Trazadone - MOA - SEs

- 5-HT reuptake blockade and 5-HT2 antagonist - sedation, dizziness, postural hypotension, tachycardia, causea, constipation, diarrhoea

- nausea & vommiting - appetite / weight change - blurred vision - anxiety and agitation - insomnia, tremor, dizziness - headache - sweating

- nausea & vommiting - appetite / weight change - blurred vision - anxiety and agitation - insomnia, tremor, dizziness - headache - sweating PLUS - constipation - hypertension - raised cholesterol

- sedation - increased appetite / weight - oedema

- tachycardia, arrhythmias - dry mouth - blurred vision - constipation - urinary retention - postural hypotension - sedation - nausea, weight gain prolonged QTc

psychopharmacology Flashcards by Becky Lau

Antidepressant SE

nausea & vommiting
appetite / weight change
blurred vision
anxiety and agitation
insomnia, tremor, dizziness
headache
sweating

SSRIs

ex. fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, Escitalopram

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Antidepressant SE

- nausea & vommiting
appetite / weight change
blurred vision
anxiety and agitation
insomnia, tremor, dizziness
headache
sweating
constipation
hypertension
raised cholesterol

SNRIs

ex. venlafaxine, duloxetine

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Antidepressant SE

sedation
increased appetite / weight
oedema

Noradrenergic and specific serotonin antidepressant

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Antidepressant SE

tachycardia, arrhythmias
dry mouth
blurred vision
constipation
urinary retention
postural hypotension
sedation
nausea, weight gain

Tricyclic antidepressants

ex. Amitriptyline, clomipramine, Imipramine,, Lofepramine, Dosulepin

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Antidepressant SE

Hypertensive crisis (tyramine)
postural hypotension, dizziness,
drowsiness, insomnia,
headache
blurred vision
nausea and vomiting
constipation

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

ex. Phenelzine, tranylcypromine

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Antidepressant SE

agitation / anxiety
nausea
sleep disturbance
hypertension

Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A

ex. Moclobemide

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Trazadone

5-HT reuptake blockade and 5-HT2 antagonist

- sedation, dizziness, postural hypotension, tachycardia, causea, constipation, diarrhoea

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SSRIs SEs

nausea & vommiting
appetite / weight change
blurred vision
anxiety and agitation
insomnia, tremor, dizziness
headache
sweating

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SSRIs examples

fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, Escitalopram

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SNRIs SEs

nausea & vommiting
appetite / weight change
blurred vision
anxiety and agitation
insomnia, tremor, dizziness
headache
sweating
PLUS
constipation
hypertension
raised cholesterol

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SNRIs examples

venlafaxine, duloxetine

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NASSAs SEs

sedation
increased appetite / weight
oedema

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NARI examples

reboxetine

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TCA SEs

tachycardia, arrhythmias
dry mouth
blurred vision
constipation
urinary retention
postural hypotension
sedation
nausea, weight gain
prolonged QTc

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TCA examples

Amitriptyline, clomipramine, Imipramine, Lofepramine, Dosulepin

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MAO SEs

Hypertensive crisis (tyramine)
postural hypotension, dizziness,
drowsiness, insomnia,
headache
blurred vision
nausea and vomiting
constipation

MAOi examples

Phenelzine, tranylcypromine

Reversible inhibitors of MAO

agitation / anxiety
nausea
sleep disturbance
hypertension

SE lithium

mild tremor
GI effects, nausea, vomiting
Polyuria, Polydipsia
arrhythmia
hypothyroidism
weight gain

Sodium Valproate SEs

GI effects, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
liver failure
thrombocytopenia
hair loss
weight gain

Carbamazapine SEs

Rash
leucopenia
dizziness, ataxia
drowsiness, fatigue
naursea, vomiting
oedema, fluid retention
weight gain
HYPONATRAEMIA
enzyme induction may decrease levels of other drugs eg OCP

Lamotrigine SEs

Skin rashes which may be life threatening
hedache, tiredness
Nausea
Dizziness
Insomnia 
Arthralgia and back pain

Side effects of antipsychotics (10)

1. Extrapyramidal side effects 
2- Hyperprolactinaemia 
3. Weight gain 
4. Sedation
5. increased risk of diabetes
6. dyslipidaemia 
7. Anticholinergic effect - dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention and tachycardia
8 arrhythmias (prolonged QT) 
9. lower seizure threshold 
10. neuroleptic malignant syndrome

treatment of acute dystonia

procyclidine

treatment of akathesia

symptomatic - BB or benzos | change to atypical

weight gain particularly SE of which antipsychotics?

olanzepine and clozapine

clozapine side effect which is particularly worrying?

agranulocytosis (not dose dependent) | - stop if WCC <3.0 x 10^9 or neutrophils <1.5x10^9)

side effect of clozapine

hypersalivation - treated with hyoscine

SSRI discontinuation symptoms

``` increased mood change restlessness difficulty sleeping unsteadiness sweating gastrointestinal symptoms: pain, cramping, diarrhoea, vomiting paraesthesia ```

NARI SEs

``` dry mouth constipation excessive sweating urinary problems insomnia tachycardia ```

NASSA example

Mirtazapine