Attachment: Explanations Of Attachment - Bowlby’s Monotropic Theory RN Flashcards

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1
Q

ADAPTIVE: Bowlby suggests that attachment is an ________[1] system, it is ______ [2] in order to improve________ [3], therefore it is adaptive. Bowlby suggested infants are born ‘_________ [4]’ to attach and _______ [5] are also ‘programmed’ to attach.

A

[1] Innate
[2] inherited
[3] survival
[4] programmed
[5] parents

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2
Q

Bowlby stated that humans are born with what ?

A

Social releasers

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3
Q

What are some example of social releasers?

A

Smiling, crying or looking ‘cute’

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4
Q

Why are social releasers important in attachment?

A

Social releasers trigger a response in a care giver and ensures interaction takes place to form an attachment.

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5
Q

What is a ‘critical period’?

A

A period for attachment in an infant to take place, usually within the first 2.5 years of life.

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6
Q

What is the implication of a missed ‘critical period’?

A

Attachment may not take place at all.

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7
Q

Why did Bowlby describe his theory as ‘Monotropic’?

A

Because he placed great emphasis on a child’s attachment to one caregiver.

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8
Q

Who did Bowlby believe is the most important attachment figure in the child’s development?

A

The mother

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9
Q

What is an internal working model?

A

The internal working model is a ‘mental representation’ that the child forms of their relationship with their primary caregiver.

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10
Q

What does an internal working model allow a child to do?

A

It gives them a template for what relationships are like.

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11
Q

What do children do with their attachment relationship with their caregiver?

A

Children build an expectation of what future relationships will be like.

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Bowlby believes that Internal Working Models are not passed on from one generation to the next.

A

FALSE.
ANSWER: Bowlby believes that Internal Working Models are passed on from one generation to the next - people base their parenting on their own experiences of being parented.

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13
Q

Complete the diagram by filling in box A and B

A

A: Child feels secure
B: Positive internal working model

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14
Q

Complete the diagram on internal by filling in box A and B.

A

A: Poor relationship with unresponsive primary caregiver
Insecure attachment
B: Child feels unworthy

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15
Q

What famous researcher can we use to support Bowlby’s monotropic theory?

A

Lorenz study on imprinting

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16
Q

What did Lorenz find that helps to support the monotropic theory?

A

Lorenz found a critical period of 12-17 hours in which imprinting has to take place otherwise it would not later.

17
Q

RTS Monotropic theory: What did Hazen and Shaver’s ‘love quiz’ suggest about children who are securely attached?

A

They tend to have happy and long lasting relationships in later life.

18
Q

What kind of system did Bowlby say attachment was?

A

An innate system

19
Q

According to Bowlby why is attachment inherited?

A

To improve survival rate

20
Q

What are Smiling, crying or looking ‘cute’ examples of ?

A

Social releasers

21
Q

What did Bowlby call attachment where great emphasis is placed on a child’s attachment to one caregiver.

A

Monotopic

22
Q

What did Bowlby say is a ‘mental representation’ that the child forms of their relationship with their primary caregiver.

A

Your Internal working model

23
Q

If a child was in a loving relationship, how would a child feel?

A

Secure

24
Q

What kind of internal working model would a person with a secure attachment have?

A

Positive internal working model.

25
Q

What kind of internal working model would a person with an insecure attachment have?

A

Negative internal working model

26
Q

RTS: Hazan and Shaver created the ‘ ____ quiz’

A

Love

27
Q

How does Hazan and Shaver’s love quiz support the internal working model?

A

First relationships with caregivers act as a template for future relationships

28
Q

Counter to RTS: Hazan and Shaver used a questionnaire to conduct their study. What is a limitation of using this method.

A

Participants might lie about their relationships in order to present themselves in the best possible light (social desirability).

29
Q

Shaffer and Emerson conducted a study that contradicts the monotropic theory. What did they conclude?

A

Children can have multiple attachments not just one like the monotropic theory suggests.

30
Q

What researchers found that children can have multiple attachments not just one like the monotropic theory suggests.

A

Shaffer and Emerson