: false sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli when the affected is aware that they are hallucinating.
When are pseudohallucinations common?
- Commonly occur in people who are grieving.
- The relevance of pseudohallucinations in practice is that patients may need reassurance that these experiences are normal and do not mean that they will develop a mental illness.
What are the stages of Grief reaction?
- Denial: this may include a feeling of numbness and also pseudohallucinations of the deceased, both auditory and visual. Occasionally people may focus on physical objects that remind them of their loved one or even prepare meals for them
- Anger: this is commonly directed against other family members and medical professionals
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
What is the definition of Grief Reaction?
- Normal for people to feel sadness and grief following the death of a loved one and this does not necessarily need to be medicalised.
- However, having some understanding of the potential stages a person may go through whilst grieving can help determine whether a patient is having a ‘normal’ grief reaction or is developing a more significant problem.
What are risk factos of abnormal or atypical grief reactions?
- Abnormal, or atypical, grief reactions are more likely to occur in women and if the death is sudden and unexpected.
- Other risk factors include a problematic relationship before death or if the patient has not much social support.
What are clinical features of Abnormal and Atypical Grief reactions?
Atypical grief reactions include:
- Delayed grief: sometimes said to occur when more than 2 weeks passes before grieving begins
- Prolonged grief: difficult to define. Normal grief reactions may take up to and beyond 12 months
