Psychopathology: The Behavioural Treatments Of Phobias - SD And Flooding TW Flashcards

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1
Q

Name two behavioural treatments for phobias

A

Systematic desensitisation + flooding

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2
Q

Systematic desensitisation uses which behaviourist principle?

A

Classical conditioning

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3
Q

Classical conditioning is learning through..

A

Association

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4
Q

What type of behavioural response is systematic desensitsation used to unlearn?

A

Maladaptive

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5
Q

People with phobias have a condition response to a….

A

Conditioned stimulus

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6
Q

Name the 4 stages of systematic desensitisation

A

Relaxation

Hierarchy of anxiety

Gradual exposure

Complete treatment

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7
Q

In the first stage of systematic desensitisation, what happens?

A

The patient is taught relaxation techniques

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8
Q

What happens in the second stage of systematic desensitisation?

A

The patient and therapist work together to create a graded scale / hierarchy with the least feared stimulus at the bottom, and the most feared at the top

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9
Q

What happens in the third stage of systematic desensitisation?

A

The patient is gradually exposed to their phobic stimulus

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10
Q

When exposed to their phobic stimulus, what must the patient do when completing systematic desensitisation

A

Use relaxation techniques

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11
Q

When two incompatible states of mind cannot co-exist at the same time, this is referred to as ….

A

Reciprocal inhibition

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12
Q

When does the patient progress through a stage in systematic desensitisation?

A

When they are fully relaxed when exposed to the stimulus

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13
Q

When is systematic desensitisation complete?

A

When the patient is desensitised, and can move through the hierarchy without anxiety

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14
Q

“The aim of systematic desensitisation is for the patient to _________ their phobic stimulus with ____________”

A

Re-associate their phobic stimulus with relaxation

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15
Q

“Classical conditioning is learning through consequences”

True or false

A

False - learning through association

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16
Q

Why may systematic desensitsation not be appropriate for all individuals with phobias?

A

As it requires motivation and commitment

17
Q

Why does systematic desensitsation require motivation + commitment ?

A

As patients must attend sessions over a long period of time and be exposed to anxiety provoking situations

18
Q

Why may systematic desensitsation be seen as a more appropriate therapy than flooding?

A

Because the patient has control over their own therapy

19
Q

Gilroy followed 42 people who had systematic desensitsation for which common phobia?

A

Spiders (arachnophobia)

20
Q

Why are relaxation techniques encouraged when patients are exposed to their phobic stimulus

A

As two incompatible states of mind cannot co-exist at the same time

21
Q

How is systematic desensitisation different to flooding as a treatment for phobias?

A

In systematic desensitisation, the patient is gradually exposed

WHEREAS

In flooding, the patient is immediately exposed

22
Q

A student has written the following:

“Systematic desensitisation uses classical conditioning to unlearn phobias. Flooding uses operant conditioning”

Is this correct, or incorrect - why?

A

Incorrect - both behavioural treatments use classical conditioning

23
Q

Operant conditioning is learning through association

True or false?

A

False - learning through consequence

24
Q

What is the aim of flooding?

A

To use classical conditioning to unlearn maladaptive response to stimulus

25
Q

In flooding, the patient is;

A) Immediately exposed to their least feared situation

B) Immediately exposed to their most feared situation

C) Exposed to their most feared situation after relaxation

A

B - there is no prior stages of relaxation before phobic exposure

26
Q

What emotional and behavioural characteristics will a patient experience when exposed to their phobia in flooding?

A

Emotional = anxiety

Behavioural = panic

27
Q

What happens to the fear response after a continued exposure to the phobic stimulus in flooding?

A

It becomes exhausted

28
Q

How long does flooding usually take?

A

2 - 3 hours

29
Q

What is the process of the patients anxiety disappearing referred to as?

A

Extinction

30
Q

What does the patient learn about the phobic stimulus through flooding?

A

That the phobic stimulus is harmless

31
Q

What does the patient learn about the phobic stimulus through flooding?

A

That the phobic stimulus is harmless

32
Q

Why may flooding be more appropriate than systematic desensitsation?

A

As it is more cost effective for the NHS, as less time is needed

33
Q

A student has written the following answer:

“Flooding is more appropriate than systematic desensitsation as a treatment for phobias as it requires less motivation and commitment”

Is this correct, or incorrect - and why?

A

Incorrect - flooding will still require motivation and commitment as you are exposing yourself to your most feared situation immediately

34
Q

Why may flooding not be as effective as systematic desensitsation?

A

As drop out rates are higher

35
Q

Systematic desensitsation wants patients to re-associate their phobia with _________

A

Relaxation

36
Q

Which treatment for phobias provides patients with the most control?

A

Systematic desensitisation

37
Q

How does systematic desensitsation give patients more control over their treatment?

A

Through helping therapist make hierarchy / are gradually exposed when they feel relaxed

38
Q

Which behavioural treatment would be most appropriate when treating a phobia of sharks?

A