Psychopharmacology Flashcards
What are the effects of THC on the EEG?
Increased frontal alpha and frontal coherence and decreased blood flow to all areas of the brain.
What are the effects of LSD on the EEG?
Decreases alpha in a normal EEG, increases fast alpha in slow EEG, and causes little change in a low voltage fast EEG.
What are the effects of opioids on the EEG?
Increase in alpha initially, then slowing of alpha and more REM sleep.
What are the effects of alcohol on the EEG?
Increases slow waves, especially alpha, and epileptiform discharges with chronic overuse.
What are the effects of PCP/angel dust on the EEG?
Increase in slow wave activity and paroxysmal activity with increased dosages.
What are the effects of barbituates on the EEG? (anti-anxiety and seizure medication)
Increased rhythmic 18-26Hz activity. More slow activity and less beta with higher dosages.
What are the effects of neuroleptics on the EEG? (Used as antipsychotics)
Increased coherence and decreased beta, increases sharp slow theta and decreases alpha blocking with persistent use.
Anxiolytics (anti-anxiety)
Decreased alpha and increased beta over 20Hz and decreases paroxysmal activity.
Imipramine (tricyclic antidepressant)
Increased slow activity, decreased alpha and increased beta over 20Hz
Amitriptyline (tricyclic antidepressant)
Increased slow activity and increased paroxysmal discharges
Iproniazid (anti-depressant)
Increase in slow, marked increase in fast wave activity with NO increase in paroxysmal activity
MAO inhibitors (class of anti-depressants)
Similiar to stimulants
SSRIs
Produce mild frontal and cental beta increase (18-25Hz) and decrease alpha anteriorly
Amphetamines (stimulants)
Decreases slow activity and increases 12-26Hz beta and increased alpha activity.
Methylphenadate (CNS stimulant)
Decreases delta and theta, increases parietal alpha and 12-15Hz beta.
Caffeine and nicotine
Little research on effects, increase in theta during withdrawals that goes away with time
Cocaine
Increases frontal alpha during euphoric phase. Well known epileptic potentiator. Increases slow waves with prolonged use (“burns out” dopamine system)
Antimanics
Increases theta with mild decrease in alpha. Increases beta activity and is a known epileptiform potentiator
Tuburculostatics
Irritant to the CNS and potentiator of paroxysmal activity
Methanol (common chemical in products and pharmacuticals)
Acidosis and damage to the optic nerves
Mercury
Initially increase fast activity, followed by slow activity and paroxysmal bursts
Insecticides
Paroxysmal bursts and EEG slowing
Solvents
Dedritic degeneration and demylination
Lead
Decrease in IQ, diffused slowing and paroxysmal activity